중고령자의 정서적 행복감과 영적요구가 건강한 노후에 미치는 영향

양남영,이은주,송민선 한국가정간호학회 2020 가정간호학회지 Vol.27 No.2

Purpose: This study aimed to identify the relationship among emotional happiness, spiritual need, and healthy aging and to identify the factors affecting healthy aging in middle-aged and elderly population. Method: The participants were 100 middle-aged and elderly individuals. Data were collected using self-report questionnaires from March 9 to May 27, 2020. Collected data were analyzed using the SPSS/WIN 26.0 program. Results: There was a positive correlation between healthy aging and emotional happiness (r=.70, p<.001) and spiritual need (r=.52, p<.001). The factors influencing healthy aging were gender (β=.13, p=.026), subjective health status (β=.19, p=.002), emotional happiness (β=.60, p<.001), and spiritual need (β=.34, p<.001). These variables explained 67% of healthy aging. Conclusion: Healthy aging had a significant impact on women than on men when subjective health status was good and when emotional happiness and spiritual need were high. Healthy aging of the middle-aged and elderly population has confirmed the importance of physical, emotional, and spiritual health. Therefore, development and operation of programs that include various aspects of physical, emotional, and spiritual for healthy aging should be considered to confirm their effectiveness.

노년기 주관적 연령과 건강노화와의 관계: 연령집단별 분석

최은영 ( Choi Eun Young ),조성은 ( Cho Sung Eun ),오영삼 ( Oh Young Sam ),장희수 ( Chang Hee Su ),김영선 ( Kim Young Sun ) 한국보건사회연구원 2017 保健社會硏究 Vol.37 No.1

본 연구의 목적은 노년기 주관적 연령(스스로를 노인 혹은 비(非)노인으로 인지하는지 여부)과 건강노화와의 관계를 연령집단에 따라 검증하는 것이다. 이를 위해 2014년 노인실태조사 대상자 중 연소노인(65~74세)과 고령노인(75~84세)을 연구대상으로 선정하였다. 연구의 주목적인 주관적 연령과 건강노화 간의 관련성을 검증하기 위해 연소노인 및 고령노인 집단별로 다중회귀분석(multiple regression analysis)을 실시하였다. 연구결과, 주관적 연령과 건강노화의 관계는 연령집단별로 다른 양상을 보이는 것으로 나타났다. 연소노인에서 주관적 연령이 비(非)노인인 경우, 높은 수준의 인지기능과 적은 만성질환 수, 낮은 수준의 우울, 그리고 높은 수준의 사회활동 참여를 보이는 것으로 밝혀졌다. 반면, 고령노인인 경우 주관적 연령은 인지기능을 제외하고 건강노화의 다른 세 요소와 유의미한 관련이 없었다. 본 연구는 주관적 연령을 건강노화의 새로운 고려요소로 제시하여, 두 요소의 관련성을 통합적인 차원에서 살펴보았다는 의의가 있다. 또한 노인을 연령대에 따라 구별된 집단으로 살펴봄으로써, 주관적 연령과 건강노화의 연관성이 연령집단마다 상이한 양상을 보임을 밝혔다는 의의를 가진다. The purpose of this study is to examine the relationship between subjective age (whether one subjectively perceives himself as `the elderly` or `not the elderly`) and healthy aging. Using data from the 2014 National Elderly Survey (KIHASA), this study selected a total of 9,653 participants consisting of young-olds (aged 65-74) and old-olds (aged 75-84) For both the young-old and the old-old, multiple regression analyses were conducted to examine the research model. In the young-old population, one`s considering oneself as “non-elderly” was significantly associated with higher cognitive functioning, fewer chronic diseases, lower depressive symptoms, and higher level of social engagement. On the other hand, in the old-old population, one`s considering oneself as “non-elderly” was associated only with higher cognitive functioning, and not with the other domains of healthy aging. The findings suggest that subjective age can be considered as an important predictors of older adults` healthy aging. These findings indicate that the association between subjective age and healthy aging has a different pattern depending on the age group.

고령자의 건강한 노후 척도 적합도 검증

최인식,최영철 한국체육과학회 2024 한국체육과학회지 Vol.33 No.2

With the increasing elderly population, there is a pressing need in healthcare to address the demands related to healthy aging. At this juncture, there arises a necessity for tools that can indirectly assess the well-being of the elderly in terms of healthy aging. In this study, the suitability of a scale measuring the healthy aging of the elderly was validated with the aim of enhancing the validity of the information obtained through the scale. To achieve this goal, data were collected from 247 elderly individuals using a survey tool based on a pre-test examination. The results are as follows: Firstly, out of the total 20 items in the scale, 19 items (excluding item 14) demonstrated appropriateness. Secondly, the 5-point response categories presented in the scale met the criteria, and the threshold values increased, confirming the suitability of the response categories. Thirdly, it was confirmed that there were no discriminative items in the healthy aging scale based on gender. Therefore, the questionnaire on healthy aging for the elderly, consisting of 19 items across three factors (social support, cognitive-mental, physical) and utilizing a 5-point response category, was found to be a valid scale. The conclusion drawn from the study is that this scale can be utilized as a valuable and objective source of information on healthy aging for the elderly, applicable universally across genders. In summary, based on the findings of this research, the information regarding healthy aging in the elderly is deemed valid and can be utilized as a valuable and objective resource.

한국 노인의 정보기술사용능력과 건강노화의 관계: 연령집단별 차이 비교를 중심으로

엄사랑,김수경,김지원,신혜리,김영선 한국지역정보화학회 2021 한국지역정보화학회지 Vol.24 No.1

The purpose of this study is to verify the relationship between the Information Technology Literacy and the Healthy Aging of Older Adults in Korea. The data used in the study was derived from the 2017 National Survey of Older Koreans, 10,058 participants were selected from a total of 10,299. And for the analysis of age group, age group was classified as young-olds (65-74), old-olds (75-84), and oldest-old(85+). Multiple regression analyses were conducted to verify the relationship between the Information Technology Literacy and Healthy Aging. The results showed that using information technologies has a statistical significance in relationships among all domains of Healthy Aging, which includes physical, cognitive, mental, and social health. Hence, the higher level of the Information Technology Literacy, the higher subjective health, the lower number of chronic diseases, the higher the level of cognitive function, the lower level of depression, and the higher levels of social activity was shown. Also, there was a statistically significant difference between the age group and use of information technologies in terms of Healthy Aging. The oldest-olds, however, did not show a statistically significant difference between information technology literacy and physical health. This study results imply that the Information Technology Literacy is a strong factor for various domains of Healthy Aging of young-olds and old-olds, on the other hand, only cognitive, mental, and social domains apply to the oldest-olds. This study has an academic significance in verifying the relationship between the Information Technology Literacy and the health status of older adults in Korea, and it showed the differences among various age groups. In addition, the results of this study can be used as an important database for implementing practical interventions to encourage older adults in three different age groups to use technology which could lead to the improvement of Healthy Aging. 본 연구는 한국 노인의 정보기술사용능력과 건강노화와의 관계를 연령집단에 따라 검증하는 것을 목적으로 한다. 이를 위해 2017년 노인실태조사 자료를 활용하여 전체응답자(n=10,299명) 중 10,058명의 응답자를 최종 분석대상자로 선정하였으며, 연령집단은 연소노인(65-74세), 고령노인(75-84세), 초고령 노인(85세 이상)으로 분류 하였다. 이후 다중회귀분석(Multiple regression analysis)을 실시하여 한국노인의 정보기술사용능력과 건강노화와의 관계를 검증하였다. 연구결과, 노인의 정보기술사용능력은 건강노화의 모든 영역에서 통계적으로 유의한 관계를 가지는 것으로 나타났다. 즉, 정보기술사용능력이 높을수록 높은 수준의 주관적 건강을 가지고, 만성질환 개수는 적었으며, 인지기능 수준은 높았고, 우울수준은 낮았으며, 사회활동을 활발하게 하는 것으로 나타났다. 그러나 이와 같은 결과는 연령집단별 차이가 존재하였는데, 연소노인과 고령노인은 건강노화 모든 영역에서 통계적으로 유의한 관계를 가진 반면, 초고령 노인의 경우 건강노화 중 신체적 건강 영역은 정보기술사용능력과 연관성을 가지지 않는 것으로 나타났다. 즉, 연소노인과 고령노인의 경우 정보기술사용능력이 건강노화의 다양한 영역을 설명하는 요인으로 작용하고 있지만, 초고령 노인의 경우 건강노화의 인지적・정신적・사회적 건강에서만 주요한 요인으로 작용하고 있다고 해석할 수 있다. 본 연구는 한국적 차원에서 노인의 정보기술사용능력과 건강노화와의 관계를 검증하였으며, 연령집단에 따라 상이한 양상을 보이는 것을 검증하였다는 학문적 의의를 가진다. 이와 같은 연구결과를 토대로 연령집단별 건강노화를 도모하기 위하여 기술사용을 장려하는 실천적 개입에 중요한 기초자료로써 활용될 것으로 기대된다.

노인의 자아존중감, 사회적 지지가 노화정도에 미치는 영향

오창섭(Oh, Chang Sup),정원길(Jung, Wom Gil) 한국복지행정학회 2009 복지행정논총 Vol.19 No.2

본 연구의 목적은 노인의 자아존중감 및 사회적 지지와 노화정도와의 차이점과 관련요인을 파악하여 노인들에게 성공적인 노화와 건강한 삶을 유지·증진할 수 있는 방안을 제시하기 위해 유용한 기초자료와 정보를 제공하기 위함이다. 건강한 노화(Healthy aging)란 심리적, 신체적, 사회적 노화정도가 낮은 경우를 의미하는 것으로서 노화에 대한 태도는 심리적, 신체적, 사회적 요인들의 총체적인 상호작용에 의해 나타나고 노인들의 전반적인 삶의 질을 결정하는데 주요 요인이 된다. 연구결과 노인들의 노화정도에 유의미한 영향을 미치는 변수들을 살펴보면, 자아존중감(β=-.513), 건강상태(β=-.158), 교육수준(β=-.139), 친구 지지(β=-.122) 순으로 영향력을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 즉 자아존중감이 높을수록, 친구의 지지가 높을수록, 교육수준이 높을수록, 자신이 건강하다고 느낄수록 노인의 노화정도에 영향을 미치는 것으로 판단할 수 있다. 이에 본 연구에서 이러한 연구결과를 근거로 하여 노인의 건강한 노화를 위한 사회복지적 개입방안을 제언하였다. This research focuses on creating a better fundamental database in the future for the elderly s Successful aging and healthy life through analysis of the old people s Self-Esteem and Social Support on Aging Level. Healthy aging means the lower level status of psychological, physical and social aging. thus, the attitude about the growing old comes to the major factor to determine general quality of life. The purpose of this study is to identify Self-Esteem and Social Support and Growing old and to assess the impacts of these factors upon Healthy aging. By analyzing the factors which have an impact upon Healthy aging of the elderly, this study aims to provide important information which help understang them, and to find out what kind of care is necessary for their happy and Successful aging. This study took purposive sampling and survey of 533 people among the elderly located in kyongju city and Eulsan city. As a result of hierarchical regression, it appeared that the elderly who had higher Self-Esteem, more Social Support(escipally Friends support), Good health, higher Education level turned out to have reduced aging. Based on these results, the implications of social work practice, intervention strategies, policy for healthy aging, and future research were discussed.

퇴직 공직자의 성공적 노화에 대한 관련 변인 연구

박남희 ( Park Nam Hee ),김옥희 ( Kim Ok Hee ) 아시아문화학술원 2016 인문사회 21 Vol.7 No.6

본 연구의 목적은 퇴직 공직자의 정신건강, 사회활동 참여, 성격강점, 자아통합감이 성공적 노화에 미치는 영향과 관계를 구조모형을 통해 분석하는 것이다. 이러한 목적을 달성하기 위하여 서울시 출신 퇴직공무원 340명의 자료를 SPSS WIN 19.0과 AMOS 19.0을 사용하여 분석하였다. 연구결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 정신건강, 사회활동 참여, 성격강점, 자아통합감, 성공적 노화 간에는 모두 유의미한 상관이 있다. 먼저, 정신건강은 사회활동 참여, 성격강점, 자아통합감, 성공적 노화와 부적 상관이 있고, 사회활동 참여는 성격강점, 자아통합감, 성공적 노화와 정적 상관이 있다. 성격강점은 자아통합감, 성공적 노화와 정적 상관이 있고, 자아통합감과 성공적 노화는 정적 상관이 있는 것으로 나타났다. 둘째, 퇴직 공직자의 성공적 노화와 관련된 변인들 간의 구조적 인과관계에 대해 알아본 결과, 정신건강은 자아통합감에 부적인 영향을 미치고 사회활동 참여와 성격강점은 자아통합감에 정적인 영향을 미치며 자아통합감은 성공적 노화에 정적인 영향을 미친다. 셋째, 정신건강, 사회활동 참여, 성격강점과 성공적 노화 간의 관계에서 자아통합감은 완전매개효과가 있다. 퇴직 공직자의 정신건강과 사회활동 참여, 성격강점은 성공적 노화에 직접적인 영향을 미치기 보다는 자아통합감을 매개로 간접적인 영향을 미치고 있다. 따라서 퇴직 공직자의 성공적 노화를 위해서는 자신의 삶을 의미있게 통합할 수 있는 자아통합감을 증진시키고, 긍정적인 정신건강을 유지하면서 적극적으로 사회활동에 참여하고 성격강점을 발휘할 수 있도록 다양한 프로그램을 개발하고 실시할 필요가 있다. The purpose of this study is to prove a meaningful relationship between psychological healthiness, participation in the social activities, personality strengths and sense of self-integrity, and successful aging. The survey answers from 340 retired public officers were collected and analyzed through SPSS WIN 19.0 and AMOS 19.0. The research result of this study is as follows. First, psychological healthiness, participation in the social activities, personality strengths, self-integrity and successful aging are meaningfully correlated with one another. there is a negative correlation between psychological healthiness and the other factors like participation in the social activities, personality strengths, self-integrity and successful aging. And there is a positive correlations between participation in the social activities and personality strengths, self-integrity and successful aging. Also Personality strengths has a positive correlation with self-integrity and successful aging. Finally it shows that there is a positive correlation between self-integrity and successful aging. Second, the structured relationship between successful aging and the other factors shows that there is a negative correlation between psychological healthiness and self-integrity and participation in the social activities and personality strengths have a positive relationship with self-integrity. Self-integrity has a positive correlation with successful aging. Finally self-integrity has been proved to be a good meditator between psychological healthiness, participation in the social activities, personality strengths and successful aging. It was shown that the other factors boost self-integrity, which can lead to successful aging in indirect ways. It means that we need to focus on retired public officers` self-integrity for their successful aging. Therefore It can be concluded that their self-integrity should be boosted for successful aging and meaningful integration of life and various kinds of programs which can improve their health, participation in the social activities, personality strengths need to be developed.

인구고령화와 의료비

정형선 ( Hyoung Sun Jeong ),송양민 ( Yang Min Song ),이규식 ( Kyu Sik Lee ) 한국보건경제정책학회(구 한국보건경제학회) 2007 보건경제와 정책연구 Vol.13 No.1

사망률의 하락과 평균수명의 증가에 힘입어 대부분의 OECD 국가들에서 65세 이상 노인인구가 빠르게 늘어나고 있다. 또한 2차 세계대전 후(한국은 한국전쟁 후)에 태어난 베이비붐 세대는 은퇴를 시작했거나 대규모 은퇴를 앞두고 있다. 이러한 베이비붐 세대가 노인 그룹에 본격적으로 합류하기 시작하면 앞으로 국민의료비가 폭발적으로 늘어날 것이라는 우려가 높아지고 있다. 본 연구는 OECD 및 WHO의 데이터를 분석하여 횡단국가적 수준에서 ``건강한 고령화`` 현상이 나타나고 있음을 확인했다. 또한 의료비는 ``나이의 함수(a function of age)``이라기보다는 ``사망에 이르는 시간의 함수(a function of proximity to death)``라는 사실을 확인하고 있다. 본 연구의 결과는 의료비 결정요인으로서의 인구를 분석함에 있어 인구구조(age composition)의 변화에 대한 분석만으로는 충분치 못하며, 반드시 국민들의 ``건강상태 변화``와 ``사망관련 비용``을 함께 고려해야 한다는 것을 알려주고 있다. 본 연구를 통해 크게 두 가지 시사점을 얻을 수 있다. 첫째, 장래의 국민의료비를 추계할 때는 ``건강한 고령화``와 ``사망관련 비용`` 요인을 적극 반영해야 한다는 점이다. 기존의 추계방식처럼 늘어난 노인 숫자에 노인인구 1인당의료비를 곱해 노인 의료비를 계산하는 것은 의료비를 과대 추정(over-estimation)할 가능성이 있다. 둘째, 건강증진사업 등 건강투자를 늘려 ``건강한 고령화``를 통해 노인들의 장애 발생 시기를 뒤로 늦출 수 있다면 의료비의 증가를 억제 할 수 있다는 점이다. The elderly population in most OECD countries is rapidly growing because of declining death rates and increasing life expectancy. Population aging has caused concerns about the burden of health care expenditures. Future health care expenditures are, particularly, expected to soar as the baby boom generation is going to retire in the near future. There has been a wide belief that there is a mechanistic relationship between the population aging and the rapid growth of national health spending. However, many domestic studies on both healthy aging and death-related costs have shown some reservations to such a belief. This study based on cross-country comparison shows the possibility of a decline of disability in developed countries, compared with the increased life expectancy(healthy ageing hypothesis). This study also showed that the relationship between age and health expenditure was weak and possibly inverse once proximity to death was controlled for. Death ratio was more important as a determinant of health costs than age itself(death-related cost hypothesis). The results of this study cast two suggestions among others. Firstly, simple projections based on age-specific health expenditure will be misleading. Healthy aging and death-related costs should be taken into account in projections of future health care costs to avoid overestimation. The longer life expectancy of baby-boom generation may not bring as great an increased burden for the health care costs as many fear. Secondly, if we can postpone the time of death to higher ages through healthy aging, we can put a brake on the health care costs for the elderly. Health promotion and investment for health, therefore, would contribute not only to the health of population but also to mitigation of the cost increase for health care.

Identification of the Best Societal Measurement of Healthy Aging

Jean-Pierre Michel 대한노인병학회 2019 Annals of geriatric medicine and research Vol.23 No.2

Almost six decades after the first proposals to define and evaluate the quality of individual aging, the first indexes for assessing the aging process at the societal level have ap-peared. Moreover, in five years, three different scores for measuring societal aging have been developed and tested in different areas. The Global AgeWatch Index focused on 96 countries from around the world, while the Active Ageing index is limited to the European Union countries and the Ageing Society Index targets Organization for Economic Co-oper-ation and Development countries. This paper analyzed and compared the results of these three indexes. The rankings vary little at the bottom end of the scale, with the same coun-tries consistently ranked among the lowest scores (for example, Poland ranked last among the European countries in the three indexes). The same is true at the top of the rankings, with Sweden, the Netherlands, and Ireland consistently among the high-scoring countries. However, the three indices tend to differently rank the countries in the middle. The United States, for example, is ranked ninth in the Global Age Watch 2015 and third in the Age-ing Societal Index 2018. In cases in which the results are not consistent, it is difficult for politicians and policymakers to adequately identify needs and orient the policy to promote active and healthy aging. There is clearly a compelling need for wide-scale debate to reach a consensus on a comprehensive score or index at the societal level.

Modulation of DNA methylation by one-carbon metabolism: a milestone for healthy aging

Choi Sang-Woon,Friso Simonetta 한국영양학회 2023 Nutrition Research and Practice Vol.17 No.4

Healthy aging can be defined as an extended lifespan and health span. Nutrition has been regarded as an important factor in healthy aging, because nutrients, bioactive food components, and diets have demonstrated beneficial effects on aging hallmarks such as oxidative stress, mitochondrial function, apoptosis and autophagy, genomic stability, and immune function. Nutrition also plays a role in epigenetic regulation of gene expression, and DNA methylation is the most extensively investigated epigenetic phenomenon in aging. Interestingly, age-associated DNA methylation can be modulated by one-carbon metabolism or inhibition of DNA methyltransferases. One-carbon metabolism ultimately controls the balance between the universal methyl donor S-adenosylmethionine and the methyltransferase inhibitor S-adenosylhomocysteine. Water-soluble B-vitamins such as folate, vitamin B6, and vitamin B12 serve as coenzymes for multiple steps in one-carbon metabolism, whereas methionine, choline, betaine, and serine act as methyl donors. Thus, these one-carbon nutrients can modify age-associated DNA methylation and subsequently alter the age-associated physiologic and pathologic processes. We cannot elude aging per se but we may at least change age-associated DNA methylation, which could mitigate age-associated diseases and disorders.

인구고령화가 의료비 지출에 미치는 영향: Age-Period-Cohort 분석을 이용한 ‘건강한 고령화’의 관점

조재영,정형선 한국보건행정학회 2018 보건행정학회지 Vol.28 No.4

Background: People who were born in different years, that is, different birth cohorts, grow in varying socio-historical and dynamic contexts, which result in differences in social dispositions and physical abilities. Methods: This study used age-period-cohort analysis method to establish explanatory models on healthcare expenditure in Korea reflecting birth cohort factor using intrinsic estimator. Based on these models, we tried to investigate the effects of ageing population on future healthcare expenditure through simulation by scenarios. Results: Coefficient of cohort effect was not as high as that of age effect, but greater than that of period effect. The cohort effect can be interpreted to show ‘healthy ageing’ phenomenon. Healthy ageing effect shows annual average decrease of -1.74% to 1.57% in healthcare expenditure. Controlling age, period, and birth cohort effects, pure demographic effect of population ageing due to increase in life expectancy shows annual average increase of 1.61%–1.80% in healthcare expenditure. Conclusion: First, since the influence of population factor itself on healthcare expenditure increase is not as big as expected. Second, ‘healthy ageing effect’ suggests that there is a need of paradigm shift to prevention centered-healthcare services. Third, forecasting of health expenditure needs to reflect social change factors by considering birth cohort effect.