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- 주제어 : head louse (검색결과 16 건)
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Soyoung Kang,Deok-Ho Kwon,Kyung-Seok Kim,Si Hyeock Lee 한국응용곤충학회 2009 한국응용곤충학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2009 No.10
To search for hyper-variable genetic markers that can distinguish regional populations of head lice, we screened the inter simple sequence repeats (ISSR) based on the genome database of body louse, which is closely related conspecific species. An ISSR mining software, SciRoKo 3.4, was employed to excavate ISSR markers from the genome database under the MISA mode (≥ 60 bp repeats). Entire body louse genome (ca.100 Mb) was loaded to SciRoKo for ISSRs mining. A total of 5,336 ISSRs were obtained, and primers specific to individual ISSRs were designed by the Primer 3 and DesignPrimer 1.0 softwares. In order to prove the compatibility of body louse ISSRs to head lice, 31 PCR primers were randomly chosen out of a total of 613 pairs, and their appropriateness was tested by comparing the amplified PCR band patterns between body and head lice. Eleven primer pairs that resulted in poor or little amplification were excluded, and 20 primer pairs were further tested for three head louse populations (California, Panama and Chung-ju, Korea). Finally, nine primer pairs ensuring robust amplification of highly variable band patterns were selected to use for population genetic study of head lice.
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소아에서 머릿니 치료 경험이 체내 린단 잔류량에 미치는 영향
최홍순 ( Hong Sun Choi ),조한경 ( Han Kyoung Cho ),송재석 ( Jae Seok Song ),서종철 ( Jong Chul Seo ),박기영 ( Kie Young Park ),고재완 ( Jae Wan Go ),강원형 ( Won Hyoung Kang ),노병인 ( Byung In Ro ) 대한피부과학회 2009 大韓皮膚科學會誌 Vol.47 No.7
Background: Organochloride pesticides are prohibited around the world due to their toxicity and environmental persistence. However, lindane, one organochloride pesticide, is still widely used to treat head lice and scabies in Korea. Objective: For evaluation of the effect of lindane usage and blood lindane concentration, we conduct an evaluation of blood lindane concentrations among children who were treated for head lice. Methods: The total study population of 80 was divided into rural and urban areas. Age, sex, parent`s farming, sea food consumption and head lice treatment information were gathered using a structured questionnaire. Blood lindane concentrations were analyzed by a solid phase extraction(SPE) method. Quantitative analysis was done by GC/ECD. Non-parametric analysis was done for comparing blood lindane concentrations between the head lice treated group and the non treatment group. After a log transformation, regression analysis was done for controlling confounding variables. Results: The median age of the study population was 11. The study population involved 38 (47.5%) male and 42 (52.5%) female children. Twenty (25.6%) children were infested by head lice. The blood concentration of lindane was higher in the head licetreatment group [N.D (N.D-78.9)] than in the non-treated group [N.D (N.D-43.4), p<0.01]. The results were the same after regression analysis controlling for confounding variables. Conclusion: Lindane has toxicity to the endocrine system and nervous system and persists in the environment and in the human body. Therefore, careful usage of lindane shampoo is needed to treat head lice. (Korean J Dermatol 2009;47(7):777~783)
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On-uma Singhasivanon,Saranath Lawpoolsri,Mathirut Mungthin,Surapon Yimsamran,Ngamphol Soonthornworasiri,Srivicha Krudsood 대한기생충학ㆍ열대의학회 2019 The Korean Journal of Parasitology Vol.57 No.5
Head-lice infestation, pediculosis capitis, remains a public-health burden in many countries. The widely used first-line pediculicides and alternative treatments are often too costly for use in poor socio-economic settings. Ivermectin has been considered an alternate treatment for field practice. This study was composed of 2 parts, a cross-sectional survey and an intervention study. The main objectives were to determine the prevalence and potential factors associated with head-lice infestation, and to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of oral ivermectin administration. A community-based cross-sectional survey was conducted among 890 villagers in rural areas along Thai-Myanmar border. Females with infestations were eligible for the intervention study, and 181 participated in the intervention study. A post-treatment survey was conducted to assess acceptance of ivermectin as a treatment choice. Data analysis used descriptive statistics and a generalized-estimation-equation model adjusted for cluster effect. The study revealed the prevalence of head-lice infestation was 50% among females and only 3% among males. Age stratification showed a high prevalence among females aged <20 years, and among 50% of female school-children. The prevalence was persistent among those with a history of infestation. The major risk factors were residing in a setting with other infected cases, and sharing a hair comb. The study also confirmed that ivermectin was safe and effective for field-based practice. It was considered a preferable treatment option. In conclusion, behavior-change communication should be implemented to reduce the observed high prevalence of head-lice infestation. Ivermectin may be an alternative choice for head-lice treatment, especially in remote areas.
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최민호,Choi, Min-Ho 대한소아소화기영양학회 2008 Pediatric gastroenterology, hepatology & nutrition Vol.11 No.suppl1
Enterobiasis and head lice infestations, contact-borne parasitic diseases, are the most prevalent parasitic infections of children in Korea, and they are transmitted by close contact with infected persons. They are not of major concern in public health, therefore their importance in children's health care are overlooked in Korea. Egg positive rates of Enterobius vermicularis have been reported to be 10~20% among children in kindergartens and primary schools. Enterobiasis is diagnosed by scotch tape anal swab, but repeated examination is necessary for accurate diagnosis. Albendazole or mebendazole are extremely effective for treatment, however, reinfections usually occur if treatment is not repeated at least three times at a 3-week-interval, targeting the whole family members including the patients. Environmental sanitation and health education are also necessary to guarantee the successful treatment of enterobiasis. Head lice infestation is still an indication of public health status. Children of 3 to 12 years old and their families have infestations more frequently, and girls have more than boys. Diagnosis can be made by identification of live lice or nits on the head. Pediculicides are effective treatment of infestations, however they do not kill nits completely, requiring second treatment. Recently wet combing is preferred as an alternative by parents in England because of possible toxicity of drugs and resistance of lice. It is impossible to completely prevent enterobiasis and/or head lice infestations. Therefore, mass screening and prevention are required, and, in local clinics, a thorough evaluation of the symptoms and past history, and appropriate laboratory tests are necessary.
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유승완,홍수지,장태희,신혜주,박재영,이정규,나은희,이은희,정봉광,채종일 대한기생충학ㆍ열대의학회 2023 The Korean Journal of Parasitology Vol.61 No.1
Head louse infestation is a significant public health problem across the world, particularly among preschool and primary schoolchildren. This study investigated the trends of head louse infestation in the Republic of Korea over a 9-year period (2011-2019), targeting primary schoolchildren in 3 areas of Seoul, 4 other large cities, and 9 provinces. A survey was administered annually by the health staff of each regional office (<i>n</i>= 16) of the Korea Association of Health Promotion (KAHP). The branch offices of KAHP examined a total of 51,508 primary schoolchildren, comprising 26,532 boys and 24,976 girls. Over the 9-year survey, a total of 1,107 (2.1%) schoolchildren tested positive for adults and/or nits of <i>Pediculus humanus capitis</i>. The prevalence was 2.8% (133/4,727) in 2011-2012 and gradually decreased to 0.8% (49/6,461) in 2019 (<i>P</i>< 0.05). Head lice were found more frequently in girls (3.0%; 746/24,976) than in boys (1.4%; 361/26,532) (<i>P</i>< 0.05). In terms of geographic localities, the highest infestation rate, 4.7% (average prevalence over 9 years), was observed in southern Seoul (Gangnam branch of KAHP), whereas the lowest infestation rate, 0.7%, was seen in Gyeongsang (north and south provinces) and western Seoul. Although the prevalence decreased significantly during the 9-year period, head louse infestation remains a health and hygiene issue among primary schoolchildren in the Republic of Korea. Regular surveys along with health education are needed to further improve children’s hair hygiene.
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Mahmood Moosazadeh,Mahdi Afshari,Hormoz Keianian,Asghar Nezammahalleh,Ahmad Ali Enayati 질병관리본부 2015 Osong Public Health and Research Persptectives Vol.6 No.6
Objectives: Head lice infestation is one of the most important health problems, generally involving children aged 5-13 years. This study aims to estimate the prevalence of head lice infestation and its associated factors among primary school children using systematic review and meta-analysis methods. Methods: Different national and international databases were searched for selecting the relevant studies using appropriate keywords, Medical Subject Heading terms, and references. Relevant studies with acceptable quality for meta-analysis were selected having excluded duplicate and irrelevant articles, quality assessment, and application of inclusion/exclusion criteria. With calculating standard errors according to binomial distribution and also considering the Cochrane’s Q test as well as I-squared index for heterogeneity, pediculosis prevalence rate was estimated using Stata SE V.11 software. Results: Forty studies met the inclusion criteria of this review and entered into the meta-analysis including 200,306 individuals. Using a random effect model, the prevalence (95% confidence interval) of head lice infestation among primary school children was estimated as 1.6% (1.2-2.05), 8.8% (7.6-9.9), and 7.4% (6.6-8.2) for boys, girls, and all the students, respectively. The infestation rate was found to be associated with low educational level of parents, long hair, family size, mother’s job (housewife), father’s job (worker/unemployed), using a common comb, lack of bathrooms in the house, and a low frequency of bathing. Conclusion: This meta-analysis revealed that the prevalence of head lice infestation among Iranian primary school children is relatively high with more prevalence among girls. We also found that economic, social, cultural, behavioral, and hygienic factors are associated with this infestation.
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Deok Ho Kwon,Keon mook Seong,Kyong Sup Yoon,J. Marshall Clark,Won Ja Lee,Yong Joon Ahn,Si Hyeock Lee 한국응용곤충학회 2008 한국응용곤충학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2008 No.05
A quantitative sequencing (QS) protocol that detects the frequencies of sodium channel mutations (M815I, T917I and L920F) responsible for knockdown resistance in permethrin-resistant head lice was tested as a population genotyping method. Genomic DNA fragments of the sodium channel α-subunit gene that encompass the three mutation sites were PCR-amplified from individual head lice with either resistant or susceptible genotypes, and combined together in various ratios to generate standard DNA template mixtures for QS. Following sequencing, the signal ratios between resistant and susceptible nucleotides were calculated and plotted against the corresponding resistance allele frequencies. Quadratic regression coefficients of the plots were close to 1, demonstrating that QS is highly reliable for the prediction of resistance allele frequencies. Prediction of resistance allele frequencies by QS in several globally collected lice samples including 12 Korean lice populations suggested that permethrin resistance varied substantially amongst different geographical regions. Three local populations of Korean lice were determined to have 9.8-36.7% resistance allele frequencies, indicating that an urgent resistance management is needed. QS should serve as a preliminary resistance monitoring tool for proper management strategies by allowing early resistance detection.
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Gellatly, Kyle J.,Krim, Sarah,Palenchar, Daniel J.,Shepherd, Katie,Yoon, Kyong Sup,Rhodes, Christopher J.,Lee, Si Hyeock,Marshall Clark, J. Oxford University Press 2016 Journal of medical entomology Vol.53 No.3
<P>Pediculosis is a prevalent parasitic infestation of humans, which is increasing due, in part, to the selection of lice resistant to either the pyrethrins or pyrethroid insecticides by the knockdown resistance (<I>kdr</I>) mechanism. To determine the extent and magnitude of the <I>kdr</I>-type mutations responsible for this resistance, lice were collected from 138 collection sites in 48 U.S. states from 22 July 2013 to 11 May 2015 and analyzed by quantitative sequencing. Previously published data were used for comparisons of the changes in the frequency of the <I>kdr</I>-type mutations over time. Mean percent resistance allele frequency (mean % RAF) values across the three mutation loci were determined from each collection site. The overall mean % RAF (±SD) for all analyzed lice was 98.3 ± 10%. 132/138 sites (95.6%) had a mean % RAF of 100%, five sites (3.7%) had intermediate values, and only a single site had no mutations (0.0%). Forty-two states (88%) had a mean % RAF of 100%. The frequencies of <I>kdr</I>-type mutations did not differ regardless of the human population size that the lice were collected from, indicating a uniformly high level of resistant alleles. The loss of efficacy of the Nix formulation (Prestige Brand, Tarrytown, NY) from 1998 to 2013 was correlated to the increase in <I>kdr</I>-type mutations. These data provide a plausible reason for the decrease in the effectiveness of permethrin in the Nix formulation, which is the parallel increase of <I>kdr</I>-type mutations in lice over time.</P>
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