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박기영,Park, Kie Young 대한소아소화기영양학회 2008 Pediatric gastroenterology, hepatology & nutrition Vol.11 No.suppl1
According to the hygiene hypothesis, westernized and urbanized life style leads to the increase of allergic disease. This hypothesis supports the use of probiotic therapy for the prevention or treatment of food allergy. The probiotics which contains potentially beneficial microorganism have been used for the treatment of some gastrointestinal disorders and atopic disease as dietary supplements. Many results of studies support the immunologic bases of probiotics therapy. The most important mechanism is that probiotics suppress Th2-skewed immunity as the stimulation of regulatory T cell. The difficulties of diagnosis of food allergy, variable symptoms, many kinds of microorganism, diet style and non-standardized study designs are attributed to the variety and controversy of the effectiveness of probiotics in food allergy with infant and children. More studies is needed to confirm the efficacy of probiotics in infant and children with food allergy.
박기영,장수희,김경모,Park, Kie-Young,Chang, Soo-Hee,Kim, Kyung-Mo 대한소아소화기영양학회 2007 Pediatric gastroenterology, hepatology & nutrition Vol.10 No.1
목 적: 직장 항문기능검사법의 발달로 소아 만성 변비 환자 중에서도 성인에서와 마찬가지로 PFD를 보이는 경우가 있음이 알려지고 있다. 하지만 PFD 환자의 치료에 사용하는 BT는 소아에서는 협조가 어렵고, 소아 변비는 양호한 자연경과를 가진다는 보수적인 인식으로 인해 보편적으로는 시행되지 않았다. 소아 PFD에서의 BT의 효용성을 알아보기 위하여 이번 연구를 시행하였다. 방 법: 2002년 9월부터 2005년 2월까지 변지림 또는 보존 치료에 잘 반응하지 않는 만성 변비를 주소로 서울아산병원 소아과로 의뢰된 환아 중 직장 항문기능검사에서 PFD로 진단한 환아 70명을 대상으로 하였다. 진단을 위한 직장 항문기능검사로 배변조영술, 항문 직장내압검사, 배변 동작 시 근전도와 풍선배출검사 등이 시행되었다. BT는 항문내 근전도를 이용하였고, 주 2~3회를 기본으로 회당 20분 정도 실시하였다. 치료 종료시에도 풍선배출검사, 배변 동작 시 근전도를 실시하였다. 치료 전후에 Bristol 분류에 따른 대변 모양과 주당 배변 횟수, 배변 시간 등의 변화와 약물 치료 중단 여부등에 대해 설문으로 조사하였다. 치료 종료 6개월 이상 경과된 환아들을 대상으로 현재의 배변 상태에 대해 전화 설문을 시행하였다. 또한 PFD환아 중 BT를 거부했던 환아들을 대조군으로 하여 BT의 효과를 알아보았다. 결 과: BT 치료 전과 비교하여 치료 직후에 주당 배변 횟수, 변의 모양, 배변 시간 등의 증상과 항문내 근전도, 풍선배출검사 등의 결과는 모두 유의한 호전을 보였다. 평균 약 20개월의 추적 관찰 비교에서도 치료군과 대조군 사이에 성별, 나이, 주증상 등의 유의한 차이는 없었으나, 주당 배변 횟수, 배변 시간, 변 모양의 Bristol분류 등에서 유의한 차이를 보여, BT가 PFD의 증상을 호전시킨다는 것을 알 수 있었다. 하지만 추적 관찰에서 치료에 대한 주관적 만족도와 변지림의 호전은 두 군 간에 유의한 차이를 보이지 않았다. 직장 항문 기능검사 및 BT에 대한 거부감은 치료 성공률과 직접적 관련이 있었다. 결 론: 만성 변비나 변지림을 보이는 소아에서도 직장 항문기능검사에서 PFD를 보이는 경우가 있으며, 이 경우 성인에서와 같이 BT로 증상의 호전이 있었다. 장기 추적 관찰에서도 치료를 받은 군이 대조군보다 유의한 호전을 보였으며 특히 단기간 내에 증상의 호전이라는 측면에서는 유용하였다. 추후 소아 PFD에서 BT의 유용성에 대해 보다 많은 수의 대상에서 전향적인 대조군 연구가 필요하다고 생각한다. Purpose: Recently well-developed anorectal function tests have revealed that there is an obvious pelvic floor dyssynergia (PFD) pattern in pediatric patients with constipation, as well as in adult's. The use of biofeedback therapy (BT) has been widely implemented in adult PFD patients; however, this approach has only rarely been considered for pediatric PFD patients. Therefore, we assessed the effectiveness of BT in children with PFD. Methods: We studied 70 children with PFD, who were referred to the department of pediatrics at the Asan Medical Center for the management of soiling or chronic constipation from September 2002 to February 2005. Diagnosis of PFD and assessment of the efficacy of BT for PFD treatment were carried out along with several ano-rectal function tests (cine-defecography, ano-rectal manometry, balloon expulsion test and intra-anal EMG); in addition, a questionnaire was administered. The BT based intra-anal EMG was performed. A follow-up telephone interview was performed more than 6 months later. Results: Most of the symptoms and results of the ano-rectal function tests were statistically improved after BT. In comparisons between the BT and control groups (BT refusal group due to poor compliance), the symptoms were statistically improved at follow-up. Therefore, for the shortterm improvement of symptoms, BT was better than conservative therapy alone. The negative feelings associated with ano-rectal function testing and BT were directly associated with failure or success of therapy. Conclusion: Pediatric patients with constipation or soiling that presented with an obvious PFD pattern showed that BT was a useful therapeutic tool for rapid improvement of symptoms.
소아의 영양 평가 - 소아 신체계측과 생화학적 지표의 특성을 중심으로
박기영,Park, Kie Young 대한소아소화기영양학회 2009 Pediatric gastroenterology, hepatology & nutrition Vol.12 No.suppl1
Nutritional assessment is based on anthropometric, clinical, dietary and biochemical data. There is a lack of studies about the propriety of biochemical indexes for the nutritional assessment in children despite biochemical data in pediatric population are different from them in adult's in many respects. Serum albumin is useful index to evaluate the severity of malnutrition. Hemoglobin and hematocrit tend to decrease in malnutrition on account of defect of iron metabolism and to increase in metabolic syndrome on account of enhancement of erythropoiesis. But, unlike adult, total lymphocyte count is not so useful biochemical indexes in children. We should consider pediatric characteristic when interpret biochemical indexes for nutritional assessment in children, and nutritional status in children should be assessed comprehensively with anthropometric, clinical, dietary and biochemical data.
쥐노래미(Hexagrammos otakii) 자치어의 먹이와 수온에 따른 성장 및 에너지 수지
박기영 ( Kie Young Park ),박준우 ( Jun Woo Park ),권오남 ( O Nam Kwon ) 한국수산과학회 2013 한국수산과학회지 Vol.46 No.3
The growth, respiration, ingestion, and ecological efficiencies of Hexagrammos otakii larvae and juveniles reared on different diets and temperatures were estimated. A factorial experiment using two diets [non-enriched hatched Arte-mia nauplii (NEA) and enriched A rtemia nauplii (EA)] crossed with two temperatures [natura] seawater temperature (NT,5.1-8.5°C) and heated seawater (HT, 13±0.5°C) was conducted to investigate growth and energy budgets of Hexagrammos otakii larvae and juveniles. The energy used by larvae and juveniles for 6 weeks was calculated using data on ingestion, growth, respiration, excretion, and egestion. In the NT trials, the energy used for growth by larvae and juveniles was 0.121 and 0.129 Kcal in the NEA and EA treatments, respectively. Assimilation efficiency at NT were 78.0% and 80.2% in the NEA and EA trials, respectively. Gross growth efficiency (K1) were 60.5% and 62.3% and net growth efficiency (K2) was 77.56% and 77.71% in the NEA and EA trials, respectively. In the HT trials, the energy used for growth by juveniles was 0.189 and 0.212 Kcal in the NEA and EA trials, respectively. Assimilation efficiency at HT was 86.4% and 95.1% in the NEA and EA trials, respectively. Values of K1 and K2 at HT were 69.5% and 80.43%, respectively, in the NEA trials, and 73.9% and 77.66%, respectively, in the EA trials. These results sug-gest that enriched Artemia nauplii and higher temperatures (13±0.5°C) are effective for rearing larvae and juveniles of H. otakii.
먹이종류에 따른 Rotifer , Brachionus rotundiformis 의 고밀도 배양
박흠기(Huem Gi Park),김성구(Sung Koo Kim),박기영(Kie Young Park),박영제(Young Je Park) 한국수산과학회 1999 한국수산과학회지 Vol.32 No.3
The experiment was carried out in a 10ℓ vessel in order to evaluate the growth and nutritional quality of rotifer, Brachionus rotundiformis fed by different diets(Freshwater Chlorella, Marine Chlorella and ω-yeast) for the high density cultivation. The maximum, densities for the rotifer fed on the marine Chlorella, freshwater Chlorella and ω-yeast were 10,900∼12,400, 9,190∼10,600 and 2,390∼2,750 inds./㎖, respectively. Therefore the maximum densities for the rotifer fed on the marine Chlorella and freshwater Chlorella were highter than that for rotifer fed rotifer fed on the ω-yeast. The essential n-3 highly unsaturated fatty acid in rotifer fed on the marine Chlorella was 8.71% which was slightly lower than that in rotifer fed on the ω-yeast, 9.14%, while it was highter than that in the rotifer fed on freshwater Chlorella, 4.45%. This result indicated that marine Chlorella could be appropriate diet for the high density cultivation of rotifer.
동해 중부연안 벌레문치(Lycodes tanakae)의 식성
최영민 ( Young Min Choi ),윤병선 ( Byoung Sun Yoon ),김효선 ( Hyo Seon Kim ),박정호 ( Jeong Ho Park ),박기영 ( Kie Young Park ),이재봉 ( Jae Bong Lee ),양재형 ( Jae Hyeong Yang ),손명호 ( Myoung Ho Sohn ) 한국수산과학회 2013 한국수산과학회지 Vol.46 No.6
To determine the status of sunfish fishery, fishing places, body size, weight, etc. were investigated from 2010 to 2012 in Busan Cooperative Fish Market. Most of the sunfish were caught by large purse seine around Jeju island, and the fishing ground of sunfish were reached from Heuksando in the southern Yellow Sea to Guryongpo in the southern East Sea. The range of total length (TL)of the sunfish caught by purse seine was 55-271 cm, and the estimated length-weight relationship was BW = 8E-06TL3.3797. From the relationship, the weight of 50 cm in total length was estimated to be ca. 4 kg, TL 100 cm was ca 46 kg, TL 200 cm was ca 478kg, and TL 271 cm was estimated to be 1,336 kg.
동해 강원연안 홍가자미(Hippoglossoides dubius)의 성숙과 산란
최영민 ( Young Min Choi ),윤병선 ( Byoung Sun Yoon ),박정호 ( Jeong Ho Park ),박기영 ( Kie Young Park ),손명호 ( Myoung Ho Sohn ),이재봉 ( Jae Bong Lee ),김재원 ( Jae Won Kim ) 한국수산과학회 2013 한국수산과학회지 Vol.46 No.6
Flathead flounder Hippoglossoides dubius is a commercially important fish in the coastal waters of Gangwon Province, which is its spawning ground and breeding habitat. A total of 1,669 gonads were sampled monthly from February 2011 to May 2013 to investigate ecological characteristics, such as variations in maturation and spawning by gonad index, visual maturity stage, histological observations and oocyte diameter. Males were numerically dominant over females in the fishing grounds year round. The spawning season was from January to April, and the peak was from February to March. Oocyte number as a measure of fecundity was between 27,372 and 915,209 eggs with a length range of 26.0-48.7 cm TL, while the largest oocyte grew to 0.9-1.4mm in egg diameter during its spawning season. The relationship between fecundity and total length was F=0.0016TL5.2539. The smallest mature lengths of the females and males were 28.4 and 22.6 cm respectively, and the 50% mature lengths of females and males were 32.9, 26.9 cm respectively.