GIS기법을 이용한 개발가능용량 분석

이종용,윤현위 국토지리학회 2008 국토지리학회지 Vol.42 No.3

Since 1970’s korea has been experienced in rapid growth of economy. according as populationconcentration in metropolitan city, The Korean Metropolitan city has been denotative expansion, traffic confusion,environment pollution, decrease of open space, lack of house for common people, decline of central district,development thoughtless for environment of some region in National Capital region as well as land demand has beenneeded continually. in this condition, it is important to supply land in terms of proper demand, to grasp the possibilityof development. so, purpose of this paper is confirmation of pattern in land development capacity and calculation ofthat across the whole extent of korea land. after this paper is taken advantage of various spatial information based alot of land in Korea Land Information System and analysis method of Gis, extracting development potential land asidefrom developed land and limited development land. According to analysis result, development potential land isestimated 14.3% in the whole extent of korea land, confirmed that development capacity can be increase inaccordance with deregulation of land use. but this paper was calculated the total amount of development potentialland, only considering of physical attribute and regal condition. so it is proper that this research result is utilized onpreliminary data for pattern and capacity of development potential land in land policy. in next research, calculation ofdevelopment potential land wil be consider of Floor Area Ratio in terms of Use area and Building Standard includedBuilding coverage ratio. so it is desirable for land development capacity to utilize in real land use applied variousdevelopment density. 1970년대 이후 우리나라는 급속한 경제성장을 경험하였으며, 이와 함께 대도시의 과도한 인구집중과 그에 따른 도시의 외연적 확장, 교통혼잡, 환경오염, 오픈스페이스의 감소, 서민형 주택의 부족, 도심의 쇠퇴, 수도권 일부지역의 난개발 등과 같은 다양한 도시문제가 나타났으며, 이와 동시에 여전히 개발가능한 토지에 대한 수요가 꾸준히 제기되고 있다. 이러한 상황에서 토지수요에 부합하는 적절한 토지공급이 매우 중요하며, 이를 위해서는 현재 개발가용지가 얼마만큼 있는지에 대한 현황파악이 중요하다고 할 수 있다. 본 논문은 이러한 배경하에서 우리나라 전 국토를 대상으로 하여 개발가용지의 분포와 개발용량을 산정하고자 하였다. 한국토지정보시스템에서 구축된 필지 기반의 다양한 공간자료와 GIS 분석 기법을 활용하여 기개발되어 있거나, 개발이 제한적인 토지를 추출하여, 이를 제외한 개발가용지를 분석하고, 개발용량을 산정하였다. 분석결과에 따르면 우리나라 전국토의 약 14.3%가 개발가용한 토지로 추정되었으며, 토지이용 규제를 완화하는데 따라서 약간의 토지가 개발 가능한 토지로 확대될 수 있음을 알 수 있었다. 그러나 본 논문은 토지의 물리적 특성과 법적인 규제의 조건만을 바탕으로 전 국토를 대상으로 분석했기 때문에 총량적인 개념에서 가용토지가 어느 정도 되는지를 파악할 수 있을 뿐 실제 해당 토지들을 개발하는데 있어서 다양한 제요소들을 심도 있게 파악하지 못했다는 한계가 있다. 따라서 본 연구의 결과는 국가 전체적인 규모의 거시적인 토지정책에 있어서 가용토지의 분포와 용량을 가늠해 볼 수 있는 기초자료로서 활용하고, 향후에 용도지역별, 즉 주거용지, 산업용지, 공업용지 등 용도에 따른 건폐율, 용적률 등의 세부 건축기준 등의 요소를 고려하여 개발밀도를 다양하게 적용하여 보다 실질적으로 토지이용에 활용될 수 있는 토지개발용량의 파악이 이루어져야 할 것으로 보인다.

경기도 개발사업의 추이 분석 -환경영향평가 대상사업을 중심으로-

김수련 ( Su-ryeon Kim ),성현찬 ( Hyun-chan Sung ) 한국환경영향평가학회 2016 환경영향평가 Vol.25 No.1

This study was analyzed the distribution tendencies and statuses of development projects for EIA projects. According to the result of this study, in the annual analysis, a number of consultations and areas have shown increasing trend across the board. In the project type analysis, there are development project types; urban development, industrial complex, sport facility installation, resort complex development, road construction, which have a lot of developments. In the cities analysis, a number of consultations were about 53% on the top 5 cities, the areas were focused on 75%, and the development projects were concentrated in the southern distribution of Gyeong-gi province. The development axis, from 2004 to 2006, was C-type, but it was extended to O-type until 2010. Therefore, the development will expand into nature conservation zones and forest areas to the east. The development restriction area will be disappeared gradually because the development density of the surrounding Seoul city is more advanced, and we could predict that may be accelerated conurbation between the neighboring cities. Thus, when the development project is located, it would be reviewed difference in existing development project type, project size, and concentration in each city on the basis of environmental capacity.

용적률에 따른 주거환경 및 가치비교

정창무,황희정,권오현,장윤배 경기연구원 2009 위탁연구 Vol.2009 No.3

주거환경 개선을 위한 주택재건축 및 주택재개발 사업이 활기를 띠게 되면서, 주택은 본래의 목적인 주거를 위한 공간이 아닌 투자 및 투기를 위한 중요한 요소로 자리매김하고 있다. 특히 공동주택의 개발밀도는 이와 같은 개발사업 시행시 사업성에 큰 영향을 미치고 있어 개발주체들은 사업의 수익을 최대화하기 위하여 고밀개발을 선호하여 왔으며, 이로 인하여 주거환경의 질 저하, 개발 전후의 주거가치 변화등의 문제가 제기되고 있는 실정이다. 개발밀도는 적정한 수준에서 조정되어야 한다. 만약 개발밀도가 과도하게 낮게 설정되어 저밀개발이 이루어지면 토지이용의 효율성 저하, 도시기반시설의 이용효율 저하 및 개발비용의 주민부담 증가와 같은 문제가 유발된다. 반면에 고밀개발이 이루어지면 대체적으로 수용인구가 늘어나고, 기반시설의 용량이 이를 수용하지 못할 경우 주차난, 교통 혼잡, 편익시설의 부족, 일조권 및 프라이버시 침해 등의 문제가 발생하여 주거환경의 질이 낮아지는 결과를 초래하게 되는 현상도 무시할 수 없다. 따라서 쾌적한 주거환경을 조성하고, 동시에 주거의 가치도 보장할 수 있는 개발밀도 계획을 유도할 수 있도록 적합한 판단 근거가 마련될 필요가 있다. 본 연구는 용적률에 영향을 미칠 수 있는 주거환경요소의 환경기준에 대해 기존의 연구문헌 검토를 통해 살펴보고, 용적률과 주택가격의 인과관계를 살펴보는데 목적이 있다. 특히 아파트 거주민의 입장에서 용적률에 따른 주택가격과의 관계를 살펴보고, 시뮬레이션을 통하여 주거가치가 극대화되는 용적률을 도출하는데 중점을 두고 있다. 선행연구 검토 결과, 주거환경의 질을 결정하는 일조시간, 인동간격, 조망 차폐율에 대한 법적 기준은 주민이 쾌적하다고 생각하는 주거수준에 못 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 또한 주민이 선호하는 주거환경의 용적률은 법정 상한 용적률 수준보다 낮은 것으로 나타났다. 구체적으로 쾌적한 주거환경을 형성하기 위한 최대 달성가능 용적률 범위에 관해서는 에너지효율측면, 일조권 확보 측면 등 다양한 측면에서 분석한 연구결과들이 있으며, 그 범위는 대략 150~210%로 나타나고 있다. 특히 본 연구에서 용적률과 주택가격의 상관관계를 분석한 결과, 타워형 건축형태, 자연환경 및 랜드마크 조망에 대한 주거조건이 주택가격에 긍정적인 영향을 미치고 있다는 것을 확인하였으며, 이는 선행연구 분석 내용과도 일치하는 것을 알 수 있었다. 또한 용적률에 따른 아파트 가격의 변화를 능형회귀분석을 통해 시뮬레이션 한 결과 주택가격이 최대가 되는 용적률이 도출되었으며, 대략 용적률이230%가 되는 지점에서 단위 면적당 아파트 가격이 최대가 되고 있음을 알 수 있었다. 그러나 이 결과는 신규 입주자에게 이익이 최대가 되는 용적률로, 조합(또는 대상지 주민)의 입장에서 재개발 및 재건축사업의 사업성을 고려해보았을 경우에는 이윤이 최대가 될 때의 용적률 범위는 다를 수 있으므로 이에 대한 후속 작업이 필요할 것으로 판단된다. 주거단지의 개발밀도는 주거환경과 주택가격과 같은 경제적 가치 등 다양한 요소들을 고려하여 설정되어야 하며, 본 연구는 이를 위한 초기 연구라고할 수 있다. 본 연구의 결과는, 선행되었던 적정개발밀도에 관한 연구 결과를 검토하고, 개발밀도의 주요 지표로서 용적률과 공동주택가격과의 상관관계를 분석함으로서 향후 공동주택건설 사업시 참조자료가 될 수 있을 것이라고 기대한다. As housing redevelopment and rebuilding projects for housing environment improvement are becoming more and more abundant, houses are losing their original function as a place for living and becoming an important component of investment and speculation. The development densities of apartment houses are especially influential to the business profitability of such redevelopment projects; developers have long preferred high density development in order to maximize profits. This has lead to the deterioration of quality in housing environments and change in housing quality after development. The development density must be adjusted to an appropriate level. If the densities are too low, then there will be problems such as inefficient use of land, decreased usage of central urban facilities, and increased development related expenses for existing residents. On the other hand, if the density is too high, then the number of housed people will increase and if central facilities are not sufficient enough to accommodate the increased demand, the result will be parking difficulties, traffic congestion, lack of convenience facilities, and violation to the right to enjoy sunlight and privacy, eventually leading to a drop in housing quality. Therefore it is important that there is an appropriate standard that will guide developers to create a development that has pleasant surroundings as well as quality houses. The main objectives of this study are to examine environmental standards of aspects in the housing environment that can affect the floor area ratio through existing researches and looking into the cause-effect relationship of the floor area ratio and housing prices. More importantly, we will investigate the relationship between floor area ratio and houses in the viewpoint of an apartment resident and use simulations to draw the exact floor area ratio in which housing values are at its peak. From previous research, it was found that legal standards which determine housing quality?such as duration of sunshine, and percentage of closed views?are much lower than the actual numbers in which most residents feel to be a pleasant environment. Also, the floor area ratio which residents prefer was discovered to be much lower than the legal ratio. There are studies on details of the maximum floor area ratio for a pleasant housing environment from various viewpoints such as saving energy or acquiring sunshine etc; the range is from 150~210%. From analyzing the relationship between floor area ratios and housing prices in this study, it was proved that tower-shaped architecture, and view of natural environment or landmark was a positive factor in deciding housing prices; the finding was in accordance with previous studies. Through a simulation using a rhombus regression analysis of change in apartment prices over floor area ratio, it was found that apartment prices per unit area were most high at 230% floor area ratio. However, this number was also the ratio in which a new occupant of the house could receive the most profit. Those in a union, or existing residents of the area, may have different floor area ratios in which profit can be maximized after considering the profitability of different redevelopment or rebuilding projects, and therefore needs more follow-up research. The density of development for housing complexes must consider various aspects such as housing environment and prices; this study is an early research into this field. It is expected that the findings of this study can be used as reference material for future apartment housing development projects for its examination of appropriate development densities through previous researches and exploration of the relationship between floor area ratio and apartment housing prices.

흰점박이꽃무지(딱정벌레목 : 풍뎅이과) 3령 유충의 사육 밀도 조건에 따른 발육특성 연구

지상민,김선영,김소윤,송정훈 경상국립대학교 농업생명과학연구원 2023 농업생명과학연구 Vol.57 No.2

Rearing density experiments were performed in order to investigate the optimal rearing density of the third instar larvae of Protaetiabrevitarsis seulensis (Kolbe) with a long developmental period. For this study, 20, 30, and 40 third-instar larvae were reared in thesame size rearing boxes (3L), respectively, and developmental periods (from third instar to pupation, pupal duration, from third instarto adult), developmental characteristics and gender differences of adults (weight, body length, and width) were compared among densitytreatments. As a result, the developmental period (from third-instar to puaption, from third-instar to adult) of 30 larvae/box is shorterthan the other treatments (P < 0.05). The developmental characteristics of adults also showed statistically significant differences amongtreatment and 20 of them had the most weight, body length and width. The difference in developmental characteristics between malesand females was significant mainly in the 20-larvae density. The developmental characteristics of adults according to density were alsocompared by sexes, and although females were not affected by density, males were significantly affected by density in all characteristics,especially under 20-larvae density. In conclusion, third instar larvae are suitable to raise 30 larvae in 3-L boxes, which can significantlyshorten the developmental period from third instar to adult and reduce feed cost. 흰점박이꽃무지[Protaetia brevitarsis seulensis (Kolbe)]의 적정 사육 밀도를 구명하기 위해 상대적으로 발육기간이 긴 3령 유충을 대상으로밀도 실험을 수행하였다. 3령 유충기부터 번데기까지의 발육기간과 3령 유충부터 성충까지의 발육기간은 모두 30마리 밀도에서 가장 짧았다. 하지만, 번데기에서 성충까지 걸리는 시간은 유의미한 차이가 없었다. 성충의 외형적 특성도 밀도 간 통계적으로 유의미한 차이가 나타났는데,그중 20마리 밀도 조건에서 사육된 성충은 무게와 체장, 체폭이 가장 우량하였다. 암수의 외형적 특성 차이는 주로 20마리 조건에서 유의미하게나타났다. 암컷은 밀도 조건에 영향을 받지 않았지만, 수컷의 경우는 모든 외형적 특성에서 밀도에 영향을 받는 것으로 분석되었으며, 특히 20마리조건은 다른 조건보다 성충의 크기가 큰 것을 확인하였다. 결론적으로, 흰점박이꽃무지의 3령 유충은 3L 사육상자에 30마리 밀도 조건으로 사육하는것이 효율적이며, 이를 통해 3령에서 성충까지의 발육기간을 단축할 수 있고, 사료 비용도 절감할 수 있다

고밀복합 토지이용 평가지표 개발 및 적용에 관한 연구

김상원(Kim Sang Won) 한국지역개발학회 2012 韓國地域開發學會誌 Vol.24 No.1

At the 20th century, main flows for major plans in urban planning paradigm ranging from Le Corbusier`s internationalism to Compact City, New Urbanism and Transit-Oriented Development are based on High-Density·Mixed-Land Use Developments. However, due to the lack of comprehensive and objective evaluation indicators, it is not known exactly how the principle idea of these plans was being applied to the cities in Korea and how much it had progressed. This study was used to develop some models to evaluate existing urban High-Density·Mixed-Land Use Developments. Research progress was separated into 3 steps in order to develop evaluation models of High-Density·Mixed-Land Use Developments. Firstly, the top-evaluation items are reviewed through the transition process of urban planning paradigm and the sub-evaluation indicators are established through the existing precedent research. Secondly, the final evaluation indicators are produced the expert validation. Finally, the importance of evaluation items and indicators was estimated by expert survey. As a result, evaluation items of High-Density·Mixed-Land Use Developments were Land, transportation, environment and economy in order of importance. Density demonstrated the most important indicator in land and the modal choice rate of public transportation showed the highest importance in the traffic. Energy efficiency and atmospheric environment were important in the environment. Cultural facilities and employment density appeared important in the economy.

도시공간구조의 특성이 교통부문 이산화탄소 배출에 미치는 영향에 대한 연구 - 시스템다이내믹스 방법을 중심으로 -

김병석,문태훈 한국지역개발학회 2014 韓國地域開發學會誌 Vol.26 No.5

The purpose of this paper is to examine the effect of urban spatial structure on transport sector CO2 emission using system dynamics simulation method and to find policy implication for urban planning. For this purpose, system dynamics model containing two competing arguments on the impact of high density development on air pollutant emission from transportation was built and simulated for four selected case cities representing different types of urban spatial structure; high density-monocentric city, high density- polycentric city, low density-monocentric city, and low density-polycentric city. Simulation results show that increasing both development density and mixed land use decrease number of car users, increase number of public transportation users, and decrease total CO2 emission from transport sector. And cities with higher density show higher CO2 reduction result in transportation sector than cities with lower density. In addition, high density-monocentric city shows better CO2 reduction rate than high density-polycentric city, indicating that monocentric compact city is better in reducing CO2 emission from transport sector.

고밀복합 토지이용 평가지표 개발 및 적용에 관한 연구

김상완(Kim, Sang-Won) 한국지역개발학회 2012 韓國地域開發學會誌 Vol.24 No.1

At the 20th century, main flows for major plans in urban planning paradigm ranging from Le Corbusier"s internationalism to Compact City, New Urbanism and Transit-Oriented Development are based on High-Density?Mixed-Land Use Developments. However, due to the lack of comprehensive and objective evaluation indicators, it is not known exactly how the principle idea of these plans was being applied to the cities in Korea and how much it had progressed. This study was used to develop some models to evaluate existing urban High-Density?Mixed-Land Use Developments. Research progress was separated into 3 steps in order to develop evaluation models of High-Density?Mixed-Land Use Developments. Firstly, the top-evaluation items are reviewed through the transition process of urban planning paradigm and the sub-evaluation indicators are established through the existing precedent research. Secondly, the final evaluation indicators are produced the expert validation. Finally, the importance of evaluation items and indicators was estimated by expert survey. As a result, evaluation items of High-Density?Mixed-Land Use Developments were Land, transportation, environment and economy in order of importance. Density demonstrated the most important indicator in land and the modal choice rate of public transportation showed the highest importance in the traffic. Energy efficiency and atmospheric environment were important in the environment. Cultural facilities and employment density appeared important in the economy.

개발밀도에 따른 주거만족도 변화에 관한 연구

오주용,박환용,김덕례 대한국토·도시계획학회 2006 國土計劃 Vol.41 No.2

The aim of this study is to identify the variation of residential satisfaction by development density considering both FAR (floor area ratio) and resident story. Now that determination of residential satisfaction is totally the matters dealing with subjective judgment depending on people's sense of values, the results could be changed by evaluation methods and different values of an era; furthermore, the factors which determine residential satisfaction are diverse and have different influences. Until now, however, existing studies have dealt with only the relationship between total residential satisfaction and residential satisfaction factors. Therefore, the basic concept of residential satisfaction employed in this study includes 5 factors namely ‘Safety,’ ‘Health,’ ‘Convenience,’ ‘Amenity,’ and ‘Sustainability.’ Within this definition, this study analyzed the variation of residential satisfaction by development density considering both floor area ratio and resident story. As a result, total residential satisfaction and satisfaction for each residential satisfaction factor appeared differently. All in all, residential satisfaction which differs according to FAR and stories should be considered when planners do residential design. 키 워 드 개발밀도, 주거만족, 용적률Keywords Development Density, Residential Satisfaction, FAR

Reality of compact development in a developing country: focusing on perceived quality of life in Jakarta, Indonesia

Ratna Ayu Komalawati,Jaebin Lim 서울시립대학교 도시과학연구원 2021 도시과학국제저널 Vol.25 No.4

Recent urban planning tends to encourage higher density assuming that density would increase urban quality of life (UQoL) and sustainability. However, in the developing world, numerous primate cities are already highly densified. For example, Jakarta's density is over 1,500 people/ha. The population grew from 6.5 million in 1980 to 10 million in 2015. Jakarta's urban area also expanded to neighbouring jurisdictions including Bogor, Depok, Tangerang, and Bekasi and became a metropolitan area with 23 million people. Although Jakarta is dense, it is inefficient, causing Jakarta to encourage more compact development to improve quality of life (QoL) and sustainability from 2005. Yet, the relationship between compactness and QoL has remained unquestioned. This study aimed to investigate the perceived QoL of citizens living in three types of neighbourhood – high density and high mixed-use (HH), high density and low mixed-use (HL), and low density and high mixed-use (LH). This study finds that residents in LH find QoL to be higher compared with other types of residents. It also reveals that mixed use plays a more important role in improving residents’ QoL than does density. In addition, social cohesion and inter-personal relationships are more likely to occur in LH. High density tends to lead to lower QoL. This study calls for revisiting our beliefs in high density and more in-depth studies on the relationship between urban form and QoL.

접도구역의 토지개발 특성 분석에 관한 연구: 평택시 사례를 중심으로

장기욱,이창수,김대일 국토연구원 2021 국토연구 Vol.111 No.-

In Korea, the adjoining of zone to road was introduced in the 1960s to respond to traffic demands caused by urbanization and industrialization. In particular, roadside land is a center of transportation and an important resource for regional development outside cities, where the demand for development is high. These developments highlight the need to establish an urban management plan that prevents reckless development. Correspondingly, this study examined the development characteristics of land in adjacent areas using the spatial analysis technique of a geographic information system and formulated a model to analyze the effects of the adjoining project on urban-type development density. The results are intended to be used as basic data for growth management analysis. In addition, correlation and multiple regression analyses were performed to probe into the characteristics of urban-type development density. The results reflected that officially assessed land prices, the number of adjoining roads per kilometer, and access to major facilities influence the determination of urban-type development density. 접도구역은 과거 1960년대 도시화・산업화에 따른 교통수요에 대응하기 위해 도입된 제도로 도로의 기능과 안전 및 미관을 보호하기 위한 법적 목적에도 불구하고 개발행위 억제하는 방법으로만 운영되었기 때문에 ‘사유권 침해’ 등 불합리한 규제로 인식되어 왔다. 특히 도로변의 토지는 교통의 중심지로 도시지역 외 지역에서는 지역중심의 역할을 하기도 하며, 개발압력이 높은 공간으로 지역발전의 중요한 자원으로서의 역할도 있기 때문에 난개발 방지와 계획적 개발을 함께 고려한 도시계획적 관리방안 수립이 필요하다. 본 논문의 목적은 GIS의 공간분석 기법을 활용하여 접도구역 토지의 특성과 개발특성을 살펴보고 도시형개발 밀도에 미치는 영향을 분석하기 위한 모형을 제시함으로서, 도시계획적 차원의 관리방안 마련을 위한 난개발 및 성장관리 분석의 기초 자료로 활용할 수 있도록 하는 데 있다. 이를 위해 도시형개발 밀도의 특성을 분석하기 위한 상관관계 분석과 다중회귀분석을 실시하였으며, 개발특성 요인으로 분석된 지표를 활용하여 도시형개발 밀도의 특성을 분석하였다. 그 결과 공시지가, 1km당 접속도로 수, 주요시설과의 접근성 등이 도시형개발 밀도를 결정하는 데 영향이 있는 것으로 나타났다.