Net-Zero Energy Building Optimization Based on Simulation by African Vulture Optimization Algorithm: Cases of Italy

Wang Ziyu,Yin Haoyu,Baniotopoulos Charalampos,Zafetti Nicholas 대한전기학회 2023 Journal of Electrical Engineering & Technology Vol.18 No.6

Obtaining the optimum integration of design policies is the target in net-zero energy buildings. This is designed to solve the energy operation problems in a specific building. A multi-objective optimization method is proposed in this paper for net-zero energy building operation optimization to achieve the best design solution among Pareto set solutions. This method is based on simulation and includes simulation of the building, optimization, multi-criteria decision-making approach, and sensitivity analysis to confirm the validity of the optimum results. Some cases of Italy with various climatic conditions are selected to be investigated in terms of the cost-efficiency potential to optimize the net-zero energy building design. To improve this design and to help decision-making in the early design steps of the building, the presented method can be efficient. For the minimization of the electrical, and thermal demands and also life cycle costs while obtaining net-zero energy balance, an optimization algorithm called African Vulture Optimization Algorithm is proposed. Also, to achieve an optimum solution, the Elimination and Choice Expressing the Reality method is used in the Pareto set. Based on the best design variables and their related objective functions, in comparison to the base case, the yearly thermal loads lowered from 18.9 to 33.5% by optimum designs, and the solar domestic hot water electrical power use lowered up to 7.6% and the life cycle cost is decreased up to 14.7%.

중국 신진 사진작가들의 작품 색채 경향 분석

WANG ZIYUE,김샛별(Saetbyul Kim),김유선(Yoosun Kim),김영화(Younghwa Kim) 한국색채학회 2022 한국색채학회 학술대회 Vol.2022 No.12

인터넷플랫폼의 출현과 발전으로 사람들의 소비습관이 바뀌었고 이미지라는 매개체가 특히 중요해졌다. 상업사진에서 이미지는 상품에 대한 정보를 조합하여 최종적으로 시각적인 언어로 나타내는 것이기 때문에 제작자는 소비자와의 소통과 공감 형성을 위한 이미지를 제작해야한다. 본 연구에서는 중국 인터넷플랫폼에서 상업사진 발전방향 가이드라인 마련을 위한 기초 연구조사로 중국 신진 사진작가들의 작품 경향을 알아보고자 한다. 연구의 대상은 국가에서 수여하는 상을 수상한 중국 신진 사진작가 4인을 선정하여 작품을 분석하였다. 본 연구에서는 인터넷 플랫폼에서 더욱 효과를 발휘할 수 있는 상업사진 색채 마련을 위한 기초자료를 마련하고자 한다.

동충하초균주로 발효한 감초의 주요성분 함량 변화 및 NO 생성 억제 효과

왕자옥(Ziyu Wang),이매(Mei Li),이커(Ke Li),손병구(Beung Gu Son),강점순(Jum Soon Kang),이용재(Yong Jae Lee),박영훈(Young Hoon Park),김선태(Sun Tae Kim),정재철(Jae-Chul Jung),이영근(Young Guen Lee),최영환(Young Whan Choi) 한국생명과학회 2017 생명과학회지 Vol.27 No.1

약용식물의 발효는 새로운 식품의 소재 개발이 가능하나, 발효 균주는 대부분 이스트, 유산균, 박테리아 등이 이용되고 있다. 본 연구에서는 감초와 번데기 단독 또는 감초에 발효원인 번데기를 20%와 50%로 첨가한 혼합물의 배지에 눈꽃 동충하초(Paecilomyces tenuipes)와 밀리타리스 동충하초(Cordyceps militaris)를 이용하여 고체배양방법을 확립하였다. 동충하초 발효물을 식품소재로 개발하기 위하여 식용 가능한 용매인 에탄올 95%, 70%, 50%, 25% 및 물로서 추출한 다음 동충하초로부터 생성된 cordycepin과 감초의 지표성분인 liquiritin, liquiritigenin과 glycirrhizin의 함량 및 NO생성 억제효과를 조사하였다. Cordycepin함량은 감초에 번데기를 50%로 혼합한 배지에 밀리타리스 동충하초 균주을 접종하여 발효한 발효물을 70% EtOH추출하였을 경우에 가장 많았으며, 번데기를 첨가하지 않은 밀리타리스 동충하초 발효물 추출물보다 함량이 33배 정도 증가하였다. 또한 추출용매의 극성이 70% EtOH보다 높거나 낮아지면 감소하는 경향이었으며, 특히 발효원으로서 번데기의 첨가는 cordycepin의 함량을 현저하게 증가시켰다. Liquiritin의 함량은 발효하지 않은 감초보다 눈꽃 동충하초와 밀리타리스 동충하초로 발효한 모든 추출물에서 감소하였다. Liquiritigenin의 함량은 눈꽃 동충하초로 발효한 추출물이 밀리타리스 동충하초 발효 추출물보다 현저히 증가하였으나, 밀리타리스 동충하초 균쥬의 발효 추출물은 발효하지 않은 감초추출물과 거의 차이가 없었으며, 두 균주 모두 번데기의 첨가량이 증가할수록 liquiritigenin의 함량이 감소하는 경향이었다. 감초에 번데기의 첨가량 또는 추출 용매의 극성이 증가하면 liquiritin과 glycyrrhizin의 함량은 현저히 감소하였다. 이상의 결과로부터, cordycepin 함량은 C. militaris 균주로 liquiritigenin은 P. tenuipes로 발효시에 현저하게 증가하였으나, liquiritin과 glycyrrhizin은 감소하였다. 감초를 동충하초로 발효시에 번데기의 첨가는 주요 성분의 변화를 현저하게 유도하였다. 동충하초 발효 추출물은 NO생성 억제효과가 증가하였으며, 고극성 용매추출물에서 그 효과가 현저하였다. 감초의 발효시에 생성된 cordycepin과 liquiritin, liquiritigenin 및 glycyrrhizin의 함량은 발효원으로서 첨가되는 번데기, 추출용매의 극성, 발효 균주의 종류 등에 따라서 현저한 차이가 있었다. 이러한 결과는 동충하초 균주를 이용한 기능성 식품 소재를 개발하기 위한 기초 자료로서 활용이 가능할 것으로 기대된다. Traditional Korean fermented herbal plants are potential sources of new food that promote health, but they are still produced by yeast, fungi or bacteria fermentation. In the present work, mushroom (Paecilomyces tenuipes and Cordyceps militaris) fungal dongchunghacho were used to fermented Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fischer (licorice) or mixed with pupa. The pupa were tested as solid substrates for the production of corcycepin, liquiritin, and liquiritigenin. The fermented substrates were analyzed the content of cordycepin, liquiritin, liquiritigenin, and glycirrhizin productivity and inhibitory activity of NO. The cordycepin content of 70% EtOH extract from the fermented mixture of licorice and 50% pupa with C. militaris increased maximum at 33 times. Pupa was very excellent for the production of cordycepin. The liquiritin content was decreased in all the assays inoculated with P. tenuipes and C. militaris dongchunghachos. The liquiritigenin content was higher when fermented with P. tenuipes than C. militaris. The addition of pupa significantly reduced the liquiritin content and glycyrrhizin production. As a result, the liquiritigenin content increased in fermented P. tenuipes and C. militaris, and liquiritin and glycyrrhizin decreased. The inhibition of NO production in the different ethanolic extracts fermented with licorice and pupa was also significantly increased and higher than that of a nonfermented extract in higher polar solvent extracts. The contents of cordycepin and biological active compounds were altered in accordance with the concentration of pupa and fungi. This study provides basic data for use in developing dongchunghacho fungi as a functional food resource.

The Big Data Applications in Film Industry Chain

Xinran Wang,Yan Wang,Jianping Chai,Xi Feng,Ziyu Liu 보안공학연구지원센터 2016 International Journal of Database Theory and Appli Vol.9 No.12

Nowadays, the audiences' consumption attitudes, consumption patterns and consumer groups are all in the great changes, thus it is necessary to improve the film’s revenue by excellent script selecting, accurate market positioning, effective product marketing, and accurate forecasting of the box office. This paper introduced the application and benefit of big data in the film industry chain in terms of film making and investing, film publicity and distribution, film broadcasting and film audience, pointed out many challenges that big data encountered in China’s film industry and finally provided useful suggestions for the practitioners in the film industry of all aspects.

Comparison of in vitro digestibility and chemical composition among four crop straws treated by Pleurotus ostreatus

Nie, Haitao,Wang, Ziyu,You, Jihao,Zhu, Gang,Wang, Hengchang,Wang, Feng Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2020 Animal Bioscience Vol.33 No.1

Objective: The effects of Pleurotus ostreatus on the feed utilization of broad bean stalks (BBS), rape straw (RS), paddy straw (PS), and corn stalk (CS) was examined. Methods: The four roughages were co-cultured with Pleurotus ostreatus. The chemical composition; enzyme activities of laccase, carboxymethylcellulase (CMCase) and xylanase; carbohydrate and protein fractions (based on The Cornell Net Carbohydrate and Protein System [CNCPS]) were assessed at different days after inoculation (7, 14, 21, 28 d) and un-inoculated roughages (control, 0 d). The digestibility of nutrient components and the gas production of roughage with various incubation times were monitored at 0, 2, 4, 6, 9, 12, 24, 36, 48, 60, and 72 h using an in vitro ruminal fermentation method. Results: A higher CMCase activity (0.1039 U/mL) and earlier time to peak (14 d) were detected in Pleurotus ostreatus cultured with CS (p<0.05). Significantly, the incubation length-dependent responses of cumulative gas production were observed from 24 to 72 hours post fermentation (p<0.05), and these incubation length-dependent effects on cumulative gas production of PS and CS appeared earlier (24 h) for PS and CS than those (48 h) for BBS and RS (p<0.05). The fast-degradable carbohydrate (CA) content for all four roughages significantly increased over time (p<0.05). Nonetheless, increased degradation efficiency for CA treated with Pleurotus ostreatus was detected at both 21 and 28 days of incubation (p<0.05). With the exception of PS (p<0.05), there were no significant difference among the roughages (p>0.05) in slowly-degradable carbohydrate (CB2) at different incubation times (p<0.05). Conclusion: Assessment of the alterations in chemical composition, CNCPS system fractions, and the fermentation kinetics after biological pretreatment may yield a valuable database for evaluating the biological pretreatment of Pleurotus ostreatus in ruminant feed.

Scaffold Engineering with Flavone-Modified Biomimetic Architecture for Vascular Tissue Engineering Applications

Xie Chao,Guo Ting,Wang Wei,Li Gang,Cai Zhou,Chen Shen,Wang Xianwei,Liu Ziyu,Wang Zuyong 한국조직공학과 재생의학회 2022 조직공학과 재생의학 Vol.19 No.4

BACKGROUND: Vascular intimal hyperplasia (IH) is one of the key challenges in the clinical application of smalldiameter vascular grafts. Current tissue engineering strategies focus on vascularization and antithrombotics, yet few approaches have been developed to treat IH. Here, we designed a tissue-engineered vascular scaffold with portulaca flavonoid (PTF) composition and biomimetic architecture. METHOD: By electrospinning, PTF is integrated with biodegradable poly(e-caprolactone) (PCL) into a bionic vascular scaffold. The structure and functions of the scaffolds were evaluated based on material characterization and cellular biocompatibility. Human vascular smooth muscle cells (HVSMCs) were cultured on scaffolds for up to 14 days. RESULTS: The incorporation of PTF and preparation parameters during fabrication influences the morphology of the scaffold, including fibre diameter, structure, and orientation. Compared to the PCL scaffold, the scaffolds integrated with bioactive PTF show better hydrophilicity and degradability. HVSMCs seeded on the scaffold alongside the fibres exhibit fusiform-like shapes, indicating that the scaffold can provide contact guidance for cell morphology alterations. This study demonstrates that the PCL/PTF (9.1%) scaffold inhibits the excessive proliferation of HVSMCs without causing cytotoxicity. CONCLUSION: The study provides insights into the problem of restenosis caused by IH. This engineered vascular scaffold with complex function and preparation is expected to be applied as a substitute for small-diameter vascular grafts.

A Study on BMPR-IB Genes of Bayanbulak Sheep

Zuo, Beiyao,Qian, Hongguang,Wang, Ziyu,Wang, Xu,Nisa, Noor,Bayier, Aierdin,Ying, Shijia,Hu, Xiaolong,Gong, Changhai,Guo, Zhiqin,Wang, Feng Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2013 Animal Bioscience Vol.26 No.1

The average twin lambing rate of Bayanbulak sheep is 2% to 3%. However, a flock of sheep with a close genetic relationship and an average of 2 to 3 lambs per birth has been found recently. To determine the major genes controlling the prolificacy of the flock in the present study, the flock was designated A while 100 normal Bayanbulak sheep were randomly selected to comprise the control flock B. Ligase detection reaction method was applied to detect and analyze the 10 mutational loci of the 3 candidate prolificacy genes including bone morphogenetic protein type I receptors, bone morphogenetic protein 15, and growth differentiation factor 9. The 10 mutational loci are as follows: FecB locus of the BMPR-IB gene; $FecX^I$, $FecX^B$, $FecX^L$, $FecX^H$, $FecX^G$, and $FecX^R$ of the BMP15 gene; and G1, G8, and FecTT of the GDF9 gene. Two mutations including BMPR-IB/FecB and GDF9/G1 were found in Bayanbulak sheep. Independence test results of the two flocks demonstrate that the FecB locus has a significant effect on the lambing number of Bayanbulak sheep. However, the mutation frequency of the G1 locus in GDF9 is very low. Independence test results demonstrate that the GDF9 locus does not have a significant impact on the lambing performance of Bayanbulak sheep. Among the 10 detected loci, BMPR-IB/FecB is the major gene that influences the high lambing rate of Bayanbulak sheep.

Reciprocal regulation of SIRT1 and AMPK by Ginsenoside compound K impedes the conversion from plasma cells to mitigate for podocyte injury in MRL/lpr mice in a B cell-specific manner

Ziyu Song,Meng Jin,Shenglong Wang,Yanzuo Wu,Qi Huang,Wangda Xu,Yongsheng Fan,Fengyuan Tian The Korean Society of Ginseng 2024 Journal of Ginseng Research Vol.48 No.2

Background: Deposition of immune complexes drives podocyte injury acting in the initial phase of lupus nephritis (LN), a process mediated by B cell involvement. Accordingly, targeting B cell subsets represents a potential therapeutic approach for LN. Ginsenoside compound K (CK), a bioavailable component of ginseng, possesses nephritis benefits in lupus-prone mice; however, the underlying mechanisms involving B cell subpopulations remain elusive. Methods: Female MRL/lpr mice were administered CK (40 mg/kg) intragastrically for 10 weeks, followed by measurements of anti-dsDNA antibodies, inflammatory chemokines, and metabolite profiles on renal samples. Podocyte function and ultrastructure were detected. Publicly available single-cell RNA sequencing data and flow cytometry analysis were employed to investigate B cell subpopulations. Metabolomics analysis was adopted. SIRT1 and AMPK expression were analyzed by immunoblotting and immunofluorescence assays. Results: CK reduced proteinuria and protected podocyte ultrastructure in MRL/lpr mice by suppressing circulating anti-dsDNA antibodies and mitigating systemic inflammation. It activated B cell-specific SIRT1 and AMPK with Rhamnose accumulation, hindering the conversion of renal B cells into plasma cells. This cascade facilitated the resolution of local renal inflammation. CK facilitated the clearance of deposited immune complexes, thus reinstating podocyte morphology and mobility by normalizing the expression of nephrin and SYNPO. Conclusions: Our study reveals the synergistic interplay between SIRT1 and AMPK, orchestrating the restoration of renal B cell subsets. This process effectively mitigates immune complex deposition and preserves podocyte function. Accordingly, CK emerges as a promising therapeutic agent, potentially alleviating the hyperactivity of renal B cell subsets during LN.

2P-587 충전제 탄산칼슘과 이산화티탄의 혼합및 개질에 따른 종이 물성과 광학적 성질

( Ziyue Mo ),조준형,( Lijun Wang ) 한국공업화학회 2017 한국공업화학회 연구논문 초록집 Vol.2017 No.1

The current data shows that the consumption of inorganic filler in papermaking process is in a increasing trend. For the sake of reduction of cost, this inorganic filler was added to the papermaking as the core material, meanwhile, the smoothness, opacity and other property can be improved. Especially, GCC, PCC, TiO₂ are the most common filler for increasing the paper opacity. Although the paper made by TiO₂ let paper get higher opacity than GCC, PCC, the high cost is its weakness. There are many advanced composite and material made from raw material. The less new material is used in the paper, the better property is got. In this study, not only to further improve paper opacity but also to cut down the cost, PCC and GCC were surface modified with TiO₂ through Hibridizer. While the material made though this process was adding in the papermaking process, the optical property and strength property can be commanded, especially opacity.

Icaritin Preparation from Icariin by a Special Epimedium Flavonoid-Glycosidase from Aspergillus sp.y848 Strain

( Zhenghao Wang ),( Chunying Liu ),( Hongshan Yu ),( Bo Wu ),( Baoyu Huai ),( Ziyu Zhuang ),( Changkai Sun ),( Longquan Xu ),( Fengxie Jin ) 한국미생물생명공학회 2022 Journal of microbiology and biotechnology Vol.32 No.4

In this study, to obtain icaritin with high pharmacological activities from icariin, which has a content ratio of over 58% in the total flavonoids of Epimedium herb, a special Epimedium flavonoid-glycosidase was produced, purified and characterized from Aspergillus sp.y848 strain. The optimal enzyme production was gained in a medium containing 5% (w/v) wheat bran extract and 0.7% (w/v) Epimedium leaf powder as the enzyme inducer, and strain culture at 30℃ for 6-7 days. The molecular weight of the enzyme was approximately 73.2 kDa; the optimal pH and temperature were 5.0 and 40°C. The enzyme Km and Vmax values for icariin were 15.63 mM and 55.56 mM/h. Moreover, the enzyme hydrolyzed the 7-O-glucosides of icariin into icariside II, and finally hydrolyzed 3-Orhamnoside of icariside II into icaritin. The enzyme also hydrolyzed 7-O-glucosides of epimedin B to sagittatoside B, and then further hydrolyzed terminal 3-O-xyloside of sagittatoside B to icarisiede II, before finally hydrolyzing 3-O-rhamnoside of icarisiede II into icaritin. The enzyme only hydrolyzed 7-O-glucoside of epimedin A or epimedin C into sagittatoside A or sagittatoside C. It is possible to prepare icaritin from the high-content icariin in Epimedium herb using this enzyme. When 2.5% icariin was reacted at 40℃ for 18-20 h by the low-cost crude enzyme, 5.04 g icaritin with 98% purity was obtained from 10 g icariin. Also, the icaritin molar yield was 92.5%. Our results showed icaritin was successfully produced via cost-effective and relatively simple methods from icariin by crude enzyme. Our results should be very useful for the development of medicines from Epimedium herb.