중국 연변지역 布爾哈通河의 수질특성 및 개선방안

임봉수,임상호,윤성일 대전대학교 환경문제연구소 2001 환경문제연구소 논문집 Vol.5 No.-

This study was carried out to suggest the measures and to understand the characteristics of water quality in Buerhatong river within yanbian area, China. Suspended solids appeared high in rainfall season, but BOD and COD appeared lower than suspended solids. The yearly average water quality of all location in this river was less than BOD 2mg/L, less than COD 5mg/L, and ammonia nitrogen was over than 1mg/L in 1997, and was suitable to the class Ⅲ of environmental standard for the surface water. Because of domestic sewage and nightsoil exhausted at Yanji city without treatment system inflowed in this river Synthetical pollution index was calculated for the assessment of water quality, had a tendency to increase near to the downstream. The highest pollution allocation rate is 44% as suspended solids. To reform the deteroriorated river, the sewage wastewater treatment plants will be constructed at Myoungwoal Jin and Yanji city by 2010, respectively. Then COD discharge loading produced in this watershed will be decreased by about 43% of total loading.

Risk factor analysis of coexisting endometrial carcinoma in patients with endometrial hyperplasia: a retrospective observational study of Taiwanese Gynecologic Oncology Group

Yu-Li Chen,Kung-Liahng Wang,Min-Yu Chen,Mu-Hsien Yu,Chen-Hsuan Wu,Yu-Min Ke,Yi-Jen Chen,Yin-Yi Chang,Keng-Fu Hsu,Ming-Shyen Yen 대한부인종양학회 2013 Journal of Gynecologic Oncology Vol.24 No.1

Objective: To evaluate the clinical outcome and parameters related to coexisting endometrial carcinoma in women with tissuediagnosed endometrial hyperplasia. Methods: Between January 1991 and December 2009, three hundred and eighty-six patients with the presumptive diagnosis of endometrial hyperplasia were retrieved. Among these, one hundred and twenty-five patients were identified as having coexisting endometrial carcinoma in hysterectomy specimens. The three hundred and eighty-six patients were divided into two groups: the hyperplasia-benign group (261 cases) and the hyperplasia-malignant group (125 cases). Several clinical parameters including age, menopausal status, history of abnormal uterine bleeding, obstetrical history, medical history of diabetes and hypertension, BMI, and preoperative pathologic results were investigated. Results: Age ≥53 (odds ratio [OR], 2.40; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.26 to 4.57), menopausal status (OR, 2.07; 95% CI, 1.14to 3.76), diabetes history (OR, 7.33; 95% CI, 2.79 to 19.26), abnormal uterine bleeding (OR, 3.99; 95% CI, 1.22 to 13.02), atypical endometrial hyperplasia (OR, 7.38; 95% CI, 4.03 to 13.49), and body mass index ≥27 (OR, 3.24; 95% CI, 1.76 to 5.97) were independent risk factors for prediction of endometrial hyperplasia coexisting with endometrial carcinoma. The diagnostic efficacy of atypical endometrial hyperplasia to predict the endometrial hyperplasia coexisting with endometrial carcinoma was better than or similar to those of other independent factors and combinations of these factors. Conclusion: Coexisting malignancy should be considered when examining endometrial hyperplasia patients with the related risk factors, especially atypical endometrial hyperplasia.

Decomposition theorems of Lie operator algebras

Yin Chen,Liangyun Chen 대한수학회 2011 대한수학회보 Vol.48 No.6

In this paper, we introduce a notion of Lie operator algebras which as a generalization of ordinary Lie algebras is an analogy of operator groups. We discuss some elementary properties of Lie operator algebras. Moreover, we also prove a decomposition theorem for Lie operator algebras.

DECOMPOSITION THEOREMS OF LIE OPERATOR ALGEBRAS

Chen, Yin,Chen, Liangyun Korean Mathematical Society 2011 대한수학회보 Vol.48 No.6

In this paper, we introduce a notion of Lie operator algebras which as a generalization of ordinary Lie algebras is an analogy of operator groups. We discuss some elementary properties of Lie operator algebras. Moreover, we also prove a decomposition theorem for Lie operator algebras.

Shanghai Baby as a Chinese Chick-Lit : Female Empowerment and Neoliberal Consumerist Agency

CHEN, Eva Yin-I Ewha Womans University Press 2009 Asian Journal of Women's Studies(AJWS) Vol.15 No.1

This paper argues that Shanghai Baby’s celebration of an active, empowering form of female sexual and economic independence, voiced in neo-liberal market terms of active choice and individual freedom, signals an important departure from earlier representations of Chinese women and points to affinities both in narrative, thematic and ideological dimensions with the contemporary Anglo- American chick lit. The novel is anchored in the last years of the 1990s, when integration of the Chinese urban society in a global consumer culture are much greater than before. The novel also appropriates feminist terms of female empowerment and agency to celebrate the sexual and economic confidence of a new urban, me- first generation of well-educated and physically attractive women. It also stresses their deliberate alienation from feminism as a social movement. Empowerment and agency are to be sought in individual consumerist power and via full participation in an increasingly globalized commodity culture that addresses these women as active consumers with unconstrained choice. This paper points out that such rhetoric of agency and individualism reflects the impact of the neoliberal market rationality. This has moved beyond the economic dimension of maximized profit-making into the social and cultural area of subject formation. These women are thereby interpellated as actively choosing and self-responsible consumers and social differences are aestheticized as lifestyles. I argue that Shanghai Baby also contains complex and contradictory messages which help to cast a critical light on the twin discourses of postfeminism and consumerism of the chick lit genre. By appropriating feminist terms of empowerment and also by stressing that women should embrace and adjust to mainstream patriarchal culture and its conventional discourses of erotic beauty, the novel reveals a level of anxiety, frustration, and constant pressure of self-discipline. This eventually undermines its language of female sexual subjectification. By celebrating Shanghai’s integration into a global consumer culture, while hinting at the hidden race and class hierarchies and exclusions, the novel partly debunks the consumerist rhetoric of unconstrained freedom and agency and reveals the working of unequal power relations.

Plasma polymerized bio-interface directs fibronectin adsorption and functionalization to enhance “epithelial barrier structure” formation via FN-ITG β1-FAK-mTOR signaling cascade

Chen Shoucheng,Huang Zhuwei,Visalakshan Rahul Madathiparambil,Liu Haiwen,Bachhuka Akash,Wu You,Dabare Panthihage Ruvini L.,Luo Pu,Liu Runheng,Gong Zhuohong,Xiao Yin,Vasilev Krasimir,Chen Zhuofan,Chen 한국생체재료학회 2023 생체재료학회지 Vol.27 No.00

Background: Transepithelial medical devices are increasing utilized in clinical practices. However, the damage of continuous natural epithelial barrier has become a major risk factor for the failure of epithelium-penetrating implants. How to increase the “epithelial barrier structures” (focal adhesions, hemidesmosomes, etc.) becomes one key research aim in overcoming this difficulty. Directly targeting the in situ “epithelial barrier structures” related proteins (such as fibronectin) absorption and functionalization can be a promising way to enhance interface-epithelial integration. Methods: Herein, we fabricated three plasma polymerized bio-interfaces possessing controllable surface chemistry. Their capacity to adsorb and functionalize fibronectin (FN) from serum protein was compared by Liquid Chromatography- Tandem Mass Spectrometry. The underlying mechanisms were revealed by molecular dynamics simulation. The response of gingival epithelial cells regarding the formation of epithelial barrier structures was tested. Results: Plasma polymerized surfaces successfully directed distinguished protein adsorption profiles from serum protein pool, in which plasma polymerized allylamine (ppAA) surface favored adsorbing adhesion related proteins and could promote FN absorption and functionalization via electrostatic interactions and hydrogen bonds, thus subsequently activating the ITG β1-FAK-mTOR signaling and promoting gingival epithelial cells adhesion. Conclusion: This study offers an effective perspective to overcome the current dilemma of the inferior interfaceepithelial integration by in situ protein absorption and functionalization, which may advance the development of functional transepithelial biointerfaces. Graphical Abstract: Tuning the surface chemistry by plasma polymerization can control the adsorption of fibronectin and functionalize it by exposing functional protein domains. The functionalized fibronectin can bind to human gingival epithelial cell membrane integrins to activate epithelial barrier structure related signaling pathway, which eventually enhances the formation of epithelial barrier structure.

China`s Pension Reform Process and the Future Options

( Chen Yin Hua ) 한국행정학회 2009 한국행정학회 학술발표논문집 Vol.2009 No.-

taken as soon as possible. China`s pension reform, Notional Refined-benefit, Individual Account, contribution rate, replacement rate, reform options, With the rapid demographic dynamic and economic development China have to face the old age problems. After several reform since 1986, especially the milestone reform in 1997, until now, China still apparently need reform in pension system. This paper analyzed the main problems about China`s current pension system and showed out the trade-off of different possible options. As regard to the finial selection, political and other factors will affect meantime. As the conclusion, the continuous pension reform in China should be

Gendered symbols and habitus in collective action: Street protests in Taiwan, 1997–2006

Yin-Zu Chen 이화여자대학교 아시아여성학센터 2020 Asian Journal of Women's Studies(AJWS) Vol.26 No.1

Studies on women in social movements have shown that women and men use different tactical preferences in protests. However, these are not limited to choice regarding preferential gendered symbols and artifacts; they can also be spontaneous corporeal and emotional expressions depending on contingencies of interaction during protests. To analyze the gender impact and differences in protest tactics, this study focuses on the symbols and artifacts used in protests and the gendered habitus that includes embodied behavior and emotions of protesters in varied situations. This paper examines street protests in Taiwan using audiovisual data collected from television news broadcasting between 1997 and 2006, to compare protest actions undertaken by men with those where women participants comprised the majority. This showed that gendered symbols and artifacts presented in street actions were less confrontational if they were planned beforehand. However, the embodied gender culture as habitus becomes more relevant during disruptive and high-conflict protest events. This study reveals that kneeling as a female posture was effective for avoiding conflict and gaining negotiation opportunities with authorities.

Effect of the Transformed Lactobacillus with Phytase Gene on Pig Production Performance, Nutrient Digestibility, Gut Microbes and Serum Biochemical Indexes

Yin, Q.Q.,Chang, J.,Zuo, R.Y.,Chen, L.Y.,Chen, Q.X.,Wei, X.Y.,Guan, Q.F.,Sun, J.W.,Zheng, Q.H.,Yang, X.,Ren, G.Z. Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2010 Animal Bioscience Vol.23 No.2

In order to improve the availability of phytase and probiotics together, a phytase gene from Aspergillus ficuum has been expressed in Lactobacillus. In this study, the transformed Lactobacillus with phytase gene was fed to pigs to determine its effect on pig production, feed conversion and gut microbes. Forty eight, 60-day-old, castrated pigs (Duroc${\times}$Landrace${\times}$Pietrain) were assigned to 6 groups, 8 pigs for each group. Group 1 was the control, group 2 was added with chlortetracycline (500 mg/kg), group 3 was added with the transformed Lactobacillus (500 mg/kg) with 20% (w/w) of calcium monohydrogen phosphate (CMP, $CaHPO_{4}$) removed, group 4 was added with the natural Lactobacillus (500 mg/kg) with 20% (w/w) of CMP removed, group 5 was added with the transformed Lactobacillus (500 mg/kg) with 40% (w/w) of CMP removed, group 6 was added with phytase (500 mg/kg) with 40% (w/w) of CMP removed. The results showed: i) the average daily gain (ADG) was improved in groups 2, 3 and 4 (p<0.05); ii) the diarrhea rates in the groups added with Lactobacillus were lower than in the other groups (p<0.05), in which the transformed Lactobacillus had more effect on reducing digestive disease; iii) the transformed Lactobacillus was most effective in improving the digestibilities of crude protein (CP), calcium (Ca), phosphorus (P), compared with the other groups (p<0.05); iv) Lactobacillus could increase lactic acid bacterium number and ammonia concentrations, and decrease pH values and E. coli number in pig feces (p<0.05); v) the phytase activity in the feces of pigs fed with the transformed Lactobacillus was 133.32 U/g, which was higher than in group 4 (9.58 U/g, p<0.05), and was almost the same as group 6 (135.94 U/g); vi) the transformed Lactobacillus could increase serum concentrations of IgA, triglyceride, and glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase activity (p<0.05), and had no significant effect on other serum indexes (p>0.05).

Strength and failure characteristics of the rock-coal combined body with single joint in coal

Yin, Da W.,Chen, Shao J.,Chen, Bing,Liu, Xing Q.,Ma, Hong F. Techno-Press 2018 Geomechanics & engineering Vol.15 No.5

Geological dynamic hazards during deep coal mining are caused by the failure of a composite system consisting of the rock and coal layers, whereas the joint in coal affects the stability of the composite system. In this paper, the compression test simulations for the rock-coal combined body with single joint in coal were conducted using $PFC^{2D}$ software and especially the effects of joint length and joint angle on strength and failure characteristics in a rock-coal combined body were analyzed. The joint length and joint angle exhibit a deterioration effect on the strength and affect the failure modes. The deterioration effect of joint length of L on the strength can be neglected with a tiny variation at ${\alpha}$ of $0^{\circ}$ or $90^{\circ}$ between the loading direction and joint direction. While, the deterioration effect of L on strength are relatively large at ${\alpha}$ between $30^{\circ}$ and $60^{\circ}$. And the peak stress and peak strain decrease with the increase of L. Additionally, the deterioration effect of ${\alpha}$ on the strength becomes larger with the increase of L. With the increase of ${\alpha}$, the peak stress and peak strain first decrease and then increase, presenting "V-shaped" curves. And the peak stress and peak strain at ${\alpha}$ of $45^{\circ}$ are the smallest. Moreover, the failure mainly occurs within the coal and no apparent failure is observed for rock. At ${\alpha}$ between $30^{\circ}$ and $60^{\circ}$, the secondary shear cracks generated in or close to the joint tips, cause the structural instability failure of the combined body. Therefore, their failure models present as a shear failure along partial joint plane direction and partially cutting across the coal body or a shear failure along the joint plane direction. However, at ${\alpha}$ of $60^{\circ}$ and L of 10 mm, the "V-shaped" shear cracks cutting across the coal body cause its final failure. While crack nucleations at ${\alpha}$ of $0^{\circ}$ or $90^{\circ}$ are randomly distributed in the coal, the failure mode shows a V-shaped shear failure cutting across the coal body.