서울시 노인주거 특성과 노인주거시설 수요 연구

장영희(Yeong-Hee Jang) 한국주택학회 2009 주택연구 Vol.17 No.4

본 연구는 서울시 거주 노인가구의 주거실태를 파악하고 향후 노인주거정책의 기본이 되는 주거복지시설의 규모와 기존주택에서의 개조수요를 파악하는데 목적이 있다. 본 연구에서는 노인가구의 주거복지시설에 대한 수요 분석을 위해 기존연구에서 대표적으로 사용하는 경제수준, 건강상태, 가구규모 외에 고령자가구의 주택점유형태를 고려하였다. 주거시설 유형별 수요분석은 가구 월평균 소득, 일상생활 수행능력 장애여부, 세대구성 형태와 주택소유 여부의 4가지 조건을 기준으로 고령자가구 비율을 산출하고 각각의 유형별로 향후 수요를 일반주택, 공공임대주택, 양로ㆍ요양시설 등으로 배분하여 도출하였다. 주거유형별로 향후 노인가구의 수요를 분석한 결과 기존주택 거주수요가 대안별로 약간씩 차이는 있지만 대략 82.5%~90.8% 정도로 나타났다. 이중 일반주택 자가 거주가 대략 70%이며, 일반주택 차가는 12.9%~20.8% 정도를 차지하고 있다. 기존주택에 대한 개조수요는 전체 노인가구의 2.5% - 2.9%로 약 14.3천호 - 16.4천호에서 개조수요가 있는 것으로 나타났다. 공공임대주택에 대한 수요는 전체 노인가구의 5%~6%로 이중 60% 정도가 영구임대주택에 대한 수요이다. 실제로 고령자용 영구임대주택은 17.9천호~19.1천호, 공공임대주택은 10.1천호~15.8천호 정도가 필요한 것으로 나타났다. 양로시설 및 요양시설에 대한 수요는 23.0천가구~64.2천가구 정도로 무료시설에 대한 수요가 거의 대부분을 차지하는 것으로 나타났다. 따라서 향후 노인주거정책은 우선 공공임대주택의 확충과 양로ㆍ요양시설의 확충에 역점을 둘 필요가 있다. 특히 소득이 낮고 가족부양이 어려운 노인가구를 위한 공공임대주택과 무료시설의 확충이 시급한 과제이다. This study aims to analyse housing characteristics of elderly households and to estimate proper size of welfare housing facilities and remodeling demand for existing units in Seoul. Four factors such as income status, health condition, household type and housing occupancy type are considered to estimate demands for housing facilities for the elderly. Analysis is made according to the expected demand type by elderly household characteristics based on basic principles regarding housing needs of the elderly. The result shows that demands for existing housing comprise of 82.5~90.8% of the total demands, in which owner housing takes 70% and rental housing 12.9~20.8% respectively. Remodeling demand for existing housing is 2.5%~2.9%, which is approximately 14.3~16.4 thousands units. Demand for public rental housing appears to be 5~6% and 60% of them is for permanent rental housing. Total number of 17.9~19.1 thousand units of permanent rental housing and 10.1~15.8 thousand units of public rental housing are necessary for the elderly in seoul. In addition, the result shows that there are immense demands for free elderly facilities such as senior's house and nursing home as much as 23.0~64.2 thousand units. In this respect, future housing policy for older people needs to be focused on provision of low cost public housing and nursing facilities. Specifically, the urgent issue is to provide public rental housing and free elderly facilities for the low-income elderly households.

경기도 주거만족도·선호도 분석을 통한 지역별 주택수요 변화 연구

김태경,권대한,최은정,홍순영 경기연구원 2013 경기개발연구원 기본연구 Vol.- No.-

In this research, determinants of housing type, housing tenure, housing dimension, residential satisfaction, and important factors for housing selection are analyzed through five binomial and multi-nomial logistic regression models. Before modeling, a survey results of resident`s satisfaction and preferences are analyzed. People prefer detached house to apartment house, and the preference increases as age, number of households, and income increase. As concerned to housing tenure, people still prefer housing ownership as compared to rent. However, the preferences vary according to age, number of households, income, and regional characteristics. For housing dimension, preference for bigger houses increases as age, number of households, and income. Residents are satisfied with `public transportation` and `house dimension`, while dissatisfied with `value of housing investment` and `cultural facilities`. When it is assumed that people move to another region, `better education facilities`, `job accessibility`, and `affordable housing price` are selected the most important factors in selecting a new housing location. In the first model, as residents are dissatisfied with `housing facility`, `value for housing investment`, and `education environment`, their degree of dissatisfaction for housing environment increase. In the second model, if people regard `openness`, `accessibility for cultural facilities`, and `bigger house` as important factor in selecting housing location, their degree of dissatisfaction increases. Meanwhile, they could lesser be dissatisfied in case that `kinship`, `local familiarity`, `homogeneous neighborhood` are important factors in selecting their home location. In addition to this, income, age, and number of households significantly affect the degree of dissatisfaction. From the third model to the fifth model, various determinants of housing type, housing tenure, housing dimension various are analyzed and various interesting results are obtained.

청년주거위기 극복을 위한 주거소비지표 도출 및 AHP(Analytic Hierarchy Analysis) 분석을 통한 기존세대와의 비교 연구

이제선 위기관리 이론과 실천 2022 Crisisonomy Vol.18 No.1

Housing polity is being strengthened for housing stability of the middle class and low-income classes, and various alternatives are being proposed to secure an general housing safety policy. In housing policy, policy efforts to improve the housing welfare of older generation households are steadily being made. However, youth generation with serious housing problems must solve their housing problems on their own. In addition, they do not receive sufficient support from the current housing policies and remain as a housing-vulnerable class. In this study, the housing consumption indicator is derived to overcome the youth housing crisis, and the residential characteristics demanded by the youth are identified through comparison with the older generation. For this, the study derives relevant indicators that can identify the housing characteristics of youth generation, and compares the difference and importance with the older generation. While the older generation gives priority to 「Housing Environment」, the youth generation recognizes 「Economic Environment」 as a priority. It is judged that the improvement of the housing environment and specific support in economic terms is necessary for the stable housing consumption of youth generation. 중산층 및 저소득층의 주거안정을 위한 정책적 노력이 강화되면서 보편적 주거 안전망 확보를 위한다양한 대안들이 제시되고 있다. 그러나 주택정책에 있어서 기존세대의 주거복지 향상을 위한 정책적 노력은 꾸준히 이루어지고 있으나 주거문제가 심각한 청년층은 자력으로 주거문제를 해결해야하거나, 현행 주택정책과 주거안정망의 틀에서 충분한 지원을 받지 못하고 주거취약계층으로 남아있는 것이 현실이다. 본 연구는 청년주거위기 극복을 위한 주거소비지표를 도출하고 기존세대와의비교를 통해 청년층이 요구하는 주거적 특성을 파악하고자 하였다. 이를 위해 기존 데이터에서 청년층의 주거특성을 파악할 수 있는 관련 지표를 도출하였고, 기존세대와의 차이 및 중요도를 비교하였다. 기존세대가 「주택환경」을 우선시 한 반면, 청년세대는 「경제 환경」을 우선순위로 도출하였다. 「경제 환경」에서 기존세대는 투자가치, 대출금상환을 선택한 반면, 청년세대는 주택가격 및 개인사정을 우선순위로 선택하였다. 청년층의 안정적 주거소비를 위해 주택환경의 개선 및 경제적 측면에서의 적극적 지원이 필요할 것으로 판단한다.

주택법제에서 공법의 기능과 공동주택 관리

박건우 한국집합건물법학회 2023 집합건물법학 Vol.47 No.-

The traditional housing law system of Korea centered on supply and demand, which was formed against the background of rapid urbanization and population growth, could no longer be maintained as the housing supply rate exceeded 100% and the country entered a rapidly declining population. The changed social structure is demanding institutional transformation in the direction of boldly abandoning the ‘construction promotion act’ system in Korean housing legislation, remodeling old apartments, and delicately managing apartments. It is time to discuss the reform direction of the fundamental structure of the housing law system through social consensus and discussion. In this article, we reviewed the process of introducing the institutional function of the current housing law system and its social background, following the historical process of the formation of the framework of Korea's housing law system. When the social reality, which is the foundation of the housing legislation, changes, the function and system of the norm cannot help but change accordingly. In this article, we looked at the achievements of adaptation to the current legislation and future tasks under the premise that the center of gravity of Korean housing law system will inevitably shift to the ‘management function of apartment housing’ for a considerable period of time in the future. The change in Korean society, which has escaped from the desperate housing shortage and is entering a declining population, is an institutional challenge, but on the other hand, it can act as an opportunity to improve the quality of the city. We look forward to the rebirth of the housing law system that upgrades our apartment buildings to a more pleasant environment and a space with efficient and reasonable functions including informatization, away from the perspective of the development era. 급격한 도시화와 인구성장 구조를 배경으로 형성된 물량공급 중심의 전통적인 주택 공법 체계는 주택공급률 100% 초과와 급격한 인구감소사회로의 진입으로 더 이상 유지될 수 없게 되었다. 변화된 사회구조는 우리 주택법제에 ‘건설 촉진법’ 체계를 과감하게 포기하고 낡은 공동주택을 개조하고 공동주택을 섬세하게 관리하는 방향으로 제도적 변신을 요구하고 있다. 사회적 합의와 토론을 통하여 주택 공법 체계의 근본 구조의 개혁 방향을 논의하여야 할 시점이다. 이 글에서는 한국의 주택공법체계의 골격이 형성되는 연혁적 과정에 따라, 현재의 주택 법제가 발휘하고 있는 제도적 기능이 도입된 과정과 그 사회적 배경을 검토하였다. 주택법제 역시 그 성립의 기초가 되는 사회현실이 변화되면 그에 따라 규범의 기능과 체계가 변모하지 않을 수 없다. 이 글에서는 우리 주택공법의 무게중심이 향후 상당기간 ‘공동주택의 관리 기능’으로 옮겨질 수 밖에 없다는 전제 하에, 현행 법제의 적응의 성과와 향후 과제를 살펴보았다. 절박한 주택난에서 벗어나 인구감소기로 진입하고 있는 우리 사회의 변화는 제도적 도전이기도 하지만 다른 한편 도시의 질적 향상을 위한 기회로 작용할 수 있다. 개발시대의 시각에서 주택 정책을 바라보는 시각에서 벗어나 보다 쾌적한 환경, 정보화를 포함한 효율적이고 합리적인 기능을 갖춘 공간으로 우리의 공동주택을 업그레이드하는 주택 법제의 거듭남을 기대한다.

주택규모 규제의 시장효과에 관한 연구: 수도권지역 아파트시장의 소형주택 의무비율제도와 가격효과를 중심으로

장경석,허윤경,김형민 국토연구원 2010 국토연구 Vol.65 No.-

Over the last three decades South Korea has attempted to ensure the affordability of housing through a policy of housing size-limit regulations. The regulations require that a specified portion of housing development projects undertaken by developers be limited to 85㎡. However, little is known about the direct effects of such regulations on the actual affordability of housing. This study analyses the differences in per meter squared prices of small and large sized housing in order to investigate the market effect of housing size-limit regulations. This study is based on the Fischel's market effect model in the land use regulation (1985). The data for this study is the quarterly basis ‘housing supply record,’ 2000 to 2009 (38 quarters) in the capital region. The results of the analysis show that, since 2000, there has been a growing per meter squared price differential between small and larger sized housing. The differentials reflect regional conditions with Seoul, Kyeonggi and Incheon respectively showing the first, second and third largest price differences. On the other hand, the price differentials per ㎡ in the capital region are increasing as the price change differences between the stocks of small housing, the supplies of small housing and housing size are getting larger and lager. This finding thus implies that, contrary to the policy objective that improves the affordability of housing, the size-limit regulation has brought about adverse effects that have increased the gap in prices between small and larger sized housing. 우리나라에서 과거 30여 년간 시행해 온 주택규모에 대한 직접적 규제가 시장에서 어떤 효과를 발생시키는지를 가늠하기는 어렵다. 본 연구에서는 소형주택 의무비율제도가 수도권의 주택시장에 미치는 효과를 검토하기 위해 Fischel(1985)이 제시한 토지이용규제의 시장효과모형을 유추 적용한 모형을 제시하여 소형주택 의무비율제도에 의해 지역별 소형주택과 대형주택 간 ㎡당 가격격차가 확대되는지 여부를 분석하였다. 분석결과 2003년 1/4분기부터 2007년 2/4분기까지는 수도권 주택시장에서 소형주택과 대형주택의 단위당 가격차이가 지속적으로 증가하였으나, 지역별 주택시장의 여건에 따라 서울>경기>인천 순으로 가격차이의 크기가 달랐다. 한편 수도권 시군구의 ㎡당 가격차이는 소형주택 재고수, 소형주택 공급호수 및 주택규모 간 가격변동률의 차이가 클수록 증가하는 것으로 나타났다. 이러한 연구결과는 소형주택의 재고를 늘려 주택가격을 안정시키기 위한 소형주택 의무비율제도가 상대적으로 대형주택공급을 감소시킴으로써, 소형주택과 대형주택 간 가격차이를 확대시킬 수 있음을 시사하고 있다.

1인가구 주거실태 분석

김옥연(Kim, Ok-Yeon),문연기(Moon, Young-Ki) 한국주거환경학회 2009 주거환경(한국주거환경학회논문집) Vol.7 No.2

Housing is the object of a basic human rights. In order to pertain the rights and dignity of human-being, there needs to be 'a housing minimum standard' and 'adequate housing'. If one person households are discriminated against family households for living on his own, it is clearly violating one's right to receive equal treatment of his or her housing rights. And, though one person households occupy a substantial amount of total households but most households are in the lower-class, government policies are not considering this as issues. Thus, this paper will analyze the housing issues of one person households and housing policies and suggest policy improvements. But the basic for improvements is that the government should recognize the importance of housing rights and ensure an equity of housing policies. The first improvement is that the government should clearly forecast the demand of increasing one person households and reflect them in housing policies. Second, the government should provide consideration of policies for the low-class one person households. Third, The government should make complement of the housing policies for one person households are excluded. Lastly, the government should increase its support in providing small size houses for one person households.

다층모형을 활용한 인천광역시 원도심 빈집 발생의 영향요인 분석

이다예 한국국토정보공사 2020 지적과 국토정보 Vol.50 No.2

Housing vacancies have become a major issue in urban areas, there have been many efforts to address this issue at the national and local levels. The purpose of this paper is to investigate the factors contributing to housing vacancies in old town Incheon in South Korea. In particular, the research focuses on examining the effects of multiple levels of factors on housing vacancies in a comprehensive way; the three levels of factors were identified with a literature review including housing (Level 1), Neighborhood (Level 2), and Region (Level 3). A multi-level logistic regression model was used to examine the relationship between 13 factors in three spatial levels and housing vacancies. As a result, the factors in all three levels were able to explain housing vacancies including site area and shape, proximity to major roads (Level 1), ratio of houses in designated urban renewal area and slope (Level 2), and ratio of the elderly living alone, land price, changes in land price and ratio of new houses (Level 3). These results show that the combination of the physical inferiority of the housing site and the neighborhood environment and the economic and social vulnerability of the region is likely to increases the number of vacant houses. This study also suggested that a multi-dimensional policy strategy is needed to solve the problem of housing vacancies, and urban policies, such as supplying new housing or urban renewal area designation, should be carefully implemented in a way not to create housing vacancies. 빈집문제에 대한 사회적 관심이 높아지면서 국가와 지자체 차원에서 문제를 해소하기 위한 노력을 지속하고 있다. 문제에 대한 적절한 처방을 위해서는 빈집 발생의 원인에 대한 분석이 선행되어야 한다. 본 연구는 인천광역시 원도심을 대상으로 빈집 발생 영향요인을 분석하는 데 목적을 두었다. 특히, 주택, 근린 차원의 미시적 환경과 지역 차원의 거시적 환경의 영향을 종합적으로 살펴보는데 집중하였다. 분석에 앞서 문헌 고찰을 통해 빈집 발생의 다양한 영향요인을 탐색하였으며, 주택(1수준), 근린(2수준), 지역(3수준) 3개의 수준으로 구성된 다층모형(multi-level model)을 구축하고 분석을 수행하였다. 분석 결과 주택 부지의 규모, 형상, 접도 여부가 빈집 발생과 밀접하며, 근린 내 경사도와 정비구역 지정의 영향이 작용하는 것으로 나타났다. 또한, 독거노인 가구 비율과 공시지가, 지가변화율, 신규주택 비율 등 지역 수준의 영향도 유의한 것으로 나타났다. 이러한 결과는 주택 부지와 근린환경의 물리적 열악함, 지역의 경제적·사회적 취약성이 복합적으로 작용하여 빈집 발생 가능성을 높인다는 것을 보여준다. 본 연구에서는 분석 결과를 토대로 빈집문제 해소를 위한 다차원적 대응 전략이 필요하며, 정비구역 지정이나 신규주택 공급 등의 정책 결정으로 인해 빈집이 발생하지 않도록 하여야 한다는 시사점을 제시하였다.

서울시 다세대·다가구 주택의 거주자특성 및 주거실태에 관한 연구

홍성조 한국교통대학교 2015 한국교통대학교 논문집 Vol.50 No.-

The low-rise multi-family housing (called Dasedae-Dagagoo) accounting for 27.45% of housing stocks in Seoul and second-largest type in urbanized areas in Korea. And this type of housing units are usually constructed without improving the infrastructure of an existing residential area. Therefore, multi-family housing necessarily leads to poor living conditions. However, multi-family housing plays an important role as affordable urban housing in urbanized areas in Korea. The aim of this paper is to depict the residents’ characteristics, living conditions and housing affordability of multi-family housing. This study used raw data of Korea Welfare Panel Study (KOWEPS) from the Korea Institute for Health and Social Affairs (KIHASA) and 1,017 samples are used to analyze. Findings of this study shows that multi-family housing serves as affordable housing for the lower income classes, small families, and young householders; the role of multi-family housing as an affordable housing type is remarkable in the rental housing market; multi-family housing is not a great help to the minimum-income class. This class suffers from high housing expenditures and poor living conditions.

Relationship Between Demand-supply in the Housing Market and Unsold New Housing Stocks

Jang, Sewoong,Lee, Sanghyo,Kim, Juhyung,Kim, Jaejun Architectural Institute of Japan 2010 JOURNAL OF ASIAN ARCHITECTURE AND BUILDING ENGINEE Vol.9 No.2

<P>The phenomenon of unsold new housing stocks is an important indicator in the housing market system; it is directly related to the profitability of the construction business and appears as a result of an imbalance in the demand and supply of houses. Changes in demand-supply because of various factors are another phenomenon that occurs in the housing market. It is considered that these changes in demand-supply are closely related to the unsold new housing stocks. Therefore, we analyze the relationship between demand-supply in the housing market and unsold new housing stocks using the vector error correction model. We used data from Seoul as the spatial scope of this study, and the temporal scope of time series data ranged from July 2001 to July 2009. To obtain the time series data, databases of the Ministry of Land, Transport and Marine Affairs, Statistics Korea, CERIK, and Kookmin Bank were utilized. The results of variance decomposition analyses indicated that for changes in unsold new housing stocks, the explanatory powers of housing selling price indexes and housing loans were high while the explanatory powers of production factors were relatively low. Based on the results of impulse response analyses, the quantity of unsold new housing stocks showed larger changes in response to the impulses of housing prices and housing loans than to the impulse of production factors. Also, it was indicated that, among the production factors, unsold new housing stocks showed a pattern of continued change in relation to the financing status of suppliers while showing impromptu responses to the impulses of the material or manpower situation but no continued change.</P>

도시 저소득층 주거 실태와 주거복지정책 방향 - 부산광역시를 중심으로 -

김창영,정건섭 한국비교정부학회 2010 한국비교정부학보 Vol.14 No.1

This study is concerned with the housing welfare policy and urban low-income housing tenure focused on the Busan metropolitan city. There is a tendency increasing housing supply in terms of the rate of total housing in order to improve the housing welfare problem on the housing policy. In case of Busan, it has been neglected the quality side of housing due to the concentration of increase of quantity side of housing. Nowadays, Busan has a relatively somewhat meet the quantity of housing in terms of housing total supply. Notwithstanding, the rapid change of socio-economic environment and several influencing factors on housing expect that there are diverse demands of housing welfare according to the change of life style and housing preferences. Therefore, the policy of housing should be concentrated on the improvement of housing quality to the urban low income class, including sound amenity, preferable surrounding environment, desirable housing living space, etc., rather than used supply side increasing housing policy. This study is concerned with the housing welfare policy and urban low-income housing tenure focused on the Busan metropolitan city. There is a tendency increasing housing supply in terms of the rate of total housing in order to improve the housing welfare problem on the housing policy. In case of Busan, it has been neglected the quality side of housing due to the concentration of increase of quantity side of housing. Nowadays, Busan has a relatively somewhat meet the quantity of housing in terms of housing total supply. Notwithstanding, the rapid change of socio-economic environment and several influencing factors on housing expect that there are diverse demands of housing welfare according to the change of life style and housing preferences. Therefore, the policy of housing should be concentrated on the improvement of housing quality to the urban low income class, including sound amenity, preferable surrounding environment, desirable housing living space, etc., rather than used supply side increasing housing policy.