범인식별방법 및 식별진술평가시 유의사항

민영성(Min Young-Sung) 부산대학교 법학연구소 2005 법학연구 Vol.46 No.1

Identification procedures serve the dual function of solving crimes and providing evidence at the trial. Three general procedures are often used by the police to identify suspects who have been taken into custody : (1)Line-up, (2)Show-up and (3)Photographic identification. These procedures should be enforced in numerical order. One of the threshold concerns about eyewitness identification is the degree of accuracy. In practice, eyewitness identification evidence frequently has been the source of erroneous convictions. The unreliability of eyewitness testimony makes their admission in criminal trials problematic. The two principal problems involved in admitting eyewitness identification as evidence of guilt in criminal trials are : (1)there is always a chance that the human memory process will wear; and (2) despite this raised concern, juries tend to blindly rely on eyewitness identifications. Ironically, eyewitness identifications are also the most influential evidence for juries. The number of wrongful convictions in the United States illustrates the seriousness of the risks involved in the admission of eyewitness identifications. Contrary to popular belief, eyewitness identifications are not always accurate, due to problems rooted in psychology. For example, when a witness to a crime must later identify the person who was seen before, various psychological factors can play an important role : the retention interval or period of time between the crime and the identification; the exposure time and amount of time that the witness has had to look at the essential subject; prior knowledge; expectations; misleading suggestions; and stress. However, most courts will not allow defense counsel to introduce expert testimony on the eyewitness identification on the ground that cross-examination is the proper method to elicit information on a witness credibility. But, in reality, cross-examination is an ineffective tool for detecting eyewitness identifications impairment. The courts have not treated statistics and eyewitness identifications consistently. In fact, they routinely admit eyewitness identifications and exclude statistical evidence. Consistency is a desirable goal considering the seriousness of the risks involved with both types of evidence. Both courts and scholars have advocated for several possible solutions to this problem : (1)the complete exclusion of eyewitness identifications, at least when there is no other evidence; (2)admission of such identifications with jury instructions; or (3)admission with explanatory expert testimony. Perhaps the most reasonable and the most logical compromise for consistency in using statistical and eyewitness evidence is to admit expert testimony concerning the unreliability of eyewitness identifications every time such identifications are admitted at trial. Without expert testimony, jury verdicts must be based upon speculation, ignorance, or assumptions, which are demonstrably false. Elizabeth F. Loftus's research provides empirical proof that inaccurate eyewitness identification undermines the reliability and integrity of courtroom testimony. While the admittance of expert testimony is not a panacea for the problem of inaccurate witness identification, it would certainly assist judges and juries in understanding the importance of accurate eyewitness testimony. Elizabeth F. Loftus suggests that identification testimony should be excluded when it is likely to cause unfair prejudice, confuse the issue or mislead the jury.

기부금 조성을 위한 간청 전략

노정식(Jung Sik Noh),오세조(Se Jo Oh),임성요(Xing Yao Ren) 한국경영학회 2008 經營學硏究 Vol.37 No.6

There has been little research studying giving behavior for a non-profit organization to operate efficiently compared to its importance. It is urgent for a university, a kind of non-profit organization, to establish the strategy for securing finances and receiving donations in fierce competitive circumstances. According to existing research, donation by solicitation is more common than voluntary donation. Therefore, raising donation strategy needs to introduce the strategic variables which are related to solicitation for donation. In this vein, this article finds that most donors who have the experience of donation are alumni and they tend to identify themselves with their alma maters. Thus, the aim of this study is to examine which solicitation strategy makes individual to identify oneself with the non-profit organization and finally lead to donate. Specifically, first, this study examines how cognitive identification, evaluative identification and emotional identification, which are parts of the giving motivations of donors, affect giving behavior. Second, this study investigates methods of solicitation strategies that arouse donor to identify, and analyzes the difference between solicitation strategies based on three kinds of identification. Lastly, this study investigates how solicitation strategies affect loyalty by mediating effects of the three-dimensional identification. To reach these goals, this study used existing database of donors who donated to Y University from May 1st 1996 to Feb 28th 2007, and next extracted samples of 252 people using quota sampling on the basis of this objective data, and then conducted a survey. Structural Equation Modeling on the basis of the results of existing objective donation data and survey were done to analyze. As a result, one among seven hypotheses were rejected and the others were all supported. The results are as follows. First, regarding the effects of identification on giving behavior, emotional identification had a bigger effect on loyalty than cognitive identification and evaluative identification. Second, as the effects of primary contents of solicitation on identification, specific cause and emotional empathy had positive effects on emotional identification. Second, regarding the effects of techniques of solicitation on identification, sentimental message and personal relationship had positive effects on cognitive identification, and interaction had a positive effect on emotional identification, while social comparison had no significant effect on evaluative identification. The significance of this study is as follows. First, This study introduces solicitation variables that have rarely been studied in marketing and divides identification into three dimensions and analyzes their relative influences. Second, this study tries to maintain the rigor of the model by analyzing data collected from the survey together with donors` existing database.

수사기관의 범인식별진술의 신빙성 제고 방안

조광훈 사법발전재단 2008 사법 Vol.1 No.6

An eyewitness identification is a statement made by an eyewitness to describe a person whom he/she has seen in an event from the memory. Typical forms of the pretrial eyewitness identification procedure in criminal justice system are divided into showup, lineup, photo array and street identification. While Each form has its advantages and drawbacks, I would like to recommend the police to take the lineups since the lineups are likely to be less prejudicial or influenced by unjust suggestion compared with the other forms. Mistrial cases has been found consistently both in advanced countries and hear in South Korea, where the courts have been giving judgments of 'not guilty' more frequently than past reasoning that the guidelines for the eyewitness identification are not followed or due to the lack of reliability in the identification procedures in the pretrial investigation by police officers or public prosecutors. In recent case laws, the courts have found that the show-ups and the photo arrays are not reliable due to the high risk of leading questions and suggestions made by the law enforcement officers. Causes that lower the credibility in the eyewitness identification statement in the criminal justice process made by the law enforcement agencies could be the imperfect memory structure of human brain, the lack of objectivity or fairness in the eyewitness identification procedure, and the wrong practice of eyewitness identification procedure. Recommendations for enhancing the reliability of eyewitness identification may be as follows: the law enforcement officers' recognition of the possibilities of mistrials due to wrongfully proceeded eyewitness identification; promulgating a clear and accurate regulation of the identification procedure; a complete compliance with the guidelines of the identification procedure, adopting forensic science technique in the identification procedure, guaranteeing the accused rights to an attorney and security of transportation in the identification procedure; judges' giving jury instructions stressing the importance of eyewitness identification procedure in a criminal court trial; and the law enforcement officers' recognition of the relationships between the exclusionary rule of illegally obtained evidence and the wrongfully proceeded eyewitness identification. Especially, to improve credibility of the eyewitness identification statement, the law enforcement officers need to completely abide by the guidelines given by the court precedent, maintaining the identification process objective and fair by proceeding lineups rather than proceeding show-ups or photo arrays. In addition, the law enforcement officers should not give leading questions, unfair suggestions, pressures on witness to be objective and fair in the course of identification process. People in the criminal justice system should give much more attention to the identification procedures and make lots of effort in referring to the experts' studies in a range of fields, including police study and law, psychology and law, forensic science, and sociology. 범인식별진술은 ‘형사사건에서 목격자가 용의자의 인상착의를 직접 또는 사진을 보고 범인과 동일한지 여부를 판단하기 위한 진술’ 을 말한다. 구체적 유형으로는 복수면접, 단독면접, 사진식별, 가두식별로 나뉘는데, 유형별로 장ㆍ단점이 있으나 다른 방법에 비하여 비교적 편견과 부당한 암시성이 덜하고 객관성과 공정성을 기할 수 있는 복수면접으로 가급적 실시되어야 한다. 잘못된 범인식별절차로 인한 오판사례는 선진국이나 우리나라에서도 확인되고 있으며, 우리나라의 판례에서는 범인식별절차에서 일정한 가이드라인을 준수하지 않고 수집된 진술은 신빙성이 없다는 이유로 계속하여 무죄를 선고하고 있는데, 판례는 단독면접이나 사진식별방법은 높은 암시성과 편견으로 인하여 진술을 신빙할 수 없다고 하였다. 수사기관의 범인식별진술의 신빙성을 저하시키는 원인으로는 생래적으로 불완전한 인간의 기억구조, 범인식별진술 절차에 대한 객관성ㆍ공정성의 상실, 잘못된 범인식별절차의 실시를 들 수 있다. 범인식별진술의 신빙성을 제고시킬 수 있는 방안으로는 범인식별진술에 의한 오판가능성의 인식, 범인식별절차에 대한 명확한 규정 마련, 범인식별절차에서 철저한 가이드라인의 준수, 범인식별절차에 과학수사기법의 마련, 범인식별절차에서의 변호인 접견ㆍ교통권의 보장, 공판중심주의에서의 범인식별진술 절차의 중요성의 인식하여 배심원들에 대한 설득의 필요성, 위법수집증거배제법칙과 범인식별진술의 상관성의 인식 등을 들 수 있다. 특히, 범인식별진술의 신빙성의 제고를 위해서는 수사기관은 이를 실시하는 과정에서 판례가 확고하게 제시하는 가이드라인을 철저히 준수하면서 복수면접으로 공정성ㆍ객관성을 유지하여야 한다. 더불어 범인식별진술을 실시하는 과정에서 진술자에 대한 어떠한 편견이나 부당한 암시를 배제시키려는 공평하고 객관적인 자세도 필요하다. 범인식별진술에서는 오로지 적정절차의 준수 속에서 진범을 조속히 색출하여 대다수의 선량한 국민들의 인권을 적극 보호하는 순기능을 최대한 살려야 한다. 형사사법실무자들은 범인식별진술에 많은 관심을 가지고 형사법학, 법심리학, 법 과학, 사회학 등의 학문과도 상호 유기적이고 통합적으로 연구하려는 자세를 가져야 한다.

스포츠마케팅에 있어 팀 동일시에 대한 재해석 및 효과에 관한 연구

옥정원 한국마케팅관리학회 2012 마케팅관리연구 Vol.17 No.1

The purpose of this study was to measure specific Team Identification' effect in Professional Sport. Many previous researches studied about Team Identification effect on Team loyalty, Sponsor loyalty, and Region image. But researches have limitation to measure specific Team Identification effect. Therefore, this study is classified into specific Team Identification to Team Member Identification, Team Game Identification and Team Culture Identification. The respondents were spectators who had attended professional sports games. This study utilized convenience sampling method. 350 questionnaires were distributed on site and a total of 287 questionnaires were collected. 228 samples were used for data analysis. The data were recorded and analyzed using the SPSS 14.0 and Lisrel 8.30. The results of the study were as follows: First, Team Member Identification had significant effect on the Team loyalty and Team Culture Identification also had significant effect on the Region Image. Second, Team Game Identification and Team Culture Identification were found to have significant effect upon the Team attachment. Third, Team attachment was noted to have a significant effect upon Region Image, Team loyalty, and Sponsor loyalty. Finally, the Team loyalty was found to have significant effect on the Sponsor loyalty. 본 연구는 보다 정교한 차원의 팀 동일시의 스포츠 마케팅 효과를 검증하고자 하여 팀 동일시를 세부적인 팀 경기 동일시, 팀 구성원 동일시, 팀 문화 동일시로 구분하여 연구모형을 설계하였다. 또 팀 동일시의 효과를 측정하기 위하여 기존의 팀 충성도와 스폰서 태도와 같은 팀과 스폰서 자산에 영향을 미치는 요소 뿐 아니라 지역이미지 효과도 포함하는 통합적인 스포츠 마케팅 효과를 검증하였다. 분석결과 첫째, 팀 구성원 동일시는 팀 애착에 유의한 의미가 존재하지 않지만, 팀 경기 동일시와 팀 문화 동일시는 팀 애착에 긍정적인 영향을 주는 것으로 나타났다. 둘째, 팀 구성원 동일시는 팀 충성도에 긍정적인 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 셋째, 세부적인 팀 동일시들이 보다 스포츠 마케팅 효과와 유의한 관계를 유지하기 위해서는 팀 애착이 중요한 역할을 한다는 것을 알 수 있었다. 마지막으로 팀에 대한 충성도가 높으면 그 팀을 후원하는 스폰서에 대한 충성도 또한 높아지는 것으로 나타났다. 하지만 이러한 팀 충성도는 팀이 연고지로 하고 있는 지역의 이미지에는 영향을 미치지 않는 것으로 나타났으며, 스폰서에 대한 태도 또한 지역이미지로 전이 되지 않는 것으로 나타났다. 이러한 본 연구의 결과는 기존의 스포츠 마케팅 효과에서 중요한 변수로 여겨져 왔던 팀 동일시에 대한 새로운 접근을 통해, 스포츠 팀을 운영하는 구단, 스포츠 구단을 후원하는 스폰서 기업, 그리고 스포츠 구단의 연고지 등 스포츠 마케팅 효과를 얻는 주체들에게 보다 통합적인 관점에서 효과적인 시사점을 줄 수 있을 것이라 생각된다.

스포츠산업,경영학 : 대학 스포츠 팀 동일시와 학부(학과) 동일시가 대학 동일시와 충성도에 미치는 영향

김세웅(SeWoongKim),장경로(KyungRoChang) 한국체육학회 2004 한국체육학회지 Vol.43 No.4

The current research investigates the impacts of students' identification with university sport teams and majoring department on university identification. Organizational identification is a symbolic and psychological association with significant outcomes for both organizations and their members. It is not difficult to understand why most organizations today want their members to commit to the values and goals of the organization. University sport teams foster positive identification and goodwill for the university among students, graduates, and citizens of community. This goodwill, public support,and identification help the university serve its varied missions in all its activities. In addition, departmental identification developed through occupational importance, professor ability, major future, peer satisfaction, and so on would help develop identification with the institution. Drawing data(N=600 )collected at three universities in Korea, the effect of identification with university sport teams and majoring department on identification with university, the effect of identification with university sport teams and a majoring department on university loyalty were investigated. Structural equation modeling (i.e., LISREL) was employed to test the causal relationships among the hypothesized relationships. Results showed that perceived image of university sport teams and majoring department had an impact on identification with university sport teams and majoring department respectively. Both identification with university sport teams and majoring department had impacts on university identification and university loyalty. Finally, identification with university showed positive effects on university loyalty.

팀동일시의 이론적 정당성

권형일 국민체육진흥공단 한국스포츠정책과학원 2019 체육과학연구 Vol.30 No.3

[Purpose] Lock and Heere (2017) argued that two different theories of social identity theory(SIT) and role identity theory have been used in previous studies of team identification. However, they failed to provide why such phenomenon existed in the literature of team identification. Thus, the first purpose of the study is to provide the possible reasons why the two theories were used as the ground of team identification in the previous literature. In addition, the current study examined whether team identification was properly developed from SIT by incorporating the cases of organizational identification and consumer-company identification in business literature. [Results & Conclusion] There are two possible explanations on why the two theories have been used in team identification studies. First, in the initial studies of team identification, theoretical ground of team identification was lacking. Thus, without a firm theoretical guidelines, authors might have used the two theories as the ground of team identification. Second, as previous literature noted, the two theories are like the two different sides of a single theory. Thus, authors may have not recognized the need of differentiating the two theories and used the two theories as the ground of team identification. This study also examined whether team identification was properly developed from SIT. The social category in team identification includes two different social identities(team members and fans), which is quite different from a social category with single identity in it. The locus of social category of team was arbitrarily expanded to include fans in the same category. This case is quite similar with consumer-company identification in marketing literature. Future study needs to examine whether the locus of social category can be expanded to include two different social identities. [목적] Lock & Heere(2017)는 팀동일시 연구에서 사회정체성이론과 역할정체성이론이 비정상적으로 혼재되어 사용되었다고 주장을 하였다. 하지만 그들은 왜 그 두 개의 이론이 혼재되어서 사용되었는지에 대한 의견을 제시하지는 못하였다. 본 연구에서는 팀동일시 연구에서 왜 두 개의 이론이 혼재되어 사용되었는가에 대한 이유를 분석하여 제시하고자 한다. 또한 본 연구에서는 이 두 개의 이론이 어떻게 팀동일시와 팬의 행동을 설명하는데 적용이 될 수 있는 지를 알아보았다. 그리고 더 나아가 팀동일시라는 개념이 사회정체성이론을 정확하게 반영을 하고 있는 지를 조직동일시개념과 소비자-기업 동일시 개념을 차용하여 알아보았다. [결과 및 결론] 팀동일시 연구에서 왜 사회정체성이론과 역할정체성이론이 혼재되어 사용되었는지는 두 가지 설명이 가능하다. 첫째는 팀동일시 초기 연구에서 나타나고 있는 이론의 부재이다. 초기 연구에서 경험적인 결과들을 제시하는 것에 급급한 나머지 팀동일시라는 개념이 어떠한 이론적 근간을 갖고 있는 지에 대한 충분한 고찰이 이루어지지 않았고 이로 인해 연구자들이 이 두 개의 이론을 혼합하여 사용한 것으로 볼 수 있다. 둘째, 선행연구에서 제시하고 있듯이 이 두 개의 이론은 마치 한 이론의 양면이라고 할 정도로 유사한 부분이 존재한다. 그러다보니 사전연구에서 이 두 개의 이론을 굳이 구분하여 사용하지 않았고 이로 인해 두 이론이 팀동일시의 근간이 되는 이론으로 제시된 것으로 유추할 수 있다. 본 연구에서는 팀동일시라는 개념이 사회정체성이론을 정확하게 반영하고 있는 지를 점검하였다. 팀동일시 개념 안에 존재하는 사회적 범주는 팀이라는 범주와 팬이라는 범주 두 개가 존재하고 있어 일반적으로 사회정체성이론에서 제시하고 있는 사회적 범주와 상이한 면이 존재한다. 팀이라는 범주의 범위가 임의적으로 확장되어 그 범위 안에 팬이라는 집단이 포함된 상태로 볼 수 있으며 이러한 개념은 마케팅에서 사용하고 있는 소비자-기업 동일시와 같은 맥락으로 볼 수 있다.

日本における階級·階層帰属意識研究の展開

권아람 한국외국어대학교 일본연구소 2019 日本硏究 Vol.0 No.82

Since the 1950s, Japan has seen a rise in empirical research on class and status identification. Since the 1950s most investigations into class and status identification have focused on the effects of objective status and socioeconomic factors. A historical analysis of the research on class and status identification in Japan can lead to a better understanding of Japanese society. In this review, I offer an analysis of the research on class and status identification that took place in post-war Japan. I break down the results of the studies into four major findings: 1) The percentage of people that identify as “working class” has always been high in Japan, regardless of objective status; 2) in the 1970s, there was a weak relationship between “middle class” identification and objective status; 3) the causes of status identification have changed over time, and the effect of objective status has strengthened since the 1980s; and 4) certain factors affect subjective identification, such as objective status, class mobility, reference groups, and demographics . Based on this analysis, it is evident that the mechanisms involved in class and status identification are determined and changed by socioeconomic factors. Moreover, the factors that influence status identification, especially in contemporary Japan, are complex. Finally, I note certain limitations on attempts to research class and status identification and offer ways to strengthen future research.

Integrated neural network model for identifying speech acts, predicators, and sentiments of dialogue utterances

Kim, Minkyoung,Kim, Harksoo Elsevier 2018 Pattern recognition letters Vol.101 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>A dialogue system should capture speakers’ intentions, which can be represented by combinations of speech acts, predicators, and sentiments. To identify these intentions from speakers’ utterances, many studies have independently dealt with speech acts, predicators, and sentiments. However, these three elements composing speakers’ intentions are tightly associated with each other. To resolve this problem, we propose a convolutional neural network model that simultaneously identifies speech acts, predicators, and sentiments. The proposed model has well-designed hidden layers for embedding informative abstractions appropriate for speech act identification, predicator identification, and sentiment identification. Nodes in the hidden layers are partially trained by three cycles of error backpropagation: training the nodes associated with speech act identification, predicator identification, and sentiment identification. In the experiments, the proposed model showed higher F1-scores than independent models: 6.8% higher in speech act identification, 6.2% higher in predicator identification, and 4.9% higher in sentiment identification. Based on the experimental results, we conclude that the proposed integration architecture and partial error backpropagation can help to increase the performance of intention identification.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> CNN-based integration model for simultaneously identifying speech acts, predicators, and sentiments. </LI> <LI> A new layout of hidden nodes for effective integration. </LI> <LI> Better performance than independent identification models. </LI> </UL> </P>

Structural Damage Identification Based on Convolutional Neural Network Group Considering the Sensor Fault

Yong-Peng Luo,Linkun Wang,Xu Guo,Jinlin Zheng,Fei-Yu Liao,Zixiong Guo 대한토목학회 2023 KSCE Journal of Civil Engineering Vol.27 No.8

This article proposes a structural damage identification method based on one-dimensional convolutional neural network group considering sensor faults. The method aims to reduce the damage misjudgment caused by sensor faults. In the proposed method, according to the sensor layout, some convolutional neural network sub-models are established to extract the features from raw vibration data for sensor fault diagnosis and structural damage identification; then two convolutional neural networks groups, namely the sensor fault diagnosis group and the damage identification group are designed on the basis of the functions of each sub-model. The sensor fault diagnosis group determines whether the sensor data is abnormal and truncates the abnormal signal. The remaining normal signal are entered into the damage identification group and the final damage identification results are calculated according to the statistical decision module. The effectiveness of the devised method is verified by the IASC–ASCE benchmark structure and laboratory experiments. The results demonstrate that the sensor fault diagnosis and damage identification accuracy of each sub-model ranges from 98.54% to 99.77% and from 87.21% to 91.74% respectively at different noise levels; the damage identification group can reduce the impact of sub-model misjudgment on the structural damage identification. The accuracy of the final damage identification results is 100%. The identification time of all samples in the test set is 53.09 s and 22.93 s, respectively, for SHM benchmark and Laboratory experiment cases. And the average judgment time of each submodel in the sensor fault diagnosis group was 278 and 94 ms, and that of each submodel in the damage identification group was 294 and 105 ms, respectively, for a single test sample, which fulfills the requirements of online damage identification for structural health monitoring.

전립선비대증 변증도구의 신뢰도 평가 및 IPSS, 요속과의 상관관계에 대한 탐색적 연구

전천후,구지향,강위창,장은수,이은정,정인철,조충식 대한한방내과학회 2020 大韓韓方內科學會誌 Vol.41 No.6

Objectives: To evaluate the reliability of a pattern identification tool for benign prostatic hyperplasia and to examine the relationship between pattern identification tool readings and IPSS and uroflowmetry. Methods: We analyzed 56 patients diagnosed with benign prostatic hyperplasia from December 27th, 2017 to December 26th, 2018 by two different Korean medical doctors and followed with a pattern identification tool and by IPSS and uroflowmetry. One week later, the patients were retested to analyze the reliability of the pattern identification tool, determined with the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) using the test-retest method. The correlation between IPSS and uroflowmetry was analyzed with the Pearson coefficient. Result: The reliability of the pattern identification tool for benign prostatic hyperplasia was evaluated as “poor agreement beyond chance” (ICC=0.349). The reliability of each pattern identification score was evaluated as “good” for Yang Deficiency of Kidney, Yin Deficiency of Kidney, Deficiency of Middle Qi, and Dampness-heat of Lower Energizer. The internal consistency was evaluated as “good” for Yang Deficiency of Kidney, Yin Deficiency of Kidney, and Dampness-heat of Lower Energizer, and as “excellent” for Deficiency of Middle Qi. The correlation between pattern identification and IPSS was evaluated as a “moderate positive correlation” for all pattern identifications. The average flow rate and maximum flow rate using uroflowmetry was evaluated with “moderate negative correlation” for Yang Deficiency of Kidney and Dampness-heat of Lower Energizer. Conclusion: The reliability of a pattern identification tool for benign prostatic hyperplasia was evaluated as “poor agreement beyond chance.” Further research is needed. Objectives: To evaluate the reliability of a pattern identification tool for benign prostatic hyperplasia and to examine the relationship between pattern identification tool readings and IPSS and uroflowmetry. Methods: We analyzed 56 patients diagnosed with benign prostatic hyperplasia from December 27th, 2017 to December 26th, 2018 by two different Korean medical doctors and followed with a pattern identification tool and by IPSS and uroflowmetry. One week later, the patients were retested to analyze the reliability of the pattern identification tool, determined with the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) using the test-retest method. The correlation between IPSS and uroflowmetry was analyzed with the Pearson coefficient. Result: The reliability of the pattern identification tool for benign prostatic hyperplasia was evaluated as “poor agreement beyond chance” (ICC=0.349). The reliability of each pattern identification score was evaluated as “good” for Yang Deficiency of Kidney, Yin Deficiency of Kidney, Deficiency of Middle Qi, and Dampness-heat of Lower Energizer. The internal consistency was evaluated as “good” for Yang Deficiency of Kidney, Yin Deficiency of Kidney, and Dampness-heat of Lower Energizer, and as “excellent” for Deficiency of Middle Qi. The correlation between pattern identification and IPSS was evaluated as a “moderate positive correlation” for all pattern identifications. The average flow rate and maximum flow rate using uroflowmetry was evaluated with “moderate negative correlation” for Yang Deficiency of Kidney and Dampness-heat of Lower Energizer. Conclusion: The reliability of a pattern identification tool for benign prostatic hyperplasia was evaluated as “poor agreement beyond chance.” Further research is needed. Objectives: To evaluate the reliability of a pattern identification tool for benign prostatic hyperplasia and to examine the relationship between pattern identification tool readings and IPSS and uroflowmetry. Methods: We analyzed 56 patients diagnosed with benign prostatic hyperplasia from December 27th, 2017 to December 26th, 2018 by two different Korean medical doctors and followed with a pattern identification tool and by IPSS and uroflowmetry. One week later, the patients were retested to analyze the reliability of the pattern identification tool, determined with the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) using the test-retest method. The correlation between IPSS and uroflowmetry was analyzed with the Pearson coefficient. Result: The reliability of the pattern identification tool for benign prostatic hyperplasia was evaluated as “poor agreement beyond chance” (ICC=0.349). The reliability of each pattern identification score was evaluated as “good” for Yang Deficiency of Kidney, Yin Deficiency of Kidney, Deficiency of Middle Qi, and Dampness-heat of Lower Energizer. The internal consistency was evaluated as “good” for Yang Deficiency of Kidney, Yin Deficiency of Kidney, and Dampness-heat of Lower Energizer, and as “excellent” for Deficiency of Middle Qi. The correlation between pattern identification and IPSS was evaluated as a “moderate positive correlation” for all pattern identifications. The average flow rate and maximum flow rate using uroflowmetry was evaluated with “moderate negative correlation” for Yang Deficiency of Kidney and Dampness-heat of Lower Energizer. Conclusion: The reliability of a pattern identification tool for benign prostatic hyperplasia was evaluated as “poor agreement beyond chance.” Further research is needed.