Antiviral Potential of the Genus Panax: An updated review on their effects and underlying mechanism of action

Yibo Zhang,Xuanlei Zhong,Zhichao Xi,Yang Li,Hongxi Xu The Korean Society of Ginseng 2023 Journal of Ginseng Research Vol.47 No.2

Viral infections are known as one of the major factors causing death. Ginseng is a medicinal plant that demonstrated a wide range of antiviral potential, and saponins are the major bioactive ingredients in the genus Panax with vast therapeutic potential. Studies focusing on the antiviral activity of the genus Panax plant-derived agents (extracts and saponins) and their mechanisms were identified and summarized, including contributions mainly from January 2016 until January 2022. P. ginseng, P. notoginseng, and P. quinquefolius were included in the review as valuable medicinal herbs against infections with 14 types of viruses. Reports from 9 extracts and 12 bioactive saponins were included, with 6 types of protopanaxadiol (PPD) ginsenosides and 6 types of protopanaxatriol (PPT) ginsenosides. The mechanisms mainly involved the inhibition of viral attachment and replication, the modulation of immune response by regulating signaling pathways, including the Janus kinase (JAK)/signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) pathway, cystathionine γ-lyase (CSE)/hydrogen sulfide (H₂S) pathway, phosphoinositide-dependent kinase-1 (PDK1)/ protein kinase B (Akt) signaling pathway, c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK)/activator protein-1 (AP-1) pathway, and nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-κB) pathway. This review includes detailed information about the mentioned antiviral effects of the genus Panax extracts and saponins in vitro and in vivo, and in human clinical trials, which provides a scientific basis for ginseng as an adjunctive therapeutic drug or nutraceutical.

A novel reliability analysis method based on Gaussian process classification for structures with discontinuous response

Yibo Zhang,Zhili Sun,Yutao Yan,Zhenliang Yu,Jian Wang 국제구조공학회 2020 Structural Engineering and Mechanics, An Int'l Jou Vol.75 No.6

Reliability analysis techniques combining with various surrogate models have attracted increasing attention because of their accuracy and great efficiency. However, they primarily focus on the structures with continuous response, while very rare researches on the reliability analysis for structures with discontinuous response are carried out. Furthermore, existing adaptive reliability analysis methods based on importance sampling (IS) still have some intractable defects when dealing with small failure probability, and there is no related research on reliability analysis for structures involving discontinuous response and small failure probability. Therefore, this paper proposes a novel reliability analysis method called AGPC-IS for such structures, which combines adaptive Gaussian process classification (GPC) and adaptive-kernel-density-estimation-based IS. In AGPC-IS, an efficient adaptive strategy for design of experiments (DoE), taking into consideration the classification uncertainty, the sampling uniformity and the regional classification accuracy improvement, is developed with the purpose of improving the accuracy of Gaussian process classifier. The adaptive kernel density estimation is introduced for constructing the quasi-optimal density function of IS. In addition, a novel and more precise stopping criterion is also developed from the perspective of the stability of failure probability estimation. The efficiency, superiority and practicability of AGPC-IS are verified by three examples.

Effect of six carbohydrate sources on the longevity of a whitefly parasitoid Eretmocerus hayati (Hymenoptera: Aphelinidae)

Yibo Zhang,Nianwan Yang,JinjunWang,FanghaoWan 한국응용곤충학회 2014 Journal of Asia-Pacific Entomology Vol.17 No.4

Parasitoid adults often acquire carbohydrates by feeding on floral nectar and honeydew which provides themwith energy and prolongs their life span. The concentration and type of saccharide in nectar and honeydew arevariable by species of plant and insect. To explore the effects of various sugar type and concentrations on parasitoidfitness, we compared 5%, 10% and 20% (w/v) solutions of six different sugar resources (glucose, fructose,sucrose, trehalose, melezitose and honey) on the longevity of Eretmocerus hayati, a larval parasitoid of thewhiteflyBemisia tabaci in China. Male and female longevity was increased by all of the sugar diets, but female waspssurvived longer than the males when the same sugar diet was supplied. Female parasitoids feeding on 10%glucose and 10% honey increased longevity, respectively up to 6.2- and 5.9-fold longer than distil water; 5%honey and 10% fructose had the greatest effects on male longevity, up to 3.5- and 3.3-fold. All six sugar diets,no matter which concentration, significantly changed the survival curves. Glucose, sucrose and honey wereoptimal sugar diets for this wasp, and 10% was the optimal concentration. Our results could provide an insightinto the nutritional requirements of E. hayati under laboratory conditions. Such information can be a basis toimprove the longevity of this biological control agent by sugar feeding during the indoor mass-rearing process.

Research on Security Transmission of Perceptual Hash Values Based on ECC and Digital Watermarking

Zhang Qiuyu,Xing Pengfei,Liu Yangwei,Zhang Qianyun,Huang Yibo 보안공학연구지원센터 2015 International Journal of Security and Its Applicat Vol.9 No.3

In this paper, a secure method of transmitting perceptual hash is proposed based on error correcting codes (ECC) and digital watermarking, aiming at the fact that perceptual hash string used in audio authentication is easy to alter after been attacked in transmission and the need of extra channel. In this method we embed the binary perceptual hash values into the compressed audio as a digital watermark so that authentication data is dispersed. An ECC is used to pre-process perceptual hash sequence to ensure that speech signal with watermarking can be extracted watermarking information (the perceptual hash values) after been attacked. The experimental result illustrate that this method embeds information without influencing on the content. It is robust to noise and can prevent from common attack. At the same time, this method ensures the hearing transparency of audio perceptual content, the high efficiency of watermark extraction and the efficiency and security of algorithm.

A New Network Traffic Classification Method Based on Classifier Integration

Zhang Luoshi,Xue Yibo,Bao Yuanyuan 보안공학연구지원센터 2015 International Journal of Grid and Distributed Comp Vol.8 No.3

With development of scale, diversity and complexity of network traffic, the drawbacks of traditional machine learning methods on traffic classification is gradually exposed, especially the false positive problem in large-scale real network traffic classification is particularly serious. In this paper, aiming at reducing the false positive rate of network traffic classification, an effective network traffic classification method --- CMM method. CMM method contains three steps, including dividing the training set into clusters, forming sub-classifiers, and classifier integration in accordance with the principle of minimization and maximization. In this paper, we firstly demonstrate the effectiveness of this method in reducing the false positive rate. Secondly, we conduct experiments in large-scale national backbone network, such as the SSL protocol classification and experimental results verify the effectiveness of this method in large-scale the actual network traffic classification.

A novel multi-physics field optimization method for GaN HEMT circuit design

Zhang, Rui,Wang, Yibo,Xu, Honghua The Korean Institute of Power Electronics 2021 JOURNAL OF POWER ELECTRONICS Vol.21 No.3

A device modeling and topology design method suitable for high-power-density and high-temperature applicationare important to develop with the development of devices. A novel multi-physics analysis model based on GaN high electron mobility transistor (HEMT) is proposed in this paper. The coupled electromagnetic and electrothermal model for GaN HEMT is beneficial to simulate a device's external characteristic waveform affected by different stray parameters in the surrounding. In addition, the proposed method can accurately reflect the switching loss and transient switching process of GaN HEMT.

The Effectiveness Study of ML-based Methods for Protocol Identification in Different Network Environments

Zhang Luoshi,Xue Yibo,Wang Dawei 보안공학연구지원센터 2015 International Journal of Future Generation Communi Vol.8 No.2

Due to the wide use of encrypted protocols and random ports, traditional methods that based on port number or packet payload have gradually lose their effectiveness. To address this issue, new methods that based on machine learning techniques become the research hotspots. With many further studies, some research institutions show that ML-based protocol identification methods can generally achieve over 95% accuracy. However, different from most research studies, industry claims that ML-based techniques are hardly to be deployed for practical use due to their high false positives and false negatives. In this paper, different Machine Learning techniques are evaluated for the actual accuracy under different network environments, and a variety of features are tested on different encrypted protocols. The results show that the identification accuracy will go down due to the changed network scale and network environment while the same ML-based models are used under different network environments, and the choices among different Machine Learning techniques, protocol types or statistical features are not critical.

웹 기반 중문검색시스템 SEARCH2000의 설계와 구현

Du Lin,Zhang Yibo,Sun Yufang 한국어정보학회 2002 한국어정보학 Vol.5ㆍ6 No.-

Transplantation of Bone Marrow Stromal Cells Enhances Nerve Regeneration of the Corticospinal Tract and Improves Recovery of Neurological Functions in a Collagenase-Induced Rat Model of Intracerebral Hemorrhage

Hongsheng Liang,Xiangtong Zhang,Yibo Yin,Tie Lin,Dong Guan,Bowen Ma,Changyu Li,Yuehua Wang 한국분자세포생물학회 2013 Molecules and cells Vol.36 No.1

The reorganization of brain structures after intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) insult is crucial to functional outcome. Although the pattern of neuronal rewiring is well-docu-mented after ischemic stroke, the study of brain plasticity after ICH has been focusing on the enhancement of dendritic complexity. Here we hypothesized that functional restoration after ICH involves brain reorganization which may be favorably modulated by stem cell transplantation. In this study, bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs) were transplanted into the perilesional sites of collagenase-induced ICH in adult rats one day after ICH injury. Forelimb functional recovery was monitored with modified limb placing and vibrissae-elicited forelimb placement tests. Anterograde and retrograde tracing were used to assess the reorganization of bilateral forelimb areas of the sen-sorimotor cortex. We found that in rats transplanted with BMSCs after ICH injury, axonal sprouting occurred in the contralateral caudal forelimb area of the cortex, and was significantly higher than in ICH rat models that received only the vehicle (P < 0.01). The number of positive neurons in the ipsilateral rostral forelimb area of the cortex of the BMSC group was 1.5- to 4.5-fold greater than in the vehicle group (P < 0.05). No difference was found between the BMSC and vehicle groups in hemispheric atrophy or labeled neurons in the ipsilateral caudal forelimb area (P = 0.193). Scores for improved functional behavior in the BMSC group were in accord with the results from histology. Neuronal plasticity of the denervated corticospinal tract at bilateral forelimb areas of the cortex in the collagenase-induced ICH rat models was significantly enhanced by BMSC transplantation. BMSC transplantation may facilitate functional recovery after ICH injury.

The roles of interleukin-17A in risk stratification and prognosis of patients with sepsis-associated acute kidney injury

Heng Jin,Wei Wei,Yibo Zhao,Ai Ma,Keke Sun,Xiaoxi Lin,Qihui Liu,Songtao Shou,Yan Zhang 대한신장학회 2023 Kidney Research and Clinical Practice Vol.42 No.6

Background: The aim of this study was to evaluate the roles of interleukin (IL)-17A in risk stratification and prognosis of patients with sepsis-associated acute kidney injury (SAKI). Methods: We enrolled 146 sepsis patients (84 non-SAKI and 62 SAKI patients) admitted to the emergency department from November 2020 to November 2021. Patients with SAKI were differentiated based on the severity of acute kidney injury. All clinical parameters were evaluated upon admission before administering antibiotic treatment. Inflammatory cytokines were assessed using flow cytometry and the Pylon 3D automated immunoassay system (ET Healthcare). In addition, a receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was utilized to determine the prognostic values of IL-17A in SAKI. Results: The levels of creatinine, IL-2, IL-4, IL-6, IL-17A, tumor necrosis factor alpha, C-reactive protein, and procalcitonin (PCT) were significantly higher in the SAKI group than in the non-SAKI group (p < 0.05). The level of IL-17A revealed significant differences among stages 1, 2, and 3 in SAKI patients (p < 0.05). The mean levels of PCT, IL-4, and IL-17A were significantly higher in the non-survival group than in the survival group in SAKI patients (p < 0.05). In addition, the area under the ROC curve of IL-17A was 0.811. Moreover, the IL-17A cutoff for differentiating survivors from non-survivors was 4.7 pg/mL, of which the sensitivity and specificity were 77.4% and 71.0%, respectively. Conclusion: Elevated levels of IL-17A could predict that SAKI patients are significantly prone to worsening kidney injury with higher mortality. The usefulness of IL-17A in treating SAKI requires further research.