Antioxidant and Biological Activity in the Leaves of Adzuki Bean (Vigna angularis L.)

Kyung Jun Lee,Jung-Ro Lee,Myoung-Jae Shin,Gyu-Taek Cho,Ho-Sun Lee,Kyung-Ho Ma,Gi-An Lee,Jong-Wook Chung 한국자원식물학회 2018 한국자원식물학회지 Vol.31 No.3

The adzuki bean (Vigna angularis L.) is a red-grained legume that has a number of essential nutrients and is used in traditional dishes in Asia. Adzuki bean industrial by-products are also a potential low-cost source of some unique bioactive polyphenols. Hence, here, the authors aimed to perform a comparative study of the phytochemical profiles of the leaves and seeds of the adzuki bean and compare their antioxidant, α-glucosidase inhibition, and tyrosinase inhibition activity. The authors assessed antioxidant activity by DPPH, ABTS, FRAP, PR, TPC, and SOD assays, which showed wide variation, respectively. From the relative antioxidant capacity index results, 10 adzuki bean landraces were selected to compare for phytochemicals and bioactivity using leaf and seed extracts. Antioxidant, α-glucosidase inhibition, and tyrosinase inhibition activity in the leaf extracts were higher than in the seed extracts, and there were more flavonols and isoflavones in the leaf extracts than in the seed extracts. This study demonstrated that adzuki bean leaf extracts could be a new natural antioxidant or antidiabetic agent and a skin whitener and can also be used in industrial applications.

다류의 유형별 항산화 성분함량 및 항산화 활성 연구

김명길,오문석,전종섭,김한택,윤미혜 한국식품위생안전성학회 2016 한국식품위생안전성학회지 Vol.31 No.2

The purpose of this study was to investigate the contents of antioxidant compounds and antioxidant activities in teas. A total of 99 teas were tested for their antioxidant activities based on their ability to scavenge DPPH (1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl) free radical. Antioxidant activity was expressed as mg of ascorbic acid equivalents per 100 g tea sample (L-ascorbic acid equivalent antioxidant capacity, AEAC) and was expressed as mg per 1 serving size(free radical scavenging activity, FSC50). The total polyphenol contents of the extracts was quantified using the Folin-Ciocalteu method and the total flavonoid contents of the extracts was determined using a modified method of Davis. Vitamin C was analyzed by HPLC method. According to the AEAC value, mate tea, green tea, black tea, oriental raisin tea, chamomile tea and burdock tea showed relatively high antioxidant activities. Polyphenolic compounds were the major naturally occurring antioxidant compounds found in teas and the high concentrations of total polyphenol compounds were observed in black tea, green tea and mate tea. The high concentrations of total flavonoid compounds were observed in mate tea, black tea and yam tea and the amount of vitamin C contents were found to be high in citron tea and green tea. As a result, steeping tea was much higher in antioxidant activity than either powdered tea or liquefied tea. According to the study, a high correlation was demonstrated between the total polyphenol contents and antioxidant activities in teas(r=0.846) and correlations between the total flavonoid contents and antioxidant activities was statistically significant in teas(r=0.625). It was found that also the proportional relationship established among the total polyphenol content and antioxidant activities. That is, antioxidant activity of teas has been confirmed to have been caused by the total polyphenol.

DPPH 방법을 통한 녹차의 항산화 활성에 대한 연구

강정숙 제주대학교 방사능이용연구소 2003 연구보고 Vol.17 No.-

The present study was conducted to compare antioxidant activity of green tea and related other common teas according to growing, processing and brewing by examining radical scavenging activity using DPPH (2,2 Diphenyl 1-picryl hydrazyl). SC_(50) of epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) for 0.1mM DPPH radical were 5.5μM or 4.2㎎/ℓ by weight, then catechin, 14μM or 2.5㎎/ℓand vit C, 22μM or 3.9㎎/ℓ respectively. Okro tea powder of 24.2㎎/ℓ or green tea powder of 25.2㎎/ℓ was used to reach SC_(50) for 0.1mM DPPH. One serving of 2g green tea provides antioxidant activity equivalent to 109∼147㎎ EGCG, 130∼182㎎ catechin or 142∼168㎎ vit C. Teas from the first spring flush had the highest radical scavenging activity when compared with later harvest green tea grown in the same region, but there virtually is no difference by the harvest time. Chinese green tea, Younjung had the highest antioxidant activity among other green teas tested providing antioxidant capacity equivalent to 168㎎ EGCG or 188㎎ vit C per 2g serving, but partially fermented Chinese teas had much lower antioxidant activity than any green tea tested. Black tea which is fully fermented showed as strong antioxidant activity as green teas when compared in teabag. One teabag of green teas from market provided antixidant effect equivalent to 50∼85㎎ EGCG, 70∼105㎎ catechin or 60∼95㎎ vit C. Teas made of persimon, pine needle, mulberry had comparatively low antioxidant effect of 2.5∼3.5㎎ EGCG or 15∼20㎎ vit C per teabag. The third brewed green gea still had enough antioxidant activity, while tea from teabag brewed for 3min or 5min did not have any difference in their antioxidant activity. In conclusion, reen tea from the first harvest had more antioxidant activity and okro which is grown under shade had more or at least as much antioxidant activity as the green tea grown in the same region. Partially fermented Chinese teas were low in antioxidant effect while fully fermented black tea had strong antioxidant ctivity. More systemic studies are needed to clarify the changes in tea catechins in relation with fermantation process.

Antioxidant and free radical scavenging activities of Cleome rutidosperma

Anindya Bose,Sumanta Mondal,Jayanta Kumar Gupta,Tirtha Ghosh,Debabrata Debbhuti,Sudam Si 경희대학교 융합한의과학연구소 2008 Oriental Pharmacy and Experimental Medicine Vol.8 No.2

The study was aimed at evaluating the antioxidant and free radical scavenging activities of ethanolic extract and its fractions of Cleome rutidosperma. The antioxidant activity, reducing power, total phenolic content, total flavonoid content, superoxide anion scavenging activity, nitric oxide anion scavenging activity, in vitro antilipid peroxidation activity and in vitro nonenzymatic hemoglobin glycosylation were studied. The results obtained in the study indicate that Cleome rutidosperma is a potential source of natural antioxidant. All the parameters were found to be concentration dependent and increased with increasing amounts of sample. Flavonoids, phenolic compound like tannins, terpenoids may be responsible for the antioxidant activity of the plant. Variation of solubility parameters in various models may be attributed to non-linearity of activity of ethanol extract fractions models. Further investigation on the isolation and identification of antioxidant component(s) in the plant may lead to chemical entities with potential for clinical use. The study was aimed at evaluating the antioxidant and free radical scavenging activities of ethanolic extract and its fractions of Cleome rutidosperma. The antioxidant activity, reducing power, total phenolic content, total flavonoid content, superoxide anion scavenging activity, nitric oxide anion scavenging activity, in vitro antilipid peroxidation activity and in vitro nonenzymatic hemoglobin glycosylation were studied. The results obtained in the study indicate that Cleome rutidosperma is a potential source of natural antioxidant. All the parameters were found to be concentration dependent and increased with increasing amounts of sample. Flavonoids, phenolic compound like tannins, terpenoids may be responsible for the antioxidant activity of the plant. Variation of solubility parameters in various models may be attributed to non-linearity of activity of ethanol extract fractions models. Further investigation on the isolation and identification of antioxidant component(s) in the plant may lead to chemical entities with potential for clinical use.

Antioxidant Contents and Antioxidant Activities of White and Colored Potatoes (Solanum tuberosum L.)

Lee, Sang Hoon,Oh, Seung Hee,Hwang, In Guk,Kim, Hyun Young,Woo, Koan Sik,Woo, Shun Hee,Kim, Hong Sig,Lee, Junsoo,Jeong, Heon Sang The Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition 2016 Preventive Nutrition and Food Science Vol.21 No.2

This study was performed to evaluate and compare the antioxidant substance content and antioxidant activities of white (Superior) and colored (Hongyoung, Jayoung, Jasim, Seohong, and Jaseo) potatoes. The potatoes were extracted with 80% ethanol and were evaluated for the total polyphenol, flavonoid, and anthocyanin contents and for 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH)/2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) diammonium salt (ABTS) radical scavenging activity, reducing power, and ferrous metal ion chelating effect. The total polyphenol, flavonoid, and anthocyanin contents of Hongyoung and Jayoung were higher than white and other colored potatoes. All colored potato extracts, except for Jaseo and Seohong, showed higher ABTS radical scavenging activities than the general white potato extract. Hongyoung and Jayoung had the highest ABTS and DPPH radical scavenging activities. Optical density values for the reducing power of Jayoung and Jaseo at concentration of 2 mg/mL were 0.148 and 0.090, respectively. All colored potato extracts had lower ferrous metal ion chelating effect than the white potato. A significant (P<0.05) positive correlation was observed between total polyphenol content and total flavonoid content (r=0.919), anthocyanin content (r=0.992), and ABTS radical scavenging activity (r=0.897). Based on these results, this research may be useful in developing the Hongyoung and Jayoung cultivars with high antioxidant activities.

Evaluation of Phytochemical econtents and antioxidant activity of Korean common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L) landraces

Kyung Jun Lee,Myoung-Jae Shin,Gyu-Taek Cho,Gi-An Lee,Kyung-Ho Ma,Jong-Wook Chung,Jung-Ro Lee 한국국제농업개발학회 2018 韓國國際農業開發學會誌 Vol.30 No.4

1. 본 연구는 한국 재래종 강낭콩 209자원의 phytochemical 및 항산화활성을 평가하였다. 2. 항산화활성은 DPPH, ABTS, FRAP, SOD를 분석하였으며 phytochemical은 kaempferol, myricetin, quercetin, naringenin 함량을 각각 분석하였다. 3. 항산화활성은 강낭콩 자원 간 다양한 분포를 보였으며 DPPH의 경우 62.3~643.9 (IC50), ABTS의 경우 0.28~1.49 mgAAE/g, FRAP의 경우 0.41~5.44 mgAAE/g, SOD의 경우 50.4 ~ 299.8 (IC50)로 나타났다. 4. Relative antioxidant capacity index (RACI)로 강낭콩 자원의 항산화활성을 비교한 결과 IT104587이 가장 높은 항산화활성을 보였으며 IT189598이 가장 낮은 항산화활성을 보였다. 5. 분석된 Phytochemical 중에서 한국 재래종 강낭콩에서는 Kaempferol이 가장 높은 함량을 나타냈다. 6. PCA 분석 결과 209자원은 3개의 그룹으로 나뉘었으며 이중 그룹 III에 속한 46자원의 강낭콩이 낮은 항산화활성 및 phytochemical 함량을 보였다. 7. 본 연구 결과는 한국 재래종 강낭콩의 항산화활성 및 phytochemical 정보를 제공하며 이 정보는 강낭콩 품종 개발을 위한 기초 정보로 사용될 수 있을 것이다. The Korean common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) has been receiving increased attention as a functional food. The objective of this study was to reveal the phytochemicals genetic variation and antioxidant activity of 209 Korean common bean landraces. Antioxidant activity was evaluated with the DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picryl-hydrazyl-hydrate), ABTS (2,2’-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid), ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP), and superoxide dismutase (SOD) assay. Antioxidant activities among common bean accessions showed wide variation. Four flavonoids (kaempferol, myricetin, quercetin, and naringenin) of the 209 Korean common bean landraces were measured using HPLC. Among them, kaempferol had the highest phytochemicals compared to the other three flavonoids. Using the relative antioxidant capacity index (RACI), it was found out that the IT104587 had the highest antioxidant activity. Meanwhile, in clustering analysis, the Korean common bean landraces were classified into three clusters. Among them, cluster II contained 64 landraces with higher antioxidant activities and phytochemicals than the other clusters, except DPPH. The results could provide information on the valuable Korean common bean landraces for the development of new common bean varieties.

Antioxidant and antibacterial activities of Trema orientalis Linn : an indigenous medicinal plant of indian subcontinent

Sarder Nasir Uddin 경희대학교 융합한의과학연구소 2008 Oriental Pharmacy and Experimental Medicine Vol.8 No.4

Methanol and aqueous extract of leaves of Trema orientalis Linn. were subjected to the potential antioxidant and antibacterial activities. The pharmacological interest of this plant coupled with traditional use (antidiarrhoeal, antiseptic, analgesic etc) prompted to test for antioxidant and antibacterial activities. The antioxidant potential of the methanolic extract was determined on the basis of their scavenging activity of the stable 1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl hydrazyl free radical. IC50 of the methanol extract of T. orientalis was 110.25 μg/ml which indicated the strong antioxidant activity of the plant. However the aqueous extract showed mild antioxidant activity. In case of antibacterial activities test, the extract was subjected for its effectiveness against both Grampositive and Gram-negative bacteria in agar diffusion method. The zones of inhibition produced by the crude methanol and aqueous extract against few sensitive strains were measured and compared with those of standard antibiotic Gentamycin. It is evident that both extracts are active against the bacteria at low concentrations. The obtained results provide a support for the use of this plant in traditional medicine and suggest its further advance investigation. Methanol and aqueous extract of leaves of Trema orientalis Linn. were subjected to the potential antioxidant and antibacterial activities. The pharmacological interest of this plant coupled with traditional use (antidiarrhoeal, antiseptic, analgesic etc) prompted to test for antioxidant and antibacterial activities. The antioxidant potential of the methanolic extract was determined on the basis of their scavenging activity of the stable 1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl hydrazyl free radical. IC50 of the methanol extract of T. orientalis was 110.25 μg/ml which indicated the strong antioxidant activity of the plant. However the aqueous extract showed mild antioxidant activity. In case of antibacterial activities test, the extract was subjected for its effectiveness against both Grampositive and Gram-negative bacteria in agar diffusion method. The zones of inhibition produced by the crude methanol and aqueous extract against few sensitive strains were measured and compared with those of standard antibiotic Gentamycin. It is evident that both extracts are active against the bacteria at low concentrations. The obtained results provide a support for the use of this plant in traditional medicine and suggest its further advance investigation.

Comparison in Antioxidant Activities and Total Polyphenol Contents of Safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.) Germplasm Collection

Jung Sook Sung,Ho Cheol Ko,On Sook Hur,Sang Gyu Kim,Jung Ro Lee,Binod P. Luitel,Jae Gyun Gwag,Hyung Jin Baek,Kyoung Yul Ryu 한국국제농업개발학회 2015 韓國國際農業開發學會誌 Vol.27 No.3

사우디아라비아 북부지역에서 수집된 홍화 총 100자원에 대 한 총폴리페놀 함량 및 항산화 활성을 평가하여 항산화활성이 높은 홍화자원을 선발하고자 연구를 수행하였으며 그 결과는 다음과 같다. 1. 총 100자원의 홍화유전자원에 대한 총폴리페놀 함량은 14.2 ± 0.41 μg GAE mg−1dw에서 81.6 ± 1.56μg GAEmg−1dw 까지 분포하였다. DPPH 라디컬 소거능은 1.6 ± 0.07 μg ASC mg−1 dw에서 14.1 ± 0.23 μg ASCmg−1 dw까지 활성을 나 타냈다. ABTS 활성은 34.5 ± 0.70 μg Trolox mg−1 dw에서 156.5 ± 3.06 μg Trolox mg−1 dw까지 평가되었다. 항산화활성 을 측정한 DPPH와 ABTS 활성간에는 상당한 유의성(r = 0.954**)을 보였다. 2. 홍화자원 100자원의 총폴리페놀 함량 및 항산화활성 결 과값에 대한 상호관계를 분석하여 활성이 높은 그룹(Group1)을 얻었다. Group1에 포함된 8개의 홍화자원은 나머지 그룹에 속한 자원들에 비해 항산화활성이 높았으며, 이중 K185841, K185879, K185863은 Group1내의 다른 자원들보다도 항산화 활성이 상당히 높아 홍화육종이나 기능성물질연구에 좋은 소 재가 될 것으로 사료된다. This study was undertaken to select genetic resources of safflower with high antioxidant activities. A total of 100 accessions were obtained from the National Agrobiodiversity Center (NAC) of Korea. Total polyphenol contents (TPC) and antioxidant activities of 1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl-hydrazil (DPPH) and 2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid) (ABTS) in 75 % ethanol seed extract of safflower germplasm were determined. TPC ranged from 14.2 ± 0.41 to 81.6 ± 1.56 μg GAE mg-1dry weight (dw). Safflower seed extracts showed variation in DPPH antioxidant activities ranging from 1.6 ± 0.07 to 14.1 ± 0.23 μg ASC mg-1 dw. Antioxidant activities of ABTS ranged from 34.5 ± 0.70 to 156.5 ± 3.06 μg Trolox mg-1 dw. ABTS values showed significant positive correlation (r=0.954**) with DPPH activity. Group I (8 accessions) having high antioxidant activities were obtained by the matrix of calculated distances of TPC and antioxidant activities. K185841, K185879, and K185863 among group I germplasm had higher TPC and antioxidant activities than other accessions. These genotypes are potential sources of natural antioxidants. Therefore, this study provides valuable information for safflower breeders and growers to develop new varieties and produce functional foods.

Effect of Extraction Conditions of Green Tea on Antioxidant Activity and EGCG Content: Optimization using Response Surface Methodology

김문준,안종훈,김선범,조양희,Qing Liu,황방연,이미경 한국생약학회 2016 Natural Product Sciences Vol.22 No.4

Green tea, the leaves of Camellia sinsneis (Theaceae), is generally acknowledged as the most consumed beverage with multiple pharmacological functions including antioxidant activity. This study was performed to analyze the effect of extraction conditions of green tea on its antioxidant effects using DPPH assay. Three extraction factors such as extraction solvent (EtOH, 0 - 100%), extraction time (3 - 15 min) and extraction temperature (10 - 70 ℃) were analyzed and optimized extraction condition for antioxidant activity of green tea extract (GTE) was determined using response surface methodology with three-level-three-factor Box-Behnken design (BBD). Regression analysis showed a good fit of data and the optimal conditions of extraction were found to be 57.7% EtOH, 15 min and 70 oC. Under this condition, antioxidant activity of experimental data was 88.4% which was almost fit to the ideal value of 88.6%. As epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) is known for the major ingredient for antioxidant activity of green tea, we investigated the effect of EGCG on antioxidant activity of GTE. EGCG showed antioxidant activity with the IC50 value of 4.2 mg/ml and a positive correlation was observed between EGCG content and the antioxidant activity of GTE with R² = 0.7134. Interestingly, however, GTE with 50 - 70% antioxidant activity contain less than 1.0 mg/ml of EGCG, which is much lower than IC50 value of EGCG. Therefore, we suppose that EGCG together with other constituents contribute to antioxidant activity of GTE. Taken together, these results suggest that green tea is more beneficial than EGCG alone for antioxidant ability and optimal extraction condition of green tea will be useful for the development of food and pharmaceutical applications

Antioxidant and Antimicrobial Properties of Some Lichens and Their Constituents

Marijana Kosanic,Branislav Rankovic' 한국식품영양과학회 2011 Journal of medicinal food Vol.14 No.12

The aim of this study is to examine the in vitro antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of the acetone,methanol, and aqueous extracts of the lichens Cladonia furcata (many-forked Cladonia), Hypogymnia physodes (puffed lichen), and Umbilicaria polyphylla (manyleaf navel lichen) and the antimicrobial activity of fumarprotocetraric acid, gyrophoric acid, and physodic acid isolated from the respective lichen species. Antioxidant activity was evaluated by five different methods: free radical scavenging, superoxide anion radical scavenging, reducing power, determination of total phenolic compounds, and determination of total flavonoid content. U. polyphyla exhibited more powerful antioxidant activities than the other lichen species examined: methanol extracts of U. polyphyla showed 90.08% free radical scavenging activities (the ratio was greater than those of standard antioxidants). Moreover, the extracts tested had effective reducing power and superoxide anion radical scavenging. Total contents of phenol and flavonoid in extracts were determined as pyrocatechol equivalents and as rutin equivalents, respectively. A significant strong relationship between total phenolic and flavonoid contents and their antioxidative activities was observed. The antimicrobial activity was estimated by determination of the minimal inhibitory concentration by the broth microdilution method against six species of bacteria and 10 species of fungi. In general, the lichen extracts tested and their respective acids had relatively strong antimicrobial activity against the microorganisms tested. The present study shows that the lichen species tested demonstrated strong antioxidant and antimicrobial activities. The results suggest that lichens may be used as good sources of natural antioxidants and for pharmaceutical purposes in treating various diseases.