교육이론을 적용한 박물관 교육프로그램 운영 논문 동향 연구

최고운,이정은 인하대학교 교육연구소 2020 교육문화연구 Vol.26 No.3

This research aims to review on research trends of museum educational programmes which show pedagogical and theoretical approaches. Given crucial role of museum education, therefore, this research focuses on the varieties of theories that are actually appeared onto the researches, and the tendencies of those kinds of researches. Based on this work, not only it becomes the threshold of similar research areas but it would be solid standpoint for museum education. The targets are all 34 papers that are published from 2014 to 2019 and searched in Korea Education and Research Information Service with ‘museum education’ keyword. Reviewed all of papers, we finally divided them into 6 themes which are applied theories, selected museums, methodologies, target audiences, related national curriculums and universities. First of all, 27 applied pedagogical theories have been defined and they are divided into five categories; Pedagogic Strategy(2), Pedagogic Psychology(2), Learning Strategy(16), Learning Methodology(5), Learning Implementation(2). Among them learning strategy category has been implied with 16 theories and this is the majority of all. Problem Based Learning of learning strategy is the most favoured theory and this is a branch of the constructivism. Secondly, total 27 museums have been chosen for the researches and 22 papers reviewed national and provincial museums. Most of museums that are selected for the research are based on the capital areas(Seoul, Gyeonggi, Incheon) whereas other locals show low distribution. Thirdly, mixed methodology(quantitative and qualitative) are mainly used in this kind of research such as interview, mind-map and writing journals. Targets for the research are usually students, most likely 4th to 6th grade of primary schools. Fifth, among curriculums, history and arts are heavily connected to the research while other subjects show rare application. Finally Kyeonghee University produced the highest number of 16 museum education theses followed by other universities. Among them, Dong-A University is the only local while others are all located in the capital areas. Based on the results of this work, more summative research will be prepared for future museum education and theories which are applied will be reviewed thoroughly in the real museum programmes. Furthermore, research trends of papers that are reviewed museum and school learning environment should be highlighted in the near future in order to widen spectrum of museum education. 본 연구에서는 박물관 교육프로그램 개발 시 교육이론을 적용하여 운영된 연구 논문을 대상으로, 어떤 교육이론이적용되었고, 어떤 방향으로 연구되었는지, 살펴보고자 한다. 연구대상은 2014년 1월부터 2019년 12월까지 발표된연구논문으로 학술연구정보서비스에서 검색된 ‘박물관교육’ 주제 논문 34편이다. 연구방법은 연구대상 논문을 교육이론, 운영장소, 연구방법, 연구대상, 교과연계, 학위논문 취득대학교에 따라 나누어 분석한 비 경험연구 방법이다. 연구결과첫 번째, 박물관 교육프로그램 개발 시 적용된 교육이론은 총 27종류로, 교육정책론(2종), 교육심리학이론(2종), 교수학습전략이론(16종), 교수학습방법이론(5종), 교수학습매체이론(2종)으로 유형을 나눌 수 있었다. 두 번째, 연구 장소는27개의 박물관으로, 국립박물관 12편, 공립박물관 10편, 사립박물관 12편, 대학박물관 2편으로 나타났다. 지역별로살펴보았을 때, 수도권역(서울, 경기, 인천) 박물관에서 연구된 논문이 모두 27편이다. 세 번째, 질적연구와 양적연구를함께 사용한 혼합연구 방법이 25편의 연구논문에서 나타났다. 네 번째는 분석된 논문들에 나타난 주 교육대상은초등 고학년생에게 집중되어 있었다. 다섯 번째, 학생들을 대상으로 하는 논문들은 사회와 미술 교과목을 연계하여프로그램을 설계하고 있었다. 여섯 번째, 학위논문이 발표된 8개의 대학교 중 경희대학교가 16편으로 압도적으로높은 비중을 차지하고 있었다. 이러한 결과는 향후 박물관 교육을 기획할 때 참고할 수 있는 제반 자료가 될 수있을 것이며, 이를 통해 관람객들의 참여를 독려할 수 있는 교육프로그램을 기획할 수도 있을 것이다. 이론을 적용한교육프로그램을 연구한 논문들의 주 대상이 학생들이라는 것은 학교 교육을 보완할 수 있는 박물관교육의 특성을잘 보여주는 것으로 미래 연구자들은 이 부분을 좀 더 부각시킬 필요가 있다.

박물관 유형별 전시특성과 안내체계 디자인 방법 연구

이규황,임채진 한국문화공간건축학회 2009 한국문화공간건축학회논문집 Vol.- No.28

To achieve the purpose of a museum, it is important to explore and design an information system method that is appropriate for the exhibition characteristics of each museum type. Based on this premise, 8 museums that represent each museum type are selected for this study. From a comparative analysis of the correlations between the exhibition characteristics and the information system design method, the following implications are derived: The museums under study are found to use a unique design method by considering its own museum type and exhibition characteristics. In particular, communication methods with visitors are found to contribute to the amount and the medium of information provided to visitors. The amount of information provided was decreased the most in the order of the following museum type: the science museums > history museums > art museums. In addition, in order to provide various types of information to visitors more easily, a unified design is used across the building during the communication processes of each museum type. That is, the results of this study imply the importance of an information system design method, which emphasizes the relations of information by focusing on the hierarchy and the unity of each communication process. To achieve the purpose of a museum, it is important to explore and design an information system method that is appropriate for the exhibition characteristics of each museum type. Based on this premise, 8 museums that represent each museum type are selected for this study. From a comparative analysis of the correlations between the exhibition characteristics and the information system design method, the following implications are derived: The museums under study are found to use a unique design method by considering its own museum type and exhibition characteristics. In particular, communication methods with visitors are found to contribute to the amount and the medium of information provided to visitors. The amount of information provided was decreased the most in the order of the following museum type: the science museums > history museums > art museums. In addition, in order to provide various types of information to visitors more easily, a unified design is used across the building during the communication processes of each museum type. That is, the results of this study imply the importance of an information system design method, which emphasizes the relations of information by focusing on the hierarchy and the unity of each communication process.

박물관 교육의 사회적 관심과 실천 –치매 노년층 대상 교육 운영 성과를 중심으로–

옥재원 국립중앙박물관·(社)동원고고미술연구소 2022 동원학술논문집 Vol.23 No.-

This paper explains certain characteristics and meanings of museum education by addressing the development background, contents, and operation process of “Use Your Five Senses with Museum Objects,” an education program operated by the National Museum of Korea focusing on the elderly suffering from dementia. Maintaining close ties with a broad range of society as public institutions, museums can educate members of that society by taking into account their individual preferences and circumstances and offering opportunities for learning and gaining experience. Museum education strives to promote inclusive engagement by visitors from varied backgrounds and accommodate visitors who have relatively poorer access to museums. A museum’s curators responsible for education and its instructors meet learners in person, form relationships with them, and encourage them to embrace their diverse traits as strengths. In this light, a social interest in and educational actions on behalf of culturally disadvantaged classes can carry significant meaning for museum operations. The “Use Your Five Senses with Museum Objects” program is an example of such social interest and educational effort. The population in South Korea is aging rapidly and the prevalence rate of dementia is soaring. All society must develop an interest in the elderly with dementia. The decline in cognitive function, physical regression, mental contraction, and the crisis in relationships it causes can impose a substantial burden both on people suffering from the disease and their families and friends and lead to conflicts. The “Use Your Five Senses with Museum Objects” program was developed as a means to arbitrate between personal problems and social tasks. The “Use Your Five Senses with Museum Objects” program aims to improve cognitive functioning, physical wellbeing, emotional state, and personal relations of the elderly suffering from dementia. It encourages learners to demonstrate their abilities and skills by repeatedly reminding them of their own memories and experiences at each stage of the learning process. It allows them to regularly share their major or even minor achievements with other learners and empathize with them. The greatest significance of this program lies in its enhancement of the self-confidence and self-esteem of learners. The program thus brings about positive effects as education tailored to the circumstances of a culturally disadvantaged class. As definitive social and public institutions, museums must develop and operate education programs suited to current conditions and to the needs and requests of members of society. In this regard, the ongoing operation of the “Use Your Five Senses with Museum Objects” program is recommended, and additional education programs for culturally disadvantaged groups need to be created.

박물관 전시와 사회적 맥락의 함의관계-조선시대 오복(五福)상징 목칠공예품의 전시분석-

엄소연 국립민속박물관 2008 민속학연구 Vol.0 No.22

The article focuses on the decontextualization of the subject of the exhibition, and focuses on describing the presentation of the exhibition and analyzing the meanings of the descriptions and energy factors in context. The exhibition design by the exhibition holder becomes a recreation, and the audience soon realizes that it is just for "show." This research avoided the inquired-about musiography aspects cited in museum exhibition researches, and considered the decontextualization of the exhibited works, linked with the social context. This research was restricted to the five-blessings-symbol woodcrafts from the Joseon period because such woodcrafts represent the decontextualization of modern museum formation in Korea, which is directly related to the history of the National Folk Museum and its exhibited craftworks, as its background. The National Folk Museum of Korea, which has a unique historical background in that it was a modern museum that was created during the Japanese occupation of Korea, has adopted craft nationality mainly in relation to ancient art. The woodcrafts, which make up the majority of the museum's old art pieces, unlike any other art form, are not merely historical products regarded as having normative social usefulness but are complex products of human skills that take on artistic and symbolic forms. The five-blessings-symbol woodcrafts from the Joseon period, especially the utensils, techniques, materials, and patterns, which have been implied as being connected with the changes in the social structure of the post-Joseon period, have already been studied. In this light, the decontextualization of the exhibition of the five-blessings-symbol woodcrafts from the Joseon period at the National Folk Museum could be understood by analyzing the descriptions and energy factors for its significance, and by reading the changes from the original context of the exhibit. In this context, the characteristics of the National Folk Museum, which reflects the history of museum formation in Korea, were examined the exhibition aspects of the five-blessings-symbol woodcrafts from the Joseon period were analyzed in their context and their decontextualized meaning was interpreted. The actual analysis was among those that had been carried out on eight national museums that have permanent displays of articles from the Joseon period, including the National Museum of Korea, the National Folk Museum, and other local museums. Field research on their abstracts and arrangement features, according to the relationship of the signs and energy, was conducted. The exhibition analysis revealed that all the eight historical museums that were analyzed had deviated from the original context and had disconnected energies and descriptions, exhibiting a decontextualization of loss, falling out, and distortion. Granted that the Confucian ideology, which was the basis of the life, culture, and values of the ruling social stratum, was consistent in the Joseon period, the exhibition signs were more applicable to the post-Joseon period or were generalized to speak for the regional or whole folk culture. Such decontextualization of the museum exhibitions of the two aforementioned factors can be recontextualized based on the knowledge, experience, and purpose of the audience. Hence, such understanding and an alternative plan should be requested so that the equilibrium could be maintained.

박물관의 윤리적 미래 -박물관 행동주의(museum activism)의 계보를 중심으로

박소현 한국박물관학회 2017 博物館學報 Vol.- No.34

Museum’s role in society has been emphasized with the idea of time of crisis. Recently, we can find that museums have tried to engage actively in social problems, including contentious disputes and controversies, and to realize social justice. This literature intended to shed light on those activities of museums with the concept of museum activism. Museum activism is a sort of attempt to reestablish self-identity of museum fundamentally as an activist or an actor to change society better, requiring that museums should have more ethical stance toward social problems for future ever than before. I tried to reconstruct the theoretical and practical genealogy of museum activism by centering on now ongoing discussions and practices, and to contribute to discuss on alternative future of museums. Especially, this literature started from investigating the concept of ‘forum’ emerged as an alternative institutional place for museum as temple in the 1970s when the discourse of museum’s crisis had been regarded as deeply related with the crisis of period, and then, tried to trace and examine some varied theoretical․practical genealogies of museum activism as a process to internalize, reorganize, vitalize, and radicalize such concept of forum. 박물관의 사회적 역할은 위기의 시대라는 진단과 함께 더욱 강조되는 경향을 보여 왔다. 최근에는 박물관이 이러한 시대적 위기에 대한 윤리적 선택지로서 논란과 갈등을 내포하는 첨예한 사회문제에 적극 개입하고 사회정의 실현을 위한 활동가로서 자기정체성을 재정립하려는 ‘박물관 행동주의’가 두드러지고 있다. 이 논문은 박물관에 대해 그 어느 때보다도 강력한 윤리적 미래에 대한 입장을 요청하고 있는 이 ‘박물관 행동주의’의 이론적․실천적 계보를 현재적 논의를 중심으로 재구성해 봄으로써, 전통적인 근대 국민국가 모델을 넘어선 대안적인 박물관의 미래상 내지는 그 방향에 관한 논의들에 기여하고자 했다. 이 논문은 위기의 시대라는 진단과 박물관의 위기론이 맞물리며 전통적인 박물관의 존재방식을 넘어선 대안적인 제도적 장으로서 ‘포럼’ 개념이 등장하는 것을 박물관 행동주의의 중요한 이론적 기원으로서 탐색하고, 이러한 포럼을 내부화하고 활성화해 가는 다양한 이론적․실천적 갈래들을 검토했다.

박물관 진열장의 디자인 특성에 관한 기초연구

김수정(Kim, Su Jung) 한국디자인지식학회 2009 디자인지식저널 Vol.10 No.-

본 연구는 박물관 진열장 디자인특성에 관한 기초 연구로 싱가포르 박물관 6개관의 박물관진열장의 사례를 중심으로 한 연구로 유용하게 응용된 진열장다자인 사례를 통하여 기초자료가 되고자 한다. 사례분석의 도구로는 박물관진열장의 기능, 형태, 재료와 색채, 조명디자인으로 현지답사와 촬영사진을 기초자료 및 시각자료로 사용하여 분석의 대상으로 삼았다. 싱가포르 박물관의 진열장 사례에서는 박물관의 주제영역에 따라 분명한 특성이 나타났는데 그 결과는 다음과 같다. 진열장의 기능적 분류는 변형 가능성, 조립 가능성, 다중기능이 분석되었으며, 형태적으로는 단순과 단일체, 재료적으로는 단일재료 등이 분석되었고 조명디자인에서는 감성전달을 목표한 진열장의 가시성을 높인 디자인이 분석되었다. This study is a basic study on the characteristics of museum"s showcase which focused on Singgapore Museum"s showcase. This study intends to analyze the various characteristics of the Singapore Museum"s Showcases on the six of the museums, which are the Singapore Art Museum, Asian Civilization Museum, National Museum of Singapore, Singapore Philatelic Museum, Peranakan Museum and red dot design Museum, which defined the direction of the quality of museum"s showcase and design applications. Comparison and analysis were done on the basic museum"s showcase : function, form, material & color and lighting plan the six museums. Through the itemized common characteristics of the museum, the showcase design proposal on meaning and direction of the museum"s showcase can be viewed. The Singapore museum"s showcases distinguish themselves quite clearly from their subjects and this applies to their form and their spatial organization. As a result from this study, following various results are drawn as design characteristic through thirty seven representative cases : possibility of transformation, optional function for user, multi-function, singular material and body, visual color, emotional approach in showcase lighting design.

박물관 및 미술관 진흥법 개정 효과와 과제

채연선 ( Yonsun Chae ) 중앙대학교 예술문화연구원(구 생활문화산업연구소) 2014 예술문화융합연구 Vol.2 No.-

The Museums Act was enacted as the first basic law on museums in 1984, but problems were raised concerning its lacking effectiveness as a organic law. Replacing it, the Museum and Art Gallery Support Act(hereinafter referred to as “the Act”) was enacted on November 30, 1991 and came into force on June 1, 1992. The Act has been revised 32 times in total so far. Going through those revisions, regulations on museum establishment and operation were eased and the number of museums has increased rapidly across the nation. The Act thus attained the goal of museum “promotion” in terms of quantity. There have been concerns raised, however, that the Act was enacted and have been revised without careful consideration to qualitative improvement of museums because it has been heavily concentrated on the quantitative expansion of them. Specifically, the Act has put art galleries in parallel with museums in its regulations since the enactment of it and thus become a factor inhibiting the work and policy efficiency of museums because of errors to the statistical data of museums, etc. The relaxed regulation of museum registration and the reinforced authority of local government resulted in the chaotic establishment of public museums. In addition, the undifferentiated museum manpower training system, which is only focused on curator training, makes it difficult to educate and place people specialized in various fields of museum. The study proposed a number of solutions to the problems raised above including enacting and revising the Framework Act on Museums to clearly define and put the position of art galleries as a subordinate concept of museums, making it compulsory to register a public museum, and introducing a professional qualification system divided according to the roles in museums.

테마파크의 일반적인 특성을 적용한 박물관에 관한 고찰-국내외 테마박물관의 비교를 중심으로-

권순관 ( Kwon Soon-kwan ) 대한전시디자인학회 2007 전시디자인연구 Vol.4 No.1

Museum are classified as : general museums, such as national museum; special museums, for example natural and science museums; and specialized museums that exhibit a subject only. The Specialized museum is the class that includes theme museum. Most of local government take interest in theme museum. However theme museums are slowing down operation more than general museums, because exhibition methods are not different from general museum. According to most of studies in the future of museums, audiences prefer a storytelling style and experience program than common exhibition. This study is concerned with the combination of theme park and exhibition. This study analyses the theme museums that apply theme park characteristics internally and externally to reflect the entertainment elements in the exhibition space. The museums used for case studies are the Ramen Museum and the Curry Museum, food type in japan, and the Jorvik Viking Center, the Tales of Robin Hood Museums, ride type museums in the UK. A Kimchi Museum and a prehistoric housing exhibition in Korea are used for comparison. This study is aimed at management and exhibition production in theme museum planed in Korea.

뮤지엄 이후의 뮤지엄: 일본 만화뮤지엄의 사례와 전망

김효진 서울대학교 일본연구소 2019 일본비평 Vol.- No.21

Around the 21st century, the museumization of popular culture and the popularization of museums have developed in the world. In this article, I analyze the characteristics of manga culture and manga media in Japan as popular entertainment, and explore the potentialities of manga museum as post-museum by focusing on manga museums in Japan as an example of museumization of popular culture. First, manga as an example of the museumization of popular culture enables museums to explore the possibilities of rhizomatic organization and representation by revealing the limitations of old-fashioned museums that embody the tree system of knowledge. Second, the current circumstances that museums started collecting, preserving, and utilizing manga have uncovered problems and contradictions of modern musums, which often open the space for exploring the meaning of manga and manga culture in Japan, and improving manga studies. Third, while the necessity of establishing a national manga museum by the Japanese government in order to collect, preserve, and utilize manga in a more systemic and effective way is elevated, the variety of small manga museums, such as micro-libraries, should also increase, where people can easily access manga in their everyday life. In conclusion, manga museums in Japan will be expected to work as a space that makes it possible to explore the potentialities of rhizomatic museum, where people can share plural and diverse knowledge and culture.

HI-Sense Corporate Museums -Focus on Automobile companies-

이지연 ( Ji Yeon Lee ),김경훈 ( Kyung Hoon Kim ) 서울과학기술대학교 과학문화전시디자인연구소 2014 한국과학예술융합학회 Vol.18 No.-

Museums have been through a period of constant changes within the last five decades due to a number of reasons such as technology developments and visitor’s interests and needs changes. Practitioners and academics have been though new challenges that encouraged the generation of a new kind of museum that is described as consumer-centered rather than collection-centered. At the same time museums have received the influence of marketing and branding theories, and with the time museums have adapted profitable concepts to the practice. It must be able to satisfy various psychological needs of consumers and audiences, in addition to vitalizing corporate image and returning profits to company. In order for corporate museums, which pursue coexistence of brand and cultural values, to be actualized based on the essential goal of corporate and audience who live in a diverse society such as lifestyles, interests, education and culture, etc. There are exhibition spaces for promoting corporate image such as company history museums, promotion halls of corporate museums but their functions and characteristics tend to be concentrated on specific criteria. Nonetheless, branding for museum is a field where lot of research can be still developed; in fact branding appeared in just a shortage of existing insights that have been gained though audiences’ and visitors’ perspective, but very little research has been undertaken with audiences indeed. Driven by such changes of social concept today, an in-depth study on corporate museum for emotion is increasing and recognized to bring about a new turning point. However, it is not yet in appropriate state to construct theoretical background and to present various study methods on the corporate museum for emotion, whereas its application is limited only to specific fields such as product design, advertisement, emotional magazines but none to positive study or application in the field of corporate museum. This study aims to start on the assumption that emotional approach is positively necessary for creating consumer-centered and comfortable museum. This case study examines similar cases of museums run by automobile corporations and will three museums to be analyzed.