Prevalence of Enterobius vermicularis among Children in Iran: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

Mahmood Moosazadeh,Ghasem Abedi,Mahdi Afshari,Seif Ali Mahdavi,Fereshteh Farshidi,Elham Kheradmand 질병관리본부 2017 Osong Public Health and Research Persptectives Vol.8 No.2

Objectives: Enterobius vermicularis is a parasitic disease that is common in crowded areas such as schools and kindergartens. Primary investigations of electronic evidence have reported different prevalences of E. vermicularis in Iran. Therefore, we aimed to estimate the total prevalence of this infection among Iranian children using a meta-analysis. Methods: Relevant studies were identified in national and international databases. We selected eligible papers for meta-analysis after investigating titles, abstracts, and full texts; assessing study quality; and applying inclusion/exclusion criteria. Data were extracted by two independent researchers. The results were combined using a random effects model in Stata v. 11 software. Results: Among 19 eligible articles including 11,676 participants, the prevalences of E. vermicularis among all children, boys, and girls were 1.2%–66.1%, 2.3%–65.5%, and 1.7%–65.5%, respectively. Pooled prevalences (95% confidence interval) of E. vermicularis among all children, boys, and girls were 17.2% (12.6%–21.8%), 17.2% (12.6%–21.8%), and 16.9% (9.03%–24.8%), respectively. Conclusion: This meta-analysis showed that a great majority of Iranian children are infected with E. vermicularis, possibly due to poor public health.

Enrolment Phase Results of the Tabari Cohort Study: Comparing Family History, Lipids and Anthropometric Profiles Among Diabetic Patients

Mahmood Moosazadeh,Mohammad Khademloo,Kaveh Jafari,Motahareh Kheradmand,Zahra Kashi,Mohsen Aarabi,Adeleh Bahar,Mahdi Afshari 질병관리본부 2019 Osong Public Health and Research Persptectives Vol.10 No.5

Objectives: Different factors are responsible for the silent epidemic of diabetes mellitus in developing and developed countries. This study aimed to determine the role of demographic factors, lipid profile, family history (the estimation of genetic association) and anthropometric factors on diabetes onset. Methods: Data from the enrolment phase of the Tabari Cohort study was applied for this study and included 10,255 participants aged between 35-70 years. Anthropometric variables were measured by trained staff using standard tools. Blood specimens were collected for lipid profile and blood glucose measurements. Data analyses were performed using SPSS version 24, with univariate and multivariate logistic regression. Results: The prevalence of diabetes mellitus was estimated to be 17.2% in the cohort population, 15.6% in men, and 18.3% in women. The adjusted odds ratios (95% confidence intervals) for age groups 40- 49, 50-59 and over 60 were 2.58 (2.20-3.69), 5.80 (4.51-7.48) and 8.72 (6.67-11.39), respectively. In addition, the odds ratios (95% confidence intervals) for 2 (or more), and 1 affected family member were 4.12 (3.55-4.90) and 2.34 (2.07-2.65), respectively. Triglyceride concentrations more than 500, and abnormal high-density lipoprotein levels increased the odds of diabetes mellitus by 3.29- and 1.18- fold, respectively. Conclusion: The current study showed that old age and a family history were strong predictors for diabetes mellitus.

Epidemiological and Clinical Features of People with Malta Fever in Iran: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Mahmood Moosazadeh,Roja Nikaeen,Ghasem Abedi,Motahareh Kheradmand,Saeid Safiri 질병관리본부 2016 Osong Public Health and Research Persptectives Vol.7 No.3

Objectives: Numerous studies have reported the epidemiological and clinical features of Malta fever incidence in Iran. Review and synthesis of the related literature through meta-analysis can provide an appropriate measurement for aforementioned indices. Therefore, the present study aimed to determine the epidemiological and clinical features of people with Malta fever in Iran. Methods: The required documents were obtained through searching national and international databases. In each study, standard deviation of the indices was calculated using binomial distribution formulas. Finally, the heterogeneity index was determined between studies using Cochran (Q) and I2 tests. Results: Combining the results of 47 articles in the meta-analysis indicated that 57.6% (55.02-60.1%) and 42.3% (49.8-44.9%) of the patients were male and female, respectively. Most of the patients lived in rural areas; 68.4% (63.6 -73.2%) compared to 31.4% (26.7-36.3%). In addition, 20.8% (17.4-24.2%) of the patients were ranchers and farmers, 16.9% (14.5-19.4%) were students, and 31.6% (27-36.2%) were housewives. Of the patients studies, 50.5% (35.6-65.2%) experienced contact with animals and 57.1% (46.4-67.9%) used unpasteurized dairy products. Fever, joint pain, and sweating were detected among 65.7% (53.7 -77.8%) and 55.3% (44.4-66.2%), respectively. Conclusion: The present study revealed that the frequency of male patients with brucellosis was considerably more than that of female patients. The number of patients with Malta fever in rural areas was significantly more than in urban areas. High-risk behavior, unprotected contact with animals, and using unpasteurized dairy products were among the most significant factors affecting Malta fever incidence in Iran. Fever, joint pain, and sweating were detected among most of the patients with Malta fever.

Prevalence of Head Lice Infestation and Its Associated Factors among Primary School Students in Iran: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

Mahmood Moosazadeh,Mahdi Afshari,Hormoz Keianian,Asghar Nezammahalleh,Ahmad Ali Enayati 질병관리본부 2015 Osong Public Health and Research Persptectives Vol.6 No.6

Objectives: Head lice infestation is one of the most important health problems, generally involving children aged 5-13 years. This study aims to estimate the prevalence of head lice infestation and its associated factors among primary school children using systematic review and meta-analysis methods. Methods: Different national and international databases were searched for selecting the relevant studies using appropriate keywords, Medical Subject Heading terms, and references. Relevant studies with acceptable quality for meta-analysis were selected having excluded duplicate and irrelevant articles, quality assessment, and application of inclusion/exclusion criteria. With calculating standard errors according to binomial distribution and also considering the Cochrane’s Q test as well as I-squared index for heterogeneity, pediculosis prevalence rate was estimated using Stata SE V.11 software. Results: Forty studies met the inclusion criteria of this review and entered into the meta-analysis including 200,306 individuals. Using a random effect model, the prevalence (95% confidence interval) of head lice infestation among primary school children was estimated as 1.6% (1.2-2.05), 8.8% (7.6-9.9), and 7.4% (6.6-8.2) for boys, girls, and all the students, respectively. The infestation rate was found to be associated with low educational level of parents, long hair, family size, mother’s job (housewife), father’s job (worker/unemployed), using a common comb, lack of bathrooms in the house, and a low frequency of bathing. Conclusion: This meta-analysis revealed that the prevalence of head lice infestation among Iranian primary school children is relatively high with more prevalence among girls. We also found that economic, social, cultural, behavioral, and hygienic factors are associated with this infestation.

Determining the Prevalence of Retinopathy and Its Related Factors among Patients with Type 2 Diabetes in Kerman, Iran

Reza Valizadeh,Mahmood Moosazadeh,Kambiz Bahaadini,Leila Vali,Tahereh Lashkari,Mohammadreza Amiresmaili 질병관리본부 2016 Osong Public Health and Research Persptectives Vol.7 No.5

Objectives: To determine the prevalence of retinopathy and its associated factors in diabetic patients referred to a diabetes center in an Iranian city. Methods: This was a cross-sectional, descriptive-analytical study in which a researcher-made checklist was used to collect the data of patients with type 2 diabetes in 2015. The statistical population consisted of 11,770 health records of diabetic patients registered in a second-level diabetes center. Of the 11,770 health records, 206 records with the most complete data about patients with type 2 diabetes were selected through census method. Chi-square test and logistic regression through SPSS were used for data analysis. Results: In this study, 93/206 diabetic patients (45.1%) had retinopathy. Female sex, age over 60, lower education level, being housewife, family history of having diabetes, longer years of having the disease, and higher level of hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) were associated with higher risk of retinopathy. However, the association was statistically significant only for the HbA1c level (p ≥ 0.05). Conclusion: According to this study, HbA1c level is a predictor of diabetes complications. Therefore, it is necessary for health authorities to improve diabetes management through different strategies to prevent complications to control blood sugar effectively.

Association between blood pressure and parameters related to sleep disorders in Tabari cohort population

Maryam Rezapour,Mahmood Moosazadeh,Amirhossein Hessami,Mohammad Khademloo,Seyed Hamzeh Hosseini 대한고혈압학회 2022 Clinical Hypertension Vol.28 No.-

Insomnia and other sleep disorders can cause an increase in blood pressure, thereby resulting in premature death. Regarding this, the present study was conducted to investigate the relationship between hypertension and parameters related to sleep disorders in Tabari cohort population.In this cross-sectional study, the data from the enrollment phase of the Tabari cohort study were adopted. Tabari cohort is a part of the PERSIAN (Prospective Epidemiological Research Studies in Iran) cohort study. Data analysis was performed using descriptive and inferential statistics. Out of 10,255 patients enrolled in the Tabari cohort, 2,281 patients (22.2%) had hypertension. According to the results of univariable logistic regression test, the odds ratio of high blood pressure in patients with insomnia and hypersomnia is 1.22 (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.06–1.40) and 1.22 (95% CI, 1.01–1.47) times higher than normal sleep. This odds ratio was not significant after adjusting the effect of sex, age, body mass index, waist circumference, area residence, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, triglyceride, and total cholesterol variables with multivariable logistic regression. Frequency of routine hypnotic medication usage (14.6% vs. 5.7%, P < 0.001), involuntary napping (25.3% vs. 19%, P < 0.001), and leg restlessness during sleep (14.8% vs. 11.7%, P < 0.001) was higher in hypertensive individuals than in nonhypertensive cases. This study showed that sleep disorders prevalence are higher in hypertensive patients than nonhypertensive patients. Also, routine use of hypnotics was significantly higher medication in patients with hypertension compared to that in the nonhypertensive patients.

Age of Natural Menopause and Related Factors among the Tabari Cohort

Marzieh Zamaniyan,Mahmood Moosazadeh,Sepideh Peyvandi,Kaveh Jaefari,Reza Goudarzi,Mahdi Moradinazar,Motahareh Kheradmand 대한폐경학회 2020 대한폐경학회지 Vol.26 No.1

Objectives: The age of menopause is affected by several factors. In this study we aimed to identify the age of natural menopause and its related factors in a large-scale population-based cohort in Iran. Methods: In this study, a subset of data collected during the enrollment phase of the Tabari cohort study was utilized. Reproductive history and other related data were collected using a structured questionnaire. Blood samples were obtained from all participants. Data were analyzed using chi-square test, independent t test, and ANOVA as well as a multivariate linear regression model. Results: Among participants of the Tabari cohort, 2,753 were menopausal women. The mean age of natural and induced menopause was 49.2 ± 4.7 and 43.2 ± 6.4 years, respectively (P = 0.001). The number of pregnancies, duration of breastfeeding, level of education, residency, presence of thyroid disease, and body mass index affected the age of menopause. After adjustments for confounding variables, the number of pregnancies remained significantly associated with late menopause. Conclusions: The age of natural menopause in this study was similar to that in other studies, and the number of pregnancies was positively associated with the age of menopause after adjustments for confounding variables.

Comparing Two Methods of Cryotherapy and Intense Pulsed Light with Triamcinolone Injection in the Treatment of Keloid and Hypertrophic Scars: A Clinical Trial

Simin Shamsi Meymandi,Mahmood Moosazadeh,Azadeh Rezazadeh 질병관리본부 2016 Osong Public Health and Research Persptectives Vol.7 No.5

Objectives: Keloid and hypertrophic scars are abnormal manifestations of wounds that occur following skin injuries in the form of local proliferation of fibroblasts and increased production of collagen. There are several ways to cure these scars; treatment must be selected based on the nature of the scars. In this clinical trial, two methods-cryotherapy and intense pulsed light (IPL)-are compared in the treatment of scars, and the results are presented in terms of improvement level, complications, and patient satisfaction. Methods: This clinical trial was conducted in southeastern Iran. The intervention group included scars that underwent the IPL method and the control group, which consisted of scars that were subjected to cryotherapy. In both methods, intralesional corticosteroid injection was administered. To select samples, the easy sampling method was used. To determine the expected outcomes, the criteria determined in the Vancouver scar scale were used. Data were analyzed using the Mix Model, chi-square test, and t test. Results: In this study, 166 samples of keloid and hypertrophic scars were cured using two methods (Cryotherapy, 83; IPL, 83). The recovery rate was higher in the Cryotherapy group than in the IPL group (p > 0.05), and the incidence of complications was also higher in the Cryotherapy group (14.5% vs. 12%). Moreover, patients were more satisfied, although not significantly so, with the cryotherapy method (p = 0.09). Conclusion: Both methods were highly successful in curing scars; participants were totally satisfied with both methods.

Survival Rate of Breast Cancer in Iran: A Meta-Analysis

Abedi, Ghasem,Janbabai, Ghasem,Moosazadeh, Mahmood,Farshidi, Fereshte,Amiri, Mohammad,Khosravi, Ahmad Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2016 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.17 No.10

Background: There has not been a general estimation about survival rates of breast cancer cases in Iran. Therefore, the present study aimed to assess survival using a meta-analysis. Materials and Methods: International credible databases such as Scopus, Web of Science, PubMed, Science direct and Google Scholar and Iranian databases such as Magiran, Irandoc and SID, from 1997 to 2015 were searched. All articles covering survival rate of breast cancer were entered into the study without any limits. Quality assessment of the articles and data extraction were performed by two researchers using the modified STROBE checklist, which includes 12 questions. Articles with scores greater than 8 were included in the analysis. A limitation of this meta-analysis was different methods for presenting of results in the papers surveyed. Results: A total of 21 articles with a sample of 12,195 people were analyzed. The one-year, three-year, five-year and ten-year survival rates of breast cancer in Iran were estimated to be 95.8% (94.6-97.0), 82.4% (79.0-85.8), 69.5% (64.5-74.5), 58.1% (39.6-76.6), respectively. The most important factors affecting survival of breast cancer were age, number of lymph nodes involved, size of the tumor and the stage of the disease. Conclusion: The five- and ten- year survival rates in Iran are lower than in developed countries. Conducting breast cancer screening plan support (including regular clinical examination, mammography), public training and raising awareness should be helpful in facilitating early diagnosis and increasing survival rates for Iranian women.

Comparing Seasonal Pattern of Laboratory Confirmed Cases of Pertussis with Clinically Suspected Cases

Golam Reza Ghorbani,Seyed Mohsen Zahraei,Mahmood Moosazadeh,Mahdi Afshari,Fahimeh Doosti 질병관리본부 2016 Osong Public Health and Research Persptectives Vol.7 No.2

Objectives: During recent decades, there has been limited attention on the seasonal pattern of pertussis within a high vaccine coverage population. This study aimed to compare the seasonal patterns of clinical suspected pertussis cases with those of laboratory confirmed cases in Iran. Methods: The current study was conducted using time series methods. Time variables included months and seasons during 2011-2013. The effects of seasons and months on the incidence of pertussis were estimated using analysis of variance or Kruskal-Wallis. Results: The maximum average incidence of clinically confirmed pertussis was 23.3 in July (p = 0.04), but the maximum incidence of clinical suspected pertussis was 115.7 in May (p = 0.6). The maximum seasonal incidences of confirmed and clinical pertussis cases were reported in summer (average: 12, p = 0.004), and winter (average: 108.1; p = 0.4), respectively. Conclusion: The present study showed that the seasonal pattern of laboratory confirmed pertussis cases is highly definite and different from the pattern of clinical suspected cases.