성인여성용 브래지어 원형 개발연구 (제2보) : 패턴그레이딩을 중심으로 Focusing on Pattern Grading

박은미,손희순 한국의류학회 2002 한국의류학회지 Vol.26 No.6

The purpose of this study was to develop grading method of the basic brassiere patterns therewith, provide for 12 size's brassiere patterns and prove fitness of their's and shape. The collected data were statistically processed using the SAS 6.12 for Means, Standard Deviation, etc. The results of this study can be summarized as follows; 1. The basic sizes adopted at the first design stage (see fig. 1-2) were 75AA, 75A and 75B each of which was designed as upper foundation basic pattern in reference to the cup size. At the second stage, each of the upper body foundation basic pattern was used to design lower cup, upper cup, front panel and wing in their order(see fig. 3-6). At the third stage, the other sizes were graded in reference to the three brassiere patterns (75AA, 75A and 75B) to produce 12 brassiere sizes(see Tab. 7-8). In order to develop the basic patterns of adult women s brassieres, 33 women were selected per 11 size combination(3 women per size combination), and then, their brassiere fitting was tested. As a result, the fronts of the basic patterns were found to have such problems as undone front center, poor levelling of upper cup's bottom line or lower cup's top line, poor shape of upper cup's outside top line and shoulder strip position. On the other hand, on the rear side of the basic patterns, the central part of the wing was slightly lifted, while the wing width and straps' interval did not befit the full-cup brassiere. The result of this first brassiere fitting test showed that the functionality and aesthetics of the basic pattern brassieres were more or less satisfactory, and thus, the problems were addressed for the second test. In the second test, the aesthetics, breast-shaping effect and functionality of the basic pattern brassieres were much improved. 2. We were to present the final brassiere sizing system<see tab. 3> to extend the interior length of breast and the exterior length of breast on the basis of fitting test. Thereby, 75B·80A·80B·85A·85B's the interior lengths of breast were enlarged to 0.7cm, the rest size was enlarged to 0.5cm and the exterior length of breast was enlarged to 0.5cm regardless of sizes. 3. The upper foundation basic patterns of 75AA and 75B were presented <fig. 1> and <fig. 2> and the basic brassiere pattern and grading pattern were presented through <fig. 3> to<fig. 8>.

입체 재단과 평면 재단 방식의 토루소 원형 비교 -유방 크기 75A와 75D를 중심으로-

윤지현,박길순 복식문화학회 2010 服飾文化硏究 Vol.18 No.5

The purpose of this study was to compare torso pattern made by draping and flat pattern method in terms of the size of breast. The size of this study was classified as 75A and 75D according to the size of breast. Each torso pattern by the combination of the size and pattern method was compared and analyzed. In order to test the fit of the draping and flat pattern that was developed according to the size of breast, the outer appearance was evaluated. The results of the study were as follows: First, The most striking size difference was difference between the front and the back on bust line level, which decides on position of the side seam in comparison of size between draping and flat pattern of 75A and 75D. In the flat pattern, the difference between the front and the back in the size of breast was consistent regardless of a change in the size of breast. However, in the draping, the bigger breast led to the bigger difference between the front and the back on bustline level. Second, the flat pattern in 75D was evaluated to be the worst in 27 items among total 46 items for the evaluation of outer appearance in the draping and flat pattern of 75A and 75D. Third, regardless of size, the draping was evaluated to be more suitable in the areas related to neck, arm hole, and waist dart than the flat pattern. These results are suggesting that the draping is a method of reflecting characteristic of the body type more accurately than the flat pattern, and that the draping is a more suitable method than the flat pattern for the design of clothing pattern of the body type with big breast like 75D.

Patterning the size and number of tooth and its cusps

Cai, Jinglei,Cho, Sung-Won,Kim, Jae-Young,Lee, Min-Jung,Cha, Yoon-Geun,Jung, Han-Sung Elsevier 2007 Developmental Biology Vol.304 No.2

<P><B>Abstract</B></P><P>Mice and rats, two species of rodents, show some dental similarities such as tooth number and cusp number, and differences such as tooth size and cusp size. In this study, the tooth size, tooth number, cusp size and cusp number, which are four major factors of the tooth patterning, were investigated by the heterospecific recombinations of tissues from the molar tooth germs of mice and rats. Our results suggest that the dental epithelium and mesenchyme determine the cusp size and tooth size respectively and the cusp number is co-regulated by the tooth size and cusp size. It is also suggested that the mesenchymal cell number regulates not the tooth size but the tooth number. The relationships among these factors in tooth patterning including micropatterning (cusp size and cusp number) and macropatterning (tooth size and tooth number) were analyzed in a reaction diffusion mechanism. Key molecules determining the patterning of teeth remains to be elucidated for controlling the tooth size and cusp size of bioengineered tooth.</P>

3차원 가상 착의 시스템을 이용한 여자 청소년용 길 원형 맞음새 연구

김도경 ( Doh Kyung Kim ),천종숙 ( Jong Suk Chun ) 대한가정학회 2016 Human Ecology Research(HER) Vol.54 No.3

This research predicted the fit of the basic bodice patterns worn on adolescent girls’ 3-dimensional scanned bodies. Six 3-dimensional scanned bodies were selected from the sixth Size Korea data. Each of them had good body posture and represented one of the three garment sizes: 79-160, 82-160, and 85-160. Experimental basic bodice patterns were drafted by three basic bodice pattern making methods. The fit of the basic bodice pattern was analyzed by the CLO 3D virtual clothing system. The results showed that the experimental basic bodice patterns did not fit well at the neck, shoulder, and back for adolescent girls. The fit of the basic bodice patterns varied by pattern making method or size. The basic bodice pattern A with the waist darts ending above the breast line showed the best fit among the three different types of experimental pattern. Among the three sizes 79-160, 82-160, and 85- 120, size 79-160 basic bodice pattern showed the worst fit for adolescent girls. The results show that the placement and size of the bodice darts affect the basic bodice pattern fit. The basic bodice pattern making method of size 79- 160 for adolescent girls should be studied in a future study.

남성 정장 바지원형 설계에 관한 연구

이정란,백경자 한국의류학회 2001 한국의류학회지 Vol.25 No.8

The purpose of this study was to establish a sizing system according to size and dimension whereby manufactured pants can be classified and develop men's formal pants pattern based on the analysis of ready-made and educational pants pattern. The first, we surveyed the sizing systems and the basic pants patterns of the men's ready-made wear companies. Secondly, through the survey data of the domestic men's ready-made clothing industry, we proposed a new sizing system. Lastly, after compared three different types of ready-made pants manufactured according to their patterns and an additional type of pants made after the educational pattern, the new men's basic pants pattern were developed. The findings were as follows: 1. Survey of the domestic ready-made garment industry showed that each company classified its own manufactured goods according to its own sizing system; moreover, they each used its own unique patterns which appeared to be resulted from a combination of two factors: the experience of a patterner and foreign know-how technology. 2. New sizing system was developed with 12 steps from size 74-88 to size 96-106 based on the high frequencies of the companies' . 3. New basic patterns for men's formal pants were developed: Inseam length = 80cm, crotch line = H/4+4.6cm, pants ham = 23.5cm as basic lines and front waist girth = W/4+9.1cm as drafting line. 4. The superiority of the new basic patterns were been demonstrated by a high approval rate of the subjects who participated in testing.

유방암 환자 중년여성용 래쉬가드 수영복 사이즈체계 및 패턴 개발

한현숙,손부현 한국컴퓨터정보학회 2020 韓國컴퓨터情報學會論文誌 Vol.25 No.6

본 연구에서는 유방암 환자를 위한 중년여성용 래쉬가드 수영복의 치수체계와 패턴을 제안하였다. 첫째, 유방암 환자가 선호하는 수영복 디자인을 선정하기 위해서 37명의 유방암 환자를 대상으로 한설문조사를 통해 가슴이 두드러지지 않고 노출이 적은 래쉬가드의 수영복이 디자인되었으며, 이는캡이 삽입되기 쉽고 캡이 고정되는 주머니 형태를 갖고 있다. 둘째는, 유방암 환자용 수영복을 위한치수체계를 개발하였다. 이를 위해 대표사이즈를 젖가슴둘레, 엉덩이둘레, 몸통세로둘레로 정하고, 30~69세의 여성 1625명에 대한 사이즈 코리아의 직접 측정 데이터를 사용하여 교차분석을 실시하였다. 이를 통해 3차원 각 셀의 출현율을 기반으로 유방암 환자 수영복을 위한 17개의 사이즈를 설정하였으며, 중심사이즈를 젖가슴둘레 90cm-엉덩이둘레 95cm-몸통 세로둘레 150cm로 정하였다. 셋째는, 유방암 환자용 수영복 중심사이즈 패턴 개발을 하였다, 이를 위해 먼저 1차 중심사이즈 패턴을 제작하고, 그 후 2차, 3차 수정을 거쳐 패턴을 완성하였다. 각 패턴제작 단계마다 실험의를 제작하여 착용피트성 및 동작적합성 평가를 실시함으로써 최적의 패턴제작을 위한 각 치수항목의 축소율을 구했으며, 이를 반영하여 유방암 환자용 래쉬가드 수영복 패턴을 개발하였다. In this paper, we proposed the dimensional system and pattern of middle-aged women's rashguard swimwear for breast cancer patients. First, a survey of 37 breast cancer patients was conducted to determine the preferred swimsuit design for breast cancer patients. According to a survey of breast cancer patients, a rashguard swimwear with a low-exposure chest was designed. It has a pocket shape in which the cap is easy to insert and the cap is fixed. Second, we developed a dimensional system for swimsuits for breast cancer patients. Using direct measurement data from Size Korea for 1,625 women aged 30 to 69, 17-sizes for breast cancer patient’s swimsuits were set through cross-analysis of major dimensions, with a coverage rate of 74.3%. It also extracted a standard size of bust circ. 90cm, hip circ. 95cm, and trunk circ. 150cm. Third, we developed a pattern for the central size of the swimsuit for breast cancer patients. For this purpose, we first produced the first central size pattern, and then completed the pattern after modifying it through the second and third wearing experiments. Experimental suits were produced at each pattern-making stage to evaluate wearing fit and motion suitability. Finally, the reduction rate of each dimension item for optimal pattern production was obtained, and the lashguard swimwear pattern for breast cancer patients was developed.

원형치수 계산도구에 의한 바디스 원형 평가 연구

홍지운 ( Jiun Hong ),권숙희 ( Sookhee Kwon ) 대한가정학회 2016 Human Ecology Research(HER) Vol.54 No.4

This study uses comparison tests of bodice basic patterns to research improvements in wearing evaluation methods based on differences in bodice basic patterns and body size. As study methods, we calculated body sizes for six types by selecting four types of bodice basic pattern and utilized bodice basic pattern size measurement tools. The study result are as follows. First, as the result of analyzing bodice basic patterns per each part and body size difference by bodice basic pattern size measurement tool, shoulder angle cover rate was J&K type 57.57%~68.41%, N type 53.13%~65.57%, L type 51.87%~63.73%, and H type 59.03%~68.20%. In the item of neck base circumference, it was J&K type 6.4~-16 mm, N type 10.7~-31.9 mm, L type -5.2~-13.4 mm, and H type -6.2~-15.4 mm. In the item of armscye circumference, it was J&K type -18.9~-59.4 mm, N type -15.2~-51.3 mm, L type -38.9~-52.7 mm, and H type -17~-42.2 mm. In the item of biacromion length, it was J&K type 23.2~-4.7 mm, N type 18.4~-10.4 mm, and H type 3.5~-5.7 mm. In the item of interscye back, it was J&K type and N type 17.6~-13.6 mm, L type 11.9~- 13.6 mm, and H type 3.2~-11.8 mm. The item of interscye front was found in the sequences of study type and L type. Second, the Kruskal-Wallis test result (according to bodice basic pattern) indicated meaningful differences in items of shoulder angle cover rate, neck point to breast point, bust point-bust point, biacromion length and armscye circumference and H type had an overall higher rank.

Impact of Nodule Size on Malignancy Risk Differs according to the Ultrasonography Pattern of Thyroid Nodules

홍민지,나동규,백정환,성진용,김지훈 대한영상의학회 2018 Korean Journal of Radiology Vol.19 No.3

Objective: To test whether the impact of thyroid-nodule size on the malignancy risk differs according to the ultrasonography (US) patterns of nodules. Materials and Methods: This study is a post hoc analysis using data from the Thyroid Imaging Reporting and Data System (TIRADS) multicenter retrospective study which included 2000 consecutive thyroid nodules (≥ 1 cm) with final diagnoses. A total of 2000 consecutive thyroid nodules from 1802 patients (1387 women and 613 men; mean age, 51.2 ± 12.2 years) were enrolled in this study. The malignancy risk of the nodules was assessed according to the nodule size and US patterns (Korean-TIRADS). Results: Overall, the malignancy risk did not increase as nodules enlarged. In high-suspicion nodules, the malignancy rate had no association with nodule size (p = 0.467), whereas in intermediate- or low-suspicion nodules there was a trend toward an increasing malignancy risk as the nodule size increased (p = 0.004 and 0.002, respectively). The malignancy rate of large nodules (≥ 3 cm) was higher than that of small nodules (< 3 cm) in intermediate-suspicion nodules (40.3% vs. 22.6%, respectively; p = 0.001) and low-suspicion nodules (11.3% vs. 7.0%, respectively; p = 0.035). There was a trend toward a decreasing risk and proportion of papillary carcinoma and an increasing risk and proportion of follicular carcinoma or other malignant tumors as nodule size increased (p < 0.001, respectively). Conclusion: The impact of nodule size on the malignancy risk differed according to the US pattern. A large nodule size (≥ 3 cm) showed a higher malignancy risk than smaller nodules in intermediate- and low-suspicion nodules.

Relationship of hair regrowth pattern in alopecia areata according to DIMT classification with treatment modalities and patch size

( Hanil Lee ),( Solam Lee ),( Jong Won Lee ),( Sang Hoon Lee ),( Won-soo Lee ) 대한피부과학회 2019 대한피부과학회 학술발표대회집 Vol.71 No.2

Background: The morphology of hair regrowth in alopecia areata (AA) patches could be classified into four types, namely diffuse (d), irregular (i), marginal (m), and targetoid (t) patterns, according to the DIMT classification. However, factors affecting hair regrowth patterns have not been investigated. Objectives: Investigate whether the hair regrowth pattern in AA patches according to the DIMT classification is associated with the treatment modality used on the patches and their size. Methods: We retrospectively analyzed 152 AA patches with hair regrowth. The treatment modalities were classified into four types as follows: topical corticosteroid (TSC), diphenylcyclopropenone contact immunotherapy (DPCP), systemic and topical corticosteroid (SCS), and triamcinolone intralesional injection (TA ILI). The AA patches were classified into two groups according to sizes of ≤2 and >2 cm. Results: A total of 152 hair regrown AA patches were analyzed. The associations between the diffuse pattern and patch sizes of>2cm (OR: 0.36, 95% CI: 0.17-0.74), between the irregular pattern and triamcinolone intralesional injection (OR: 274.87, 95% CI: 25.75- 2933.56), between the marginal pattern and systemic corticosteroids (OR: 4.89, 95% CI: 1.31-18.27), and between the targetoid pattern and patch sizes of >2 cm (OR: 2.50, 95% CI: 1.10-5.68) showed statistical significance. Conclusion: Treatment modalities and sizes of AA patches are the factors that affect hair regrowth patterns in AA patches.

성인여성용 브래지어원형 개발 연구 (제1보) : 75A 치수를 중심으로 focusing on size 75A

박은미,손희순 한국의류학회 2001 한국의류학회지 Vol.25 No.4

The purpose of this study is to develop the basic patterns of adult women's brassiere therewith, provide for some basic data useful to the brassiere manufacturing which are both functional and fitting. For this purpose, 220 adults women(aged between 20 and 59) were sampled to be measured for their body sizes and tested for their brassiere wearing. The collected data were statistically processed using the SAS 6.12 for Means, Standard Deviation, etc. The results of this study can be summarized as follows; 1. In order to develop the basic patterns of adult women's brassieres, 75A size was selected out of 12 size combination(3 women per 75A size) and then, their brassiere fitting was tested. As a result, the fronts of the basic patterns were found to have such problems as undone front center, poor levelling of upper cup's bottom line or lower cup's top line, poor shape of upper cup's outside top line and shoulder strip position. On the other hand, on the rear side of the basic patterns, the central part of the wing was slightly lifted, while the wing width and straps interval did not befit the full-cup brassiere. The result of this first brassiere fitting test showed that the functionality and aesthetics of the basic pattern brassieres were more or less satisfactory, and thus, the problems were address for the second test. In the second test, the aesthetics, breast-shaping effect and functionality of the basic pattern brassieres were much improved. 2. The basic patterns of adult women's brassieres were characterized by a round cup wired as well as a full cup embracing the entire breasts. Each basic pattern which consisted of upper and lower cups was shaped "straight(-)". The basic sizes adopted at the first design stage (see fig. 1-2) was 75A of which was designed as upper foundation basic pattern. At the second stage, the upper body foundation pattern were used to design lower cup, upper cup, front panel and wing in their order.(see fig. 3-5, fig. 8)