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- 주제어 : Electrodialysis (검색결과 287 건)
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Kyung Jin Min,Joo Hyeong Kim,Eun Joo Oh,Jun Hee Ryu,Ki Young Park 대한환경공학회 2021 Environmental Engineering Research Vol.26 No.2
Electrodialysis has been used for treating toxic substances such as heavy metals and minimizing secondary environmental pollution problems effectively. However, electrodialysis depends on the operating parameters as well as fluid dynamics and electrical properties. This study provides design elements for the treatment of heavy metal-containing wastewater by electrodialysis. We found that the limiting current density (LCD) is proportional but not completely linear to the diluate concentration over a threshold value. In contrast, it is linear to the linear flow velocity for the whole range. As the number of cell pairs increases, because linear flow velocity and LCD increase, the removal efficiency of heavy metals also increases. Therefore, for highly concentrated wastewater, increasing the linear flow velocity, the applied voltage, and the number of cell pairs can effectively improve removal efficiency. It was found that the current efficiency is as low as 17% when the removal efficiency of heavy metals exceeds 95%. Thus, it is necessary to select an operating range that optimizes the operating and initial investment costs for the effective removal of heavy metals using electrodialysis.
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Kundu, C.,Lee, J.W. Elsevier 2016 INDUSTRIAL CROPS AND PRODUCTS Vol.83 No.-
<P>In this study, different detoxification treatments (XAD-4 resin adsorption [XAD] and electrodialysis) on oxalic acid pretreated hydrolysate were evaluated. Two different detoxification processes were applied to remove fermentation inhibitors from the oxalic acid pretreated hydrolysate of eucalyptus. The hydrolysates contain sugars (glucose, xylose, and arabinose) and inhibitors. Acetic acid was the main inhibitor in the original hydrolysate, and more total phenolic compounds were generated than hydroxymethyl furfural and furfural. The acetic acid was removed 100% by the electrodialysis process, and total phenolic compounds and furfural were effectively removed from the hydrolysate by XAD. Based on the process order, the combined electrodialysis-XAD process was more effective for ethanol fermentation compared to the combined XAD-electrodialysis process. Ethanol fermentation was successfully performed using the electrodialysis-XAD-treated hydrolysate and achieved a production of 7.83 g/L of ethanol, corresponding to an ethanol yield of 0.40 gig within 48 h. Fourier transform infrared, X-ray diffractometer, and scanning electron microscopy were used to investigate the characteristics of the raw material and pretreated biomass. The results showed that most of the hemicellulose was degraded during oxalic acid pretreatment. Therefore, the crystallinity value increased from 49.79% to 56.93%. The surface of the raw material was smooth, plump, and compact, whereas the pretreated biomass was more fragmented. (c) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.</P>
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이미순,김찬수,김한기,정남조,김필,최영우 한국공업화학회 2017 한국공업화학회 연구논문 초록집 Vol.2017 No.1
A porous substrate with a microscopic network structure was used to prepare anion and cation exchange membranes. These membrane pairs had a low Ohmic resistance, and their performance in a reverse electrodialysis stack was >1.3 times higher than some commercially available membrane pairs. The low membrane resistance resulted from the membrane’s thinness, swelling properties, and locally focused ion conducting phase. The swelling ratio of the prepared membranes was determined by the dimensional changes in the XY and XY-Z directions before and after swelling. High-angle annular darkfield scanning transmission electron microscopy (HAADF-STEM) analysis was used to confirm the localization of the conducting components. These results were also compared with commercially available membranes.
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A Cyclic Voltammetric Study of Electrodes for Reverse Electrodialysis
이서윤,박진수,강문성,이동주,연경호,김우구 한국전기화학회 2013 한국전기화학회지 Vol.16 No.3
In this study, the electrochemical investigation of various electrodes for reverse electrodialysis using potassium ferrocyanide and potassium ferricyanide as a redox system was carried out. Cyclic voltammetry was the employed method for this electrochemical study. From the results of cyclic voltammograms for various electrode materials, i.e., Au, Vulcan supported Pt, activated carbon, carbon nanofiber, Vulcan, the Vulcan electrode showed the lowest overpotential, but the Pt electrode having slightly higher overpotential obtained slightly higher anodic and cathodic current densities for the Fe(CN)6 4−/Fe(CN)6 3− redox couple. The cyclic voltammograms for the Vulcan electrode confirmed very good electrochemical reversibility and kinetic behavior. As a result, among the electrode materials, the Vulcan electrode is the most promising electrode material for reverse electrodialysis.
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Hwa-Won Ryu,김영민,위영중 한국생물공학회 2012 Biotechnology and Bioprocess Engineering Vol.17 No.6
An experimental investigation was presented to determine the optimum configuration of influential parameters (concentrate volume, flow rate, temperature,initial lactate concentration, voltage, and impurities) for the best performance. AMX-CMX ion-exchange membranes were used in all experiments. Temperature was found to possess an important role in the increase of lactate recovery, and it was not increased to high values due to membrane destruction. When the higher voltage was applied to electrodialyzer, the better performance of electrodialysis was observed due to enhancement of the driving force. It was found that, to achieve an optimum operating condition,feed volume, concentrate volume, flow rate, temperature,initial lactate concentration in concentrate, and voltage should be 2 L, 1 L, 0.8 L/min, 32ºC, 1 g/L, and 15.0 V,respectively. Under these optimized conditions, 97% of lactate was successfully recovered from the fermentation broth, where the lactate flux and energy cost were 7.2 ± 0.6moles/m2/h and 0.25 kWh/kg, respectively. The results of experiments indicate that the lactic acid in the fermentation broth can be economically purified by electrodialysis.
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A Cyclic Voltammetric Study of Electrodes for Reverse Electrodialysis
Lee, Seo-Yoon,Lee, Dong-Ju,Yeon, Kyeong-Ho,Kim, Woo-Gu,Kang, Moon-Sung,Park, Jin-Soo The Korean Electrochemical Society 2013 한국전기화학회지 Vol.16 No.3
In this study, the electrochemical investigation of various electrodes for reverse electrodialysis using potassium ferrocyanide and potassium ferricyanide as a redox system was carried out. Cyclic voltammetry was the employed method for this electrochemical study. From the results of cyclic voltammograms for various electrode materials, i.e., Au, Vulcan supported Pt, activated carbon, carbon nanofiber, Vulcan, the Vulcan electrode showed the lowest overpotential, but the Pt electrode having slightly higher overpotential obtained slightly higher anodic and cathodic current densities for the $Fe(CN)_6{^{4-}}/Fe(CN)_6{^{3-}}$ redox couple. The cyclic voltammograms for the Vulcan electrode confirmed very good electrochemical reversibility and kinetic behavior. As a result, among the electrode materials, the Vulcan electrode is the most promising electrode material for reverse electrodialysis.
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Utilization of Metal/Air Reverse Electrodialysis for the Production of Electricity
Shristi Bevinakatti,김정환,박재우 한국퇴적환경준설학회 2023 한국환경준설학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2023 No.11
A new electrochemical system aluminium- air reverse electrodialysis cell with metal anode and air cathode for producing electricity was approached. Previous studies with Al- air batteries was achieved for a stable power production of 146.7 mW/g and 2119.09 Wh/kg. The study aimed to evaluate the electricity production. The cell containing eleven pairs of high concentration (HC) and low concentration (LC) with the novel flow design where the HC and LC are directed serially into every cell of the stack. Anolyte and catholyte was used for different optimization with recirculation (R) and without recirculation (WRC-10 and WRC-598) to study the effective operation methods. The cell produced 0.698-1.449 W/m2 of maximum power density with 8 h of operation time for WRC-10, WRC-598 and R, respectively. The results hold good for electricity production with a new technique of Al-air reverse electrodialysis.
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Application of Metal/air Reverse Electrodialysis for Electricity Production
Shristi Bevinakatti,Jung Hwan Kim,Jae-Woo Park 한국퇴적환경준설학회 2023 한국환경준설학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2023 No.5
A new electrochemical system aluminium- air reverse electrodialysis cell with metal anode and air cathode for producing electricity was approached. Previous studies with Al- air batteries was achieved for a stable power production of 146.7 mW/g and 2119.09 Wh/kg. The study aimed to evaluate the electricity production. The cell containing eleven pairs of high concentration (HC) and low concentration (LC) with the novel flow design where the HC (600 mM) and LC (12 mM) are directed serially into every cell of the stack. Anolyte and catholyte was used for different optimization with recirculation (R-0) and without recirculation (WR-10 and WR-598) to study the effective operation methods. The cell produced 0.698-1.449 W/m2 of maximum power density with 8 h of operation time for WR-10, WR-598 and R-0, respectively. The results hold good for electricity production with a new technique of Al-air reverse electrodialysis.
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Kim, Jae-Hun,Lee, Jin-Hyun,Maurya, Sandip,Shin, Sung-Hee,Lee, Jae-Young,Chang, In Seop,Moon, Seung-Hyeon Elsevier Inc. 2016 Electrochemistry Communications Vol.72 No.-
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>The acid-base junction potential can be used to generate electricity instead of the reduction-oxidation potential, which is often used for energy conversion between chemical energy and electricity. In this study, reverse bipolar electrodialysis was designed for energy conversion between acid-base solutions and electricity. Operating a flow battery with various HCl/NaOH concentrations, or an ABJFB, the current-voltage relationships showed typical polarization curves that were similar to those obtained in power generation from a fuel cell. We further demonstrated that the cell can be operated in a charge/discharge cyclic mode in a single cell. To the best of our knowledge, this study is the first report on a proof-of-concept experiment demonstrating the cyclic operation of an ABJFB.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> An acid-base junction flow battery was constructed by using reverse electrodialysis with a bipolar membrane. </LI> <LI> The current-voltage relationships showed polarization curves of an energy conversion system using acid and base solutions. </LI> <LI> A flow battery was operated to demonstrate the charge and discharge cycles based on reverse bipolar electrodialysis. </LI> </UL> </P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>
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Lee, Eun-Gyo,Kang, Sang-Hyeon,Kim, Hyun-Han,Chang, Yong-Keun The Korean Society for Biotechnology and Bioengine 2006 Biotechnology and Bioprocess Engineering Vol.11 No.4
A two-stage process of nanofiltration and water-splitting electrodialysis was investigated for lactic acid recovery from fermentation broth. In this process, sodium lactate is isolated from fermentation broth in the first stage of nanofiltration by using an NTR-729HF membrane, and then is converted to lactic acid in the second stage by water-splitting electrodialysis. To determine the optimal operating conditions for nanofiltration, the effects of pressure, lactate concentration, pH, and known added impurities were studied. Lactate rejection was less than 5%, magnesium rejection approximated 45%, and calcium rejection was at 40%. In subsequent water-splitting electrodialysis, both the sodium lactate conversion to lactic acid and sodium hydroxide recovery, were about 95%, with a power requirement of $0.9{\sim}1.0\; kWh$ per kg of lactate.
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