사례관리 대상노인의 미충족 욕구사정

정순둘(Soon dool Chung) 한국노년학회 2003 한국노년학 Vol.23 No.4

The purposes of this research were: (1) to apply the Camberwell Assessment of Need to the Elderly, (2) to identify unmet needs for the elderly, (3) to verify the support systems which provide support to the elderly. The Camberwell Assessment of Need(CAN) is a new instrument which has designed to provide a comprehensive assessment of needs. Elderly people for case management service were interviewed, using Camberwell Assessment Need (CAN), to assess reliability and validity. The study shows that the CAN is a valid and reliable instrument for assessing the needs of elderly people with complex problems. It is easy to administer and a complete assessment took, on average, 25 minutes. Most of needs such as alcohol problem, sexual expression, grandchild care, drugs, occupation, telephone, education, intimate relationship, household skills were not identified as serious unmet needs. The needs which had met or partially met were welfare benefits, information about treatment, food, money, etc.. Needs who receive physical health, transport, psychological distress, money were identified as serious unmet needs. This study needs to be supplemented by further study in order to fully explore the qualities of the instrument. 본 연구의 목적은 기억력 통제 등의 문제로 노인의 욕구를 파악하기 어려운 문제에 대처하기 위해 CAN의 도구를 활용해 노인의 욕구충족도를 파악함은 물론 미충족 욕구까지를 간단하게 파악하여 노인의 욕구사정 도구로서의 활용가능성을 탐색적으로 검토하는데 있다. 연구대상은 사례관리 대상노인이며, 사회복지학과 학생들의 면접에 의해 자료수집이 이루어졌다. 연구분석결과 CAN은 신뢰도와 타당도를 가지고 있는 것으로 분석되었으며, 기억력이 분명하지 않은 노인에게도 사용이 가능한 것으로 입증되었다. 음주문제, 성적관심, 손자녀 양육, 약물복용문제, 취업, 주거마련, 전화, 기초적 교육, 친한 관계, 가정일 돌보기 등에 대한 요구는 심각하지 않은 것으로 나타났다. 복지급여해택, 치료나 기관에 대한 정보, 음식 또는 식사, 돈 등은 부분적으로 욕구가 충족된 것으로 나타났다. 대상노인들의 미충족 욕구는 신체적 건강, 교통수단, 정신적 건강 및 정서적 문제, 돈 등으로 나타났다. 도구에 대한 보완 및 추가적인 연구가 요청된다.

시각장애인을 위한 의료서비스 필요측정도구 개발 및 적용

이진용,문남주,박종화,은상준,김현주,김윤 한국시각장애교육&재활학회 2013 시각장애연구 Vol.29 No.2

This study aims to develop the health needs assessment tool for the visually impaired persons and to apply it to assess the health needs of the disabled dwelling in Seoul, Korea. This study used consensus methods to develop health needs assessment tools. First of all, panel was composed. It was consisted of six ophthalmologists who had an experience in medical practice more than 10 years and low vision therapy. One specialist was chosen in the panel to make a draft of health needs assessment tools composed of four main categories: medical intervention and operation, assistive devices, rehabilitation therapy, and regular follow-up. The drafts were reviewed by each of panel members respectively and discussed openly by consensus meetings, letters, and telephone conversations. Each panel member repeated the consensus process until they reached agreement on health needs assessment tools for the visually impaired persons. Using randomized stratified systematic sampling method for adjusting sex, age, and districts, 311 registered persons with disabilities who lived in Seoul were chosen and medical specialists investigated all subjects with the developed tools. The results are as follows;First, the panel developed health needs assessment tool. It was composed of 2 parts: flow charts for understanding tool and assessment standards consisted of 4 main categories. Second, there was a significant level of unmet need in all 4 categories of the medical intervention and operation(unmet need: 54.5%), assistive devices(55.6%), rehabilitation therapy(85.0%), and regular follow-ups(63.9%). In particular, unmet need for rehabilitation therapy was highest. The results showed that medical under-utilization of the persons with visual impairment could aggravate their general health conditions and disabilities. Besides, it was found that the disabled had unmet needs for health care. Therefore, health needs assessment tools would help us to estimate health states of the disabled and to provide appropriate medical services to the disabled. It is meaningful as a quantitative methodology for measuring unmet needs in health care of the disabled. Health needs assessment should be performed regularly to all persons with disability. Health authority should provide appropriate health services with the disabled according to the result of health needs assessment. However, in-depth studies to modify tools, especially to improve the validity and the reliability, are necessary. 장애인 등록 이후 재가 장애인의 의료서비스 필요 및 미충족필요의 규모를 측정하기 위한 도구로서 의학적 처치 및 수술, 보장구, 재활치료, 정기적 추후관리 등 4개 영역이 포함된 시각장애 필요측정도구를 개발하였다. 개발된 필요측정도구를 이용하여 서울지역 일부 장애인을 대상으로 시험 적용해 본 결과 다음과 같은 결론은 얻었다. 조사대상 장애인 중 의학적 처치 및 수술은 36.1%에서 필요하였고 그 중 45.5%만이 적절하였다. 보장구는 29.5%에서 필요하였고 그 중 55.6%가 적절하였다. 재활치료는 32.8%가 필요하였고 적절률은 15.0%에 불과하여 가장 심각한 문제로 나타났다. 정기진료는 100%가 필요했으며 그 중 36.1%만이 적절한 관리가 이루어지고 있었다. 의학적 처치 및 수술, 보장구, 재활치료, 정기진료 중에서 부적절 판정을 하나도 받지 않은 최종 적절성은 18.0%(미충족필요: 82%)에 불과하였고, 대체적으로 적절한 치료를 받지 못하고 있었으며 그 중 저시력 재활치료는 가장 적절률이 낮아 시각장애인 의료서비스 제공에 문제가 있음을 알 수 있었다.

Perceived Competency, Frequency, Training Needs in Physical Assessment among Registered Nurses

오희영,이지연,김은경 한국성인간호학회 2012 성인간호학회지 Vol.24 No.6

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify registered nurses learning needs about physical assessment. Specifically, what are the perceived competency, frequency of skill use and the unmet training needs. Methods:The study was an exploratory survey study. The sample was 104 registered nurses. Data were collected through three instruments: The Perceived Competency in Physical Assessment Scale, the Frequency of Physical Assessment Scale, and the Training Needs of Physical Assessment Scale which incorporated 30 core Physical Assessment skills. Descriptive statistics, t-test, and Pearson’s correlation coefficient were used to analyze the data. Results: Auscultation of heart and lung sounds and inspection of the spine were rated by the subjects as physical assessment skills they feel least competent and also were less frequently performed. The most competent area for physical assessment was neurological system. The respiratory and abdominal system was identified as two systems that more education would be needed. Nurses with less than one year of working experience reported needing more training. Nurses with more than five years of clinical work experience performed physical assessment more frequently than nurses with less than five year of work experience. The perceived competency was positively related to the frequency of physical assessment. Conclusion: Continuing education is necessary to further train registered nurses regarding physical assessment skills and the program needs to be focused on the area which nurses are less competent for and have high training need.

장애학생의 전환계획요구 평가에 대한 정서장애 특수학교 교사들의 인식

이익동 ( Ik Dong Lee ) 한국정서·행동장애아교육학회(구 한국정서학습장애아교육학회) 2013 정서ㆍ행동장애연구 Vol.29 No.4

본 연구에서는 장애학생의 성공적인 전환을 위한 기초연구로서 전환계획요구 평가에 대한 정서장애 특수학교 교사들의 인식을 알아보는데 그 목적이 있다. 이를 위하여 정서장애 특수학교에서 장애학생을 지도하고 있는 특수교사 10명을 대상으로 반구조화 된 심층면담을 실시하였으며, 주요 내용은 다음과 같다: (ㄱ) 전환계획 요구 평가의 필요성, (ㄴ) ITP 작성 시 전환계획요구 평가를 활용하는 방안, (ㄷ)전환계획요구 평가 영역과 교과와의 연계 방안, (ㄹ) 전환계획요구 평가를 활성화하기 위한 방안, (ㅁ) 현장 교사들에게 전환계획요구 평가를 효과적으로 전파하기 위한 방안으로 분류되어 분석되었으며, 연구결과는 다음과 같이 요약될 수 있다. 정서장애 특수학교 교사들은 전환계획요구 평가가 필요하고, ITP 작성 시 다양한 측면에서 적용과 응용이 가능하며, 다양한 교과와의 연계를 통해 교육현장에 긍정적으로 적용될 수 있으며, 다양한 전환계획요구 평가 지원 방안과 전파 방안을 제시하였다. 연구결과를 바탕으로 앞으로의 전환계획요구 평가와 관련된 후속연구 및실제에 대한 논의가 이루어졌다. This research, as a fundamental research in order for a successful transition of student with disability, has the purpose of investigating the perception of the teacher towards the special school for students with emotional disorder on transition planning needs assessment. Ten special education teachers with experiences of teaching a disabled student at the special school for students with emotional disorder were selected hence initiating a semi-structured interview thus; the results are as follows: (a) the need of transition planning needs assessment, (b) a plan of using the transition planning needs assessment while composing an ITP, (c) the liaison domain of transition planning needs assessment and a curriculum, (d) method to support the transition planning needs assessment, (e) analyzed as a method classified to properly diffuse the transition planning needs assessment to teachers thus, the research results are summarized as follows: Teachers of the special school for students with emotional disorder need transition planning needs assessment, possible application and implementation at various point of views while composing ITP, apply positively at an educational site through the liaison of various curriculums, proposed various transition planning needs assessment and diffusion methods. Implications for further research and practice were discussed based on the results.

암환자의 요구 조사 도구 개발

김기연,최상순,박소미,송희영,허혜경,Kim, Gi-Yon,Choi, Sang-Soon,Pak, So-Mi,Song, Hee-Young,Hur, Hea-Kung 한국호스피스완화의료학회 2002 한국호스피스.완화의료학회지 Vol.5 No.2

목적 : 본 연구는 암환자의 요구를 포괄적으로 포함하면서 실용적으로 측정할 수 있는 도구를 개발하기 위해 시도되었다. 방법 : 기존의 문헌들과 함께 Wingate와 Lackey(1989)의 내용분석 결과를 근거로 정보요구, 이용가능한 자원, 신체적 요구, 정서적 요구, 영적 요고, 그리고 법적/경제적 요구의 6개 영역을 선정하였고, 각 영역에 대한 문항 내용은 암환자 대상의 요고, 조사연구들를 참고로 하여 작성한 후 간호학 교수 3인의 자문을 받아 문항의 내용을 수정, 추가 또는 삭제하면서 예비문항을 작성하였다. 이를 통해 정보요구 7문항, 이용가능한 자원 5문항, 정서 요구 4문항, 영적요구 5문항, 법적/경제적 요구 4문항, 신체적 요구 7문항의 총 32문항의 예비도구를 작성하였다. 예비 도구의 내용 타당도를 확인하기 위해 강원도 소재 대학병원의 간호사 중 평균 경력 10년 이상인 암환자를 간호하고 있거나 간호한 경험이 있는 수간호사와 책임 간호사 9명을 대상으로 실시하였고, 구성타당도와 신뢰도를 검증하기 위해서는 강원도 충정도 및 경기도 소재 종합병원에 근무하고 있는 간호사 116명을 편의표출하였다. 수집된 자료를 SPSS 10.0 WIN을 이용하여 요인분석 및 Cronbach ${\alpha}$값을 구하였다. 결과 : 1) 내용 타당도 분석 결과, 전문가 합의률이 55.4%로 낮은 '유언장 쓰는 방법을 알고싶다'는 문항이 삭제되어 31문항이 선정되었다. 2) 요인분석을 실시한 결과 신체적 요구, 정보 요구, 영적 요구, 정서 요구, 이용가능한 자원, 그리고 법적/경제적 요구의 6요인이 추출되었고 전체 설명력은 61.840%였다. 제 1요인인 신체적 요구와 제 2요인의 정보요구는 각각 25.354%와 10.903%의 설명력을 나타내어 암환자 요구의 주요 영역으로 규명되었다. 3) 도구의 신뢰도는 내적 일관성을 나타내는 Cronbach ${\alpha}$값은 .90이었다. 결론 : 본 연구에서 개발된 도구는 간호사로 하여금 암환자의 요구를 포괄적으로 사정할 수 있게 하고 궁극적으로는 암환자의 요구에 맞는 총체적이며 포괄적인 간호중재를 마련하는 근거로 활용될 것이다. Purpose : This study was designed to develop an instrument that could be used for comprehensive and effective need assessment for patients with cancer. Methods : In the first phase, a conceptual framework for the instrument was established by Wingate & Lackey (1989). In the second phase, the preliminary instrument was drawn up through a review of the literature and in consultation with three professors in Nursing. In the third phase validity and reliability of the preliminary instrument were tested as follows; 1) an expert validity test of the preliminary instrument was done by nine head nurses and charge nurses who had over ten years experience caring for patients with cancer at Wonju Christian Hospital. 2) A construct validity test and reliability test was done for the instrument by 116 staff nurses selected by convience sampling from hospitals located in Kang-Won, Kyoung-Ki, and Choong-Chung Provinces. The collected data were analyzed using SPSS 10.0 WIN program. For the factors of the instrument, factor analysis was used. The reliability of the scale was analyzed by Cronbach's alpha. Results : The results of the experts' test of validity, showed that, of 32 items, only one item had less than 55.4%. It was then deleted and a total of 31 items was selected. On the basis of the results of the factor analysis, the following six components were identified: physiological, informational, spiritual, and emotional needs, available resources, and legal/financial needs. These factors explained 61.8% of the variance. In the factor analysis, the first factor (physiological needs) and the second factor (informational needs) explained 25.4% and 10.9% of the variance respectively, which were major factors for the needs of patients with cancer in Korea. Cronbach' alpha for the scale was .90 indicating internal reliability. Conclusion : This instrument can be effectively utilized for assessment of needs of patients with cancer in Korea. Use of the needs assessment instrument developed in this study will allow nurses to develop nursing interventions that provide comprehensiveness and continuity in meeting the needs of patients with cancer.

Needs assessment for faculty development in dental education, at the University of Health Sciences, Lao PDR

Khounyotha Talany,예병일,Lee Sangmi Teresa,이천의,박경혜 한국의학교육학회 2022 Korean journal of medical education Vol.34 No.4

Due to the short history of dental education in Laos, the educational system is still incomplete, with only a few faculty development (FD) programs. This study aims to identify the needs assessment for FD, in Lao dental education. A survey was conducted, with dentists from the Faculty of Dentistry, in 2022. Data on demographics, perceived importance, and ability, on the 13 roles and competencies of teachers, as well as the 26 FD items’ needs assessment were collected. Data were compared between the two groups (lecturers and assistant teachers), and analyzed to identify different needs. Sixty-seven responses were included, after excluding inappropriate ones. Lecturers and assistant teachers expressed their needs for developing a syllabus, and teaching using simulation. Lecturers revealed the need to improve their roles as resource developers, followed by learning facilitators and lecturer in a classroom setting. Assistant teachers reported their prioritized needs for improving their role as on-the-job role models, followed by lecturer in a classroom setting, and mentor, personal adviser, or tutor. Assistant teachers showed higher educational needs scores than lecturers, in most questionnaire items. Although the needs assessment of FD indicates different needs, based on the differing roles and responsibilities, assistant teachers’ needs scores are generally higher. An FD program could prioritize the most common needs of both groups at an early stage, but the topics most needed by each group should also be considered. This study can inform a future FD program, to improve Lao dental education.

Educational Needs Assessment on School Consultant

진동섭,이재덕,허은정,이승호,김시영,임아란,위은주 한국교육개발원 2008 한국교육 Vol.35 No.3

This study investigates the prior educational needs of the teachers who have the experience as a school consultant or who have taken training courses for school consultants in terms of the thirty-two educational categories. The results of the analysis showed that the top ten categories of the teachers' most required needs for educational program included the categories of common elements, classroom teaching, and school administration. The educational needs for effective school administration were especially higher than any other needs. A further analysis showed that within the category of common elements, education for interpersonal skills were the most needed area. In cases of classroom teaching and school administration, lesson analysis technique and organization analysis technique were the most needed areas, respectively. Moreover, elementary school teachers than secondary school teachers, teachers than (vice) principals, and non-experienced teachers than experienced teachers, required more education for every category. We concluded that there should be a more emphasis on the school administration category in the school consultant educational program, and the courses of the program should focus on practical techniques. Finally, this study suggested that the school consultant educational program curriculum should be differentiated by the teachers' status, school levels, and consulting experiences. This study investigates the prior educational needs of the teachers who have the experience as a school consultant or who have taken training courses for school consultants in terms of the thirty-two educational categories. The results of the analysis showed that the top ten categories of the teachers' most required needs for educational program included the categories of common elements, classroom teaching, and school administration. The educational needs for effective school administration were especially higher than any other needs. A further analysis showed that within the category of common elements, education for interpersonal skills were the most needed area. In cases of classroom teaching and school administration, lesson analysis technique and organization analysis technique were the most needed areas, respectively. Moreover, elementary school teachers than secondary school teachers, teachers than (vice) principals, and non-experienced teachers than experienced teachers, required more education for every category. We concluded that there should be a more emphasis on the school administration category in the school consultant educational program, and the courses of the program should focus on practical techniques. Finally, this study suggested that the school consultant educational program curriculum should be differentiated by the teachers' status, school levels, and consulting experiences.

공공부조 수급노인의 욕구 및 미충족 욕구

윤경아(Kyeong-a Yoon) 한국노년학회 2006 한국노년학 Vol.26 No.4

본 연구의 목적은 Camberwell Assessment of Need for the Elderly(CANE)를 활용해 공공부조 수급노인의 욕구충족 정도, 미충족 욕구, 욕구충족체계 및 욕구의 존재 유무에 영향을 미치는 요인을 파악하는 것이다. 이를 통해 개별노인을 위한 서비스뿐만 아니라 지역차원에서 이들에게 적합한 프로그램을 계획하는데 필요한 정보를 제공할 수 있다. 연구대상은 65세 이상의 공공부조 수급노인 113명이며, 면접조사를 통해 자료를 수집하였다. 연구결과, 대부분의 공공부조 수급노인들은 적어도 1개 이상의 욕구를 가지고 있으며, 전 항목에서 욕구가 없다고 응답한 6명을 제외하고는 최소 1개에서 최대 19개까지 욕구가 있는 것으로 밝혀졌다. 비교적 욕구가 높은 항목들 중에서 욕구가 충족되지 않은 비율이 높은 항목은 사교활동, 친밀한 관계, 주간활동이었으며, 건강에 대한 인식은 전 욕구영역에 걸쳐 욕구의 존재 유무에 영향력이 큰 편으로 밝혀졌다. 이러한 결과와 관련하여, 공공부조 수급노인들의 미충족 욕구 해결방안이 모색되었다. The present study aimed to explore met and unmet needs, and investigate those factors associated with the presence or absence of each need. One-hundred-thirteen elderly welfare recipients those who living below the official poverty line were interviewed about their health and needs they might have(environmental, physical, psychological or social), using Camberwell Assessment of Need for the elderly(CANE). The CANE was used to interview each older people in order to obtain a profile of the older people's current met and unmet needs. A survey was implemented from December 2005 to Feburary 2006 in order to collect relevant data. Major findings are as follows: (1) the vast majority of the elderly had a at least one need(mean=7.33, sd=4.42) and elderly people had a mean of 3.07 unmet needs(sd=3.08), (2) company, intimacy relationships, daytime activities were unmet need, (3) worse health is related to the presence of need in almost needs, (4) a range of complex barriers to meeting need were identified, and it was evident that these varied both between individuals and between different types of unmet need. Greater, targeted efforts are needed to reduce the prevalence and consequences of unmet need for the elderly persons.

사회 프로그램 기획을 위한 모형으로서의 니즈사정(Needs Assessment)에 관한 연구

이석민(Seog-Min Lee) 한국정책분석평가학회 2011 政策分析評價學會報 Vol.21 No.2

This study aims to exploreneeds assessmentas a social program planning models. Needs assessment means a tool for social program models which include needs identification and prioritization, solutions identification and prioritization, and implementation planning. The generic model of the needs assessment is the three -phase model which are composed of preassessment, assessment, and postassessment, and various methods can be used for each step.On the other hand, this article intends to apply needs assessment toservice improvement program planning for public administration education. The result of needs assessment which integrates educators' solutions into students' needs suggests that the expansion of practical education is a viable alternative to service improvement of public administration education. In addition, this article shows that adding the practical curriculum, resource investment, and work experience or internship are needed for solutions to expansion of practical education.

설문조사를 통한 요구분석에서 우선순위결정 방안 탐색

조대연(Cho, Dae-Yeon) 고려대학교 교육문제연구소 2009 敎育問題硏究 Vol.0 No.35

요구분석은 HRD 프로세스의 첫 단계이다. 그럼에도 불구하고 선행연구에서 올바른 요구분석을 실천한 연구를 찾아보기 힘들며 우선순위결정을 위한 노력은 더욱 제한적이었다. 본 연구는 가장 널리 사용되고 있는 설문조사를 통한 요구분석에서 우선순위 결정방법을 고찰하고 이들의 단점을 극복함과 동시에 장점을 극대화 할 수 있는 합리적인 과정을 제안하였다. 그리고 실제 데이터를 가지고 시뮬레이션을 통해 제안된 과정의 활용 가능성을 검증해 보고자 하였다. 본 연구는 설문을 통한 요구분석 우선순위결정을 위한 과정으로 t 검정, Borich의 요구도와 The Locus for Focus 모델의 중복성을 활용한 방안을 제안하였다. 기존 데이터를 활용하여 시뮬레이션을 실시한 결과 t 검정을 통해 전반적인 경향성을 파악하고, Borich의 요구도 값을 산출하여 우선순위를 파악한 후, The Locus for Focus 모델의 HH분면 항목과 개수를 확인하여 그 개수 만큼 최종적으로 Borich 요구도 순위와 중복된 항목을 최우선 순위군으로 결정한다. 또한 한쪽에만 나타난 항목들은 차순위군을 결정한다. 이와 같이 우선순위결정을 위해 3가지 기법을 통해 5가지 과정을 활용한다면 요구분석 결과의 우선순위를 결정하는데 있어 이해관계자와 의사결정자에게 보다 설득력 있는 결과를 제시할 수 있다. Need analysis is the first step in the HRD process. Nevertheless, few previous studies investigated true gaps between 'what is' and 'what should be.' Rather, there has been limited to use some appropriate methods of prioritizing needs. This study proposed a more systematic procedure to set priority of needs based upon t-test, Borich need assessment model, and the Locus for Focus Model that are popularly used when data are collected with a survey. In particular, the proposed procedure is a way to minimize the weaknesses, at the same time, to maximize the strengths of these methods. The procedure proposed in this study included the following steps: (1) screening the tendency of needs(=gaps) through t-test, (2) prioritizing needs by using Borich's educational need equation, (3) identifying needs and its numbers fell into the HH sector of a scatter diagram, (4) double checking the rank orders of Borich's equation according to the number of needs fell into the HH sector, and (5) identifying the highest priority among needs if needs are appeared as highly ranked on both methods and the second priority with needs that are shown as highly ranked on only one method. Finally the simulations supported this systematic procedure. some implications for both researchers and practitioners are discussed.