고령자의 노화 불안, 제품의 연령 범주 단서 및 광고의 조절 초점 메시지가 제품 구매의도에 미치는 영향

이동열,강정석 강원대학교 사회과학연구원 2023 사회과학연구 Vol.62 No.3

The goal of this study is to examine how older adults’ aging anxiety moderates the differential effect of age-related category cue of product and regulatory focused messages in ad on product purchase intention. To achieve the goal, an online experiment using 2 (age-related category cue of product: presence vs. absence of phrase of ‘for silver generation’) × 2 (regulatory focused message type: promotion focused message vs. prevention focused message) conditions of ads for a cosmetic product (foundation) was conducted. Results obtained from statistical analyses for the data of 243 females aged over 60 years are as follows. First, for low aging anxiety group of participants, their intention to purchase the product suggested by promotion focused message in ad was higher in presence of age-related category cue of product than in absence of age-related category cue of product. However, a big difference in their intention to purchase the product suggested by prevention focused message in ad did not occur between conditions for presence and absence of age-related category cue of product. Second, there was no interaction effect of age-related category cue of product and regulatory focused messages in ad on the product purchase intention among medium aging anxiety group of participants. Lastly, for high aging anxiety group of participants, their intention to purchase the product suggested by prevention focused message in ad was higher in presence of age-related category cue of product than in absence of age-related category cue of product. But a big difference in their intention to purchase the product suggested by promotion focused message in ad did not occur between conditions for presence and absence of age-related category cue of product. These findings can help expand our understanding of older adults’ ad information processing.

펜타입 압저항 센서를 활용한 연령별 맥파 특성 및 맥파의 대사증후군에의 적용 가능성 평가

하예진,조문영,윤종민,전규상,박수정,신선호,Ha, Ye-Jin,Cho, Mun-Young,Yun, Jong-Min,Jun, Kyu-Sang,Park, Soo-Jung,Shin, Sun-Ho 대한한방내과학회 2012 大韓韓方內科學會誌 Vol.33 No.3

Objectives : The purpose of this study was to confirm that the pulse analyzer is useful for analyzing characteristics of variables of pulse waves in age categories, evaluating pulse waves of the metabolic syndrome group, compared with those of the non-metabolic syndrome group in Korean adults. Methods : The pulse wave variables were measured in Guan of all 1,056 subjects by the pulse analyzer, using a pen-type piezoresistive sensor. The physical measurement, blood test and survey were also performed by each subject. Results : In the age categories, height of pre-incisura (h2), height of tidal wave (h3), area of percussion wave (Aw), and width of percussion wave (w) increased in accordance with increase in age. While ratio of systolic period area (As) went up according to the increase of age, ratio of diastolic period area (Ad) went down. Radial augmentation index (R-AI), h2/h1, h3/h1, w/t and angle of percussion wave went up by aging, generally. Aw rate (Aw/At) also increased. Among the metabolic syndrome group, in the ages of 19 and 44, ratio of systolic period area (As) was higher and ratio of diastolic period area (Ad) was lower than in the non-metabolic group. w/t, Aw/At, and angle of percussion wave were higher than in the non-metabolic syndrome group. Among the metabolic syndrome group over the age of 60, height of pre-incisura (h2), height of tidal wave (h3), total area (At), area of percussion wave (Aw), radial augmentation index (R-AI), h2/h1 and h3/h1 were higher than in the non-metabolic syndrome group. Conclusions : The pulse analyzer is useful to analyze arterial stiffness in the age categories and in the metabolic syndrome group by some measures.

정상적 노화에 따라 주의분할과 처리수준이 범주본보기생성과제 수행에 미치는 영향

박민(Min Park) 한국노년학회 2003 한국노년학 Vol.23 No.2

본 연구에서는 청년과 노인간에 암묵기억과제 수행에서 차이가 나타나는지를 살펴보고, 부의분함과 처리수준이 암묵기억과제 수행의 연령차에 미치는 효과를 밝혀 보려고 하였다. 암묵기억은 개념적/지각지 과제 구분 몇 Cabrieli와 그 동료들(1994,1999)의 산출/비산출 과제 구분에 따라 개념적이지 산출과제로 간주되는 범주본보기생성과제로 측정하였다. 실험 1은 개념적 점화과제이자 산출과제로 분류되는 암묵기억검사인 범부본부재생성과제에서 약호화시의 주의분할에 따라 정상적인 노인들이 청년들과 수행 차이를 보이는기를 알아보기 위해 실시하였다. 실험 1의 결과는 노인과 청년 모두 점화가 일어나가는 하지만 두 연령집단의 접화 수행의 차이가 통계적으로 유의미하지 않았고, 약호화시의 주의분할이 암묵기억에 미치는 영향도 동계적으로 유의미하지 않았다. 실험 2는 범주본보기생성과제의 학습단계에서 지각적 처리과제와 의미적 처리과제를 실시하여 처리수준 조작이 정상적인 노인들의 점화 수행 패턴에 미치는 영향을 알아보기 위해 실시하였다. 실험 2에서도 노인과 청년 모두 점화가 일어나기는 하였지만 두 집단간의 차이가 통계적으로 유의미하지 않았고, 일반적인 처리수준의 효과만이 관찰되었다. 이는 노인과 청년이 학습단계에서의 처리수준 조작에 유사하게 반응하였음을 시사한다. 연구결과를 종합해 볼 때, 정상적인 노화과정을 겪고 있는 한국 노인들의 범주본보기생성과제로 측정된 암묵기억은 비교적 일정하게 유지되는 수행 패턴을 보였다. 또한 약호화시의 주위분할과 학습단계의 처리수준조작에 대한 보아 지가적 보아 과제와 개념과 과제, 산출과 비산출과제간에 결정적인 구분이 있는가와 산출/비산출 과제 구분이 정상적 노화의 경우에는 유용한가는 확실치 않는 것으로 생각된다. Two experiments were conducted to investigate effects of aging divided attention and levels of processing (LOP) on implicit memory task Implicit memory was measured by priming on a category exemplar generation (CEG), which is considered as conceptual priming task and/ or production task in Experiment 1, following divided attention at encoding, participants were tested with CEG. No effects of age and divided attention were observed. There were no significant interaction between age and attention condition. In Experiment 2. following LOP manipulations at study phase, participants were tested with CEG. No age-related difference was found on the performance of DEG task. It was only observed an advantage of semantic orienting condition. There were no significant interaction between age and orienting condition. In summary, these results indicate that aging has no negative effect on CEG task performance in the Korean older people It has also been shown that the age and the divided attention did not affect the performance of CEG task. Also, normal aged and young adults similarly responded to LOP manipulations. These findings cannot be accounted for by Gabrieli and his colleagues'(1994, 1999) production/nonproduction task distinction and challenge its usefulness for explaining memory aging pattern.

Category Norms for Korean Adults Age 55 to 74

JungWan Kim(김정완),Yeonwook Kang(강연욱),Ji Hye Yoon(윤지혜) 한국언어청각임상학회 2015 Communication Sciences and Disorders Vol.20 No.4

55-74세 성인의 명사 범주 규준(본보기 산출빈도와 전형성)을 조사하여 향후 신경언어장애 환자군의 이름대기 중재를 위한 치료자극 항목의 선정에 이용될 수 있는 기초자료로 활용하고자 한다. 방법: 정상 성인 401명이 연구에 참여하였다. 1단계(220명)에서는 총 10개 명사 범주(옷, 주방용품, 소지품, 채소, 가구, 교통수단, 학용품, 전자제품, 꽃, 동물)에 대한 생성이름대기를 각 1분간 실시하였다. 2단계(216명)에서는 1단계에서 얻은 결과로 각 범주별 본보기의 평균 반응수와 본보기 종류의 총수를 산정한 후, 각 범주별 상위 30위까지의 본보기들에 대한 의미전형성을 7점 척도로 평정하도록 하였다. 결과: 50-70대 성인들의 의미 네트워크는 범주 유창성 과제의 범주 목록에 따라, 그리고 연령 및 성별에 따라 변별적으로 달라짐을 확인할 수 있었다. 논의 및 결론: 연구 결과는 연령에 기초한 의미 범주에 대한 정상규준 마련의 필요성을 보여준다. 본 연구는 향후 신경언어장애 환자군의 이름대기 중재 프로그램을 개발하는데 있어 자극항목 선정 시 염두에 두어야 할 객관적인 기초자료를 제공하는 데 그 의의가 있다. 또한, 본 자료는 한국 성인의 의미적 구조나 의미자질을 이용한 이름대기 중재 효과를 살펴보는 후속 연구의 기초를 제공한다. This study seeks to provide preliminary data on the production frequency and typicality of noun exemplars by semantic category for Korean adults age 55 to 74. Methods: A total of 401 individuals participated in the study. The study was divided into two parts. In experiment 1 (N=220), the subjects were given generative naming tasks from ten categories: clothing, kitchen utensils, personal belongings, vegetables, furniture, transportation, school supplies, electronic devices, flowers, and animals. In experiment 2 (N=216), the mean number of production and number of different words of noun exemplars were evaluated. The semantic typicality of each noun exemplar obtained from experiment 1 was also rated. Results: The category of items in fluency tasks, along with age and gender has a distinctive influence on the semantic networks of adults age 55 to 74. Conclusion: Our findings suggest that age-specific Korean category norms and data for semantic typicality are needed. In addition, these results are clinically meaningful given that they provide preliminary data to select stimuli item for naming treatment programs of patients with neurogenic language disorders. This study also provides a basis for future study on the internal structure of semantic networks in Korean adults and the efficacy of semantic feature analysis in naming treatment.

학령기 아동의 일기문에 나타난 용언의 의미범주 발달

민은진(Eun Jin Min),김화수(Wha Soo Kim) 한국언어치료학회 2016 言語治療硏究 Vol.25 No.3

Purpose : School-age children develop the meaning of acquired vocabulary with the continuous expansion of new words. As communication based on spoken language is extended to written language, the choice of suitable words is particularly important. This study focused on the predicates (verbs and adjectives) and looked at the vocabulary development by semantic categories in the diaries of school-age children. Methods: Sixty children in the 2nd, 4th, and 6th grades participated in this study. Diary text samples were collected and analyzed for the meaning of predicates. The study divided Korean verbs into eight semantic categories (action, locomotion, existence, change, communication, cognition, psychology, emotion) and Korean adjectives into six categories (feature, being, comparison, sense, judgment, feeling). The proportion for each category, number of total word (NTW) and number of different words (NDW) were measured according to semantic categories. Results: All three groups mainly used verbs related to external behavior. However, the percentage of categories to mean changes or inner experience increased with increasing grade. In terms of NTW and NDW, there were growth spurts starting in the 4th grade. Unlike verbs, developmental pattern of adjectives varied according to the age groups or semantic categories. All three groups used adjectives in ‘feeling’ category, especially 2nd grade students, who used them the most. Sixth-grade students showed the greatest growth in diversity of adjectives that express their opinion. Conclusions: This study examined the semantic features of predicates in the diaries of children. Vocabulary lists can be used as a foundation for the further research on the writing lexicon of school-age children.

시스템다이내믹스를 활용한 고령화 사회 인구에 따른 지목별 토지거래량에 관한 연구

최해옥 ( Hae Ok Choi ) 한국시스템다이내믹스학회 2015 한국시스템다이내믹스 연구 Vol.16 No.1

The price-volume in land by land categories is evaluated with dynamic approaches in the era of aging society This research tries to investigate in the respect of major factors such as real estate, macro-economics, and population that is simulated by land categories. The system dynamics approaches on price-volume in land are forecasted until 2020 using the data in the period of 2000-2014. In regard to methodologies, this research adopted system dynamics to evaluate the relationships between price-volume in land and aging society. The meaningful results have been found during the last over 10 year’s analysis as the dynamic relations with major factors. Regarding land categories, this research tries to overcome former research limitations. As an implication from the price-volume in land, it confirmed that the multifaceted aspects show that system dynamics approach effectively simulated them by price-volume in land with the population of aging society.

고령 사회, 인쇄 광고에 나타난 노인의 모습

천현숙(Chun, Hyun-Suk) 한국광고홍보학회 2017 광고연구 Vol.0 No.114

광고에서 노인은 아직도 소수에 지나지 않았다. 특히 여성, 외국인 노인은 소수 중의 소수였다. 양성평등 시대, 다문화 시대를 살아가고 있는 우리가 짚어 봐야 할 문제다. 노인은 노인 타깃 광고에 주로 등장했다는 것도 문제로 지적된다. 이는 노인과 비노인 사이에 경계가 존재한다는 것을 방증한다. 이것은 잡지 광고에 노인 등장이 드물다는 것과도 연관된다. 잡지 광고는 절반 이상이 패션, 스포츠, 화장품 광고임을 생각할 때 이러한 미의 영역에서 노인이 소외되고 있다는 것을 알 수 있다. 타깃과 매체뿐 아니라 제품군에서도 경계를 확인할 수 있었다. 노인 등장 광고의 절반이 관공서/단체 광고였다. 비록 모든 제품군에서 노인이 등장하여 노인은 노인 제품 광고에만 등장한다는 인식에는 변화가 엿보였지만 아직도 노인은 기관, 단체에서 펴는 정책의 대상으로서의 인식이 적지 않다는 것을 알 수 있다. 그러나 노인은 광고 속에서 더 이상 배경이 아니라 주도적 역할을 하고 있었다. 이미지도 매우 긍정적이었다. 대부분이 행복하거나 전문가답고, 여유롭고, 활기찬 모습이었다. 노인은 이제 이른바 ‘뒷방 늙은이’가 아니다. 노인이 다른 연령층과 함께 등장하는 모습, 어울리는 모습이 많다는 것 또한 이것을 뒷받침한다. 하지만 청소년과 함께하는 모습은 볼 수 없다는 점, 외국인 노인은 어울리지 못하고 있다는 점들은 여전히 세대 간, 국적 간 간극을 드러내고 있었다. 노인들은 이제 가정이나 일터에 고정되어 있지 않았다. 이제 노인은 남·여, 내·외국인 할 것 없이 ‘뒷방’에서 나와 당당히 활동하고, 즐기는 모습을 보여 주고 있었다. 그러나 노인은 말이 없었다. 말을 하는 경우에도 10어절 이상인 경우는 없었다. 자신의 주장을 펴는 적극적인 모습보다 간접적으로 전달하는 소극적 모습을 보여 주고 있었다. 이것은 노인이 사용하는 문장 유형의 대부분이 서술문이고 청유문, 명령문이 극히 적다는 것에서도 확인할 수 있다. 말의 내용은 문제 해결, 민족/애국 등이 많았다. 노인을 이해하는 프레임이 이성적이고 계층적이라는 것이다. 노인을 지칭하는 호칭은 없는 경우가 절반이 넘었다. 노인이 아직 주체적인 존재로서 인정을 받지 못한다는 것을 나타낸다. 그러나 호칭이 있는 경우 성명, 직책으로 불리는 경우가 나이든 사람이나 가족관계를 가리키는 일반명사보다 더 많다는 것은 노인이 주체적 존재로 인정받을 수 있는 가능성을 보여 주고 있다. There are still a handful of elderly people in advertising. Especially women and foreigner elderly were few in the minority. It is a problem that we should discuss in the era of gender equality and the multicultural era. It is also pointed out that the elderly appeared mainly in elderly targeted advertisements. This demonstrates the existence of a boundary between the elderly and the non-elderly. This is also related to the rarity of elderly appearances in magazine advertisements. When we consider that more than half of magazine advertisements are fashion, sports, and cosmetics ads, we can see that elderly people are being neglected in this beauty area. We were able to identify boundaries not only in the target and medium, but also in the product category. Half of advertisements for the elderly appeared in government/group advertisements. Although there is a change in the perception that elderly people appear in advertisements for elderly products, the elderly are still perceived as objects of policy by institutions or organizations. However, the elderly were playing a leading role in advertising, not the background any more. The image was also very positive. Most were happy, professional, relaxed, and lively. The old man is not the so-called ‘back room old man’. This is supported by the fact that elderly people appear with other age groups, and there are many ways to match them. However, the fact that they can not be seen with teenagers and the fact that foreign elderly people do not fit is still revealing the gap between generations and nationalities. The elderly were no longer fixed at home or at work. Now, the elderly man and woman from the ‘back room’, showed me the activity of being proud and enjoying. However, the elderly person showed only his speech without words. There was no case of more than ten words even if we spoke. It shows the passive aspect that indirectly conveys rather than the positive aspect of opening his claim. This can be confirmed by the fact that most of the sentence types used by the elderly are statements, and there are very few statements or statements. The contents of the words were problem solving, ethnicity/patriot. The frame for understanding the elderly is rational and hierarchical. There are more than half of the titles that refer to the elderly. The lack of a title indicates that an elderly person is not yet recognized as an independent entity. However, in the case of a title, the name of a senior citizen is more likely to be recognized as an independent entity than a general noun indicating an older person or family relationship.

한국 현대 노년시 연구 시론

이현정(Lee, Hyeon-Jung) 한국시학회 2016 한국시학연구 Vol.- No.45

암묵적인 자기 범주화의 성차

조혜자,방희정 한국여성심리학회 2006 한국심리학회지 여성 Vol.11 No.2

이 연구는 대학생들을 대상으로 암묵적인 수준의 자기 범주화에 남녀차이가 있는지를 밝히고자 시도되었다. 이를 위해 성별과 인종, 연령을 변화시킨 얼굴사진들을 자신과 타인관련 단어들과 함께 분류하도록 하는 세 가지 암묵적 연합검사(IAT)를 실시하였다. 그 결과 성별에 대한 범주화는 남녀차이가 유의미하게 나타나, 남성들은 성별에 따르는 자기 범주화가 분명하지 않았지만, 여성들은 성별에 따라 분리주의적으로 범주화를 하고 있었다. 한편 인종과 연령범주는 남녀 모두 내집단과 외집단을 분명히 구별하는 나누는 범주로서 남녀차이는 나타나지 않았다. 이러한 결과가 나타난 이유에 대해 다양한 가능성들이 논의되었다.

학령기 아동의 기술 텍스트에 나타난 형용사 빈도 및 의미범주 분석

배희숙(Bae, Hee-Sook) 한국언어학회 2017 언어 Vol.42 No.1

This research aims to analyze quantitative and qualitative developmental aspects of adjective expressions according to grades and genders of school-aged children. We collected descriptive texts of 72 typically developing children through a writing test on a topic: My Friend. Then, we analyzed frequencies and semantic categories of adjectives embedded in their texts. For frequency analysis, we dealt with not only adjective variables(NTA, NDA), but also text length(NTW), and numbers of nouns(NTN) and verbs(NTV). For semantic categories, we analyzed the distribution of adjective meanings according to grades and genders after matching meanings of adjectives to conceptual nodes of CoreNet. As a result, all of variables were significantly increased according to grades except ratio of verbs. In gender comparison, girls generally used adjectives more than boys. For semantic categories of adjectives, the higher grade is, the more objective adjectives were used. These findings implicate that semantic categories and their characteristics need to be considered for evaluating and improving use abilities of adjectives in writing of school-aged children.