FGF21 induced by carbon monoxide mediates metabolic homeostasis <i>via</i> the PERK/ATF4 pathway

Joe, Yeonsoo,Kim, Sena,Kim, Hyo Jeong,Park, Jeongmin,Chen, Yingqing,Park, Hyeok-Jun,Jekal, Seung-Joo,Ryter, Stefan W.,Kim, Uh Hyun,Chung, Hun Taeg Federation of American Societies for Experimental 2018 The FASEB Journal Vol. No.

<P>The prevalence of metabolic diseases, including type 2 diabetes, obesity, and cardiovascular disease, has rapidly increased, yet the molecular mechanisms underlying the metabolic syndrome, a primary risk factor, remain incompletely understood. The small, gaseous molecule carbon monoxide (CO) has well-known anti-inflammatory, antiproliferative, and antiapoptotic effects in a variety of cellular- and tissue-injury models, whereas its potential effects on the complex pathways of metabolic disease remain unknown. We demonstrate here that CO can alleviate metabolic dysfunction <I>in vivo</I> and <I>in vitro</I>. We show that CO increased the expression and section of the fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21) in hepatocytes and liver. CO-stimulated PERK activation and enhanced the levels of FGF21 <I>via</I> the eIF2α–ATF4 signaling pathway. The induction of FGF21 by CO attenuated endoreticulum stress- or diet-induced, obesity-dependent hepatic steatosis. Moreover, CO inhalation lowered blood glucose levels, enhanced insulin sensitivity, and promoted energy expenditure by stimulating the emergence of beige adipose cells from white adipose cells. In conclusion, we suggest that CO acts as a potent inducer of FGF21 expression and that CO critically depends on FGF21 to regulate metabolic homeostasis.—Joe, Y., Kim, S., Kim, H. J., Park, J., Chen, Y., Park, H.-J., Jekal, S.-J., Ryter, S. W., Kim, U. H., Chung, H. T. FGF21 induced by carbon monoxide mediates metabolic homeostasis <I>via</I> the PERK/ATF4 pathway.</P>

중년 성인의 사회심리적 스트레스와 신체활동 유형과의 연관성: 지역사회 기반의 코호트 연구

Park DooYong,Park Jae-Young,Kim EunKyung,Kim YeonSoo 대한스포츠의학회 2023 대한스포츠의학회지 Vol.41 No.3

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify the associations between type of moderate-vigorous physical activities (MVPA) and psychological stress in South Korean, based on the Korean Genome and Epidemiology Study. The subjects of this study were 2,891 Korean men and women aged 40 to 69, who completed health examination from 2011 to 2012. M ethods: The type of MVPA was measured by using self-reported physical activity questionnaire. A high psychological stress was determined by scoring Psychological Well-being Index Short Form (≥27). Logistic regression analysis, adjusting other confounding factors, was conducted to identify the association of type of MVPA level with psychological stress (p<0.05). Results: Participants who leisure-related MVPA of ≥150 min/week was less likely have to high psychological stress than <150 min/week (odds ratio [OR], 0.72; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.57–0.92). From the analysis of gender, leisure-related (OR, 0.50; 95% CI, 0.35–0.72) and work-related (OR, 0.63; 95% CI, 0.41–0.97) MVPA of ≥150 min/week were associated with low psychological stress in men, but women was not significantly associated. From the analysis of age, leisure-related MVPA of ≥150 min/week were associated with low psychological stress in middle age group (OR, 0.70; 95% CI, 0.53–0.92), but elderly group was not significantly associated. Differences in psychological stress OR according to type of MVPA time were observed about classification of occupations. Conclusion: High level of leisure related physical activity were independently associated with reducing risk for psychological stress. Also, encouraged MVPA by gender, age, classification of occupations could help to improve psychological stress levels in middle-aged or older adults.

The Influence of Traditional Culture and the Interpersonal Psychological Theory on Suicide Research in Korea

Yeonsoo Park,SeungYeon Baik,HyangSook Kim,SeungHwan Lee 대한신경정신의학회 2017 PSYCHIATRY INVESTIGATION Vol.14 No.6

Korea has the highest suicide rate amongst the OECD countries. Yet, its research on suicidal behaviors has been primitive. While the Interpersonal Psychological Theory of Suicide has gained global attention, there has only been a few researches, which examined its applicability in Korea. In this article, we review the previous studies on suicide and examine the association between the Interpersonal Psychological Theory of Suicide and traditional Korean culture, with an emphasis on Collectivism and Confucianism. We propose that pathways to suicide might vary depending on cultural influences. Clinical implications and suggestions for future research will be discussed.

Designing and Building Bioparts and Devices for Constructing Multi-targeting Retron Systems

Yeonsoo PARK,Duleepa PATHIRAJA,In-Geol CHOI 한국생물공학회 2023 한국생물공학회 학술대회 Vol.2023 No.10

Frontal Alpha Asymmetry Correlates with Suicidal Behavior in Major Depressive Disorder

Yeonsoo Park,Wookyoung Jung,Sungkean Kim,Hyunjin Jeon,이승환 대한정신약물학회 2019 CLINICAL PSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY AND NEUROSCIENCE Vol.17 No.3

Objective: Based on the constant associations made between major depressive disorder (MDD) and alpha asymmetry, and MDD and suicide, this study aimed to examine the relationship between frontal alpha asymmetry and suicide in MDD patients. Methods: Sixty-six MDD patients, of whom fifteen were male and fifty-one were female, were recruited. Independent groups were created based on the median score of frontal alpha asymmetry: the left dominant (LD) group and the right dominant (RD) group. The alpha band (8‒12 Hz) and its sub-bands (i.e., low alpha band: 8‒10 Hz; high alpha band: 10‒12 Hz) were of interest. Source level alpha asymmetry was calculated as well. Results: Suicidal behavior was positively correlated with the asymmetry indices of the low alpha band and the alpha band in the LD group and that of the high alpha band in the RD group. Source level analysis revealed positive correlations between suicidal behavior and the asymmetry index of the low alpha band in the LD group. Conclusion: Frontal alpha asymmetry, especially that of the low alpha band, might reflect the cognitive deficits associated with suicidal behaviors in MDD patients.

기후변화 학술연구 협력 경향 분석 : 공동저자 네트워크 구조 및 중개자 특성 분석을 중심으로

박연수(Yeonsoo Park),박주영(Jooyoung Park),김종주(Jongjoo Kim),원유형(Yoo hyung Won) 한국기술혁신학회 2020 기술혁신학회지 Vol.23 No.1

기후변화는 현상 자체의 복잡성과 대응방안의 중요성을 고려할 때, 다양한 분야의 협력을 통한 통합적 접근이 필요한 분야이다. 본 연구에서는 기후변화 분야 학술연구에서의 협력 연구 구조와 협력 연구에서 중심적인 역할을 하는 연구자의 특징을 알아보고자 하였다. 이를 위해, 2012년부터 2016년까지 발간된 학술 문헌 자료를 바탕으로 국내 연구자 중심의 공저자 네트워크 구조를 분석하고, 공저자 네트워크 내에서 지식을 전달하는 매개 역할을 하는 중개자들의 특성을 살펴보았다. 기후변화 분야 공동저자 네트워크는 하나의 큰 컴포넌트 외에는 대부분 분절된 컴포넌트로 구성되어 있었으며, 전반적인 연결수준이 높지 않은 것으로 나타났다. 높은 매개 중심성 지수를 보이는 중개자 15명의 연구 경력과 분야를 살펴본 결과, 경력에서는 뚜렷한 경향성을 보이지 않았지만 전체 연구자에 비해 다학제 연구의 비중이 높은 것을 확인할 수 있었다. 기후변화 연구는 주로 지구과학 및 환경과학 분야를 중심으로 공동연구가 이루어졌으나, 기후변화 현상의 과학적 이해에서 나아가 다양한 산업의 기술혁신과 국제 사회의 효과적 대응을 위해서는 더욱 활발한 연구 협력과 학제간 연구가 필요할 것으로 보인다. Addressing climate change requires broad and integrated approaches from scientific understanding of the complex underlying phenomena to the policy strategies to low-carbon transformations. Accordingly, academic studies of climate change have become more collaborative and interdisciplinary. This study aims to examine the structure of scientific collaborations in climate change research and the role of “brokers“ who play central roles in collaborations. With the scholarly articles of Korean and international researchers published between 2012 and 2016, we constructed the co-authorship network and analyzed its structure, and further explored the characteristics of brokers that have high centrality in the network. The results showed that the co-authorship network of climate change research had dispersed structure of low density with many small and disconnected components. The researchers that show high betweenness centrality(“brokers“ in our study) tended to work on multidisiciplinary field, more than all the researchers in the analysis. Compared to other researchers, the brokers did not show any notable trend in terms of the years of research and the number of past and current institutions. The scholarly research in the field of climate change has focused on the fields of Earth and Planetary Science as well as Environmental Science, but more collaborations across broader disciplinary fields would be needed to effectively respond to climate change.

항공기 거리에 따른 통신 재밍 성능분석

장연수(Yeonsoo Jang),박진태(Jintae Park),박범준(Beomjun Park) 한국통신학회 2019 한국통신학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2019 No.1

바이오혁신생태계 조성방안을 위한 내용분석 연구: 홍릉강소특구와 출연연구소의 역할을 중점으로

박규홍(Kyuhong Park),김현우(Hyunwoo Kim),김태형(Taehyung Kim),구병석(Byeong-Seok Koo),박연수(Yeonsoo Park),송창현(Changhyeon Song) 한국기술혁신학회 2020 한국기술혁신학회 학술대회 발표논문집 Vol.2020 No.11

코로나19의 영향에서도 K-바이오 산업은 역대 최대 성과를 기록하였다. 하지만 한국 바이오산업의 전반적인 성적표는 투자 대비 만족스럽지 못한 실정이다. 본 논문에서는 바이오 혁신 생태계를 조성하기 위하여 필요한 요인들을 확인하기 위하여 혁신 클러스터와 바이오 산업에 관련된 문헌연구와 내용분석 방법론을 통해 혁신 생태계 조성을 위한 내용분석을 진행하였다. 이를 통해 클러스터 성장 단계에 따른 요인과 바이오 클러스터 조성조건에 따른 특징을 정리하였고, 결과를 기반으로 바이오 혁신 생태계 조성을 위한 시사점을 도출하여보았다. 시사점에서는 최근 강소특구로 선정된 홍릉 바이오 클러스터의 예를 활용하였으며, 주관 기술핵심기관인 KIST의 사례를 통해 출연연구소의 역할을 중심으로 정리하여보았다. 본 연구에서는 아직 많이 다뤄지지 않은 강소특구의 사례를 연구주제로 삼았으며, 출연연구소가 혁신 생태계 조성에 기여할 수 있는 역할에 대한 방안을 제시함에 그 의의가 있다. Even under the influence of Corona 19, the K-Bio industry recorded the highest performance ever. However, the overall performance of the Korean bio industry is not satisfactory compared to investment. In this paper, content analysis for the creation of an innovation ecosystem was conducted through literature related to innovation clusters and bio industry, in order to identify the factors necessary to create a bio-innovation ecosystem. Through this, the factors according to the cluster growth stage and characteristics according to the conditions for the creation of the bio-cluster were summarized, and the implications for the creation of a bio-innovation ecosystem were derived based on the results. For the implications, the example of the Hongreung bio-cluster, which was recently selected as the Innotown, was used, and the role of the contributed research institute was organized through the case of KIST. In this study, the case of the Innotown, which has not yet been covered much, was taken as the subject of the study, and it is meaningful to suggest a plan for the role that the contributed research institute can contribute to the creation of an innovation ecosystem.

Prevalence of Fluoroquinolone resistance and mechanisms of Escherichia coli from swine feces in South Korea

( Yoon Sung Hu ),( Yeonsoo Chung ),( Cheong Ung Kim ),( Chan Hee Lee ),( Young Kyung Park ),( Sook Shin ),( Kun Taek Park ),( Yong Ho Park ) 대한인수공통전염병학회 2016 창립총회 및 학술대회 초록집 Vol.2016 No.1

Introduction: Since the nalidixic acid, the first quinolone, was introduced in 1962 it has been using widely. Quinolone is a synthetic antimicrobial effecting on most Enterobacteriaceae at clinical use. (Fluoro) Quinolone have been extensively used in animal industry, as feed additives, as well as in veterinary and human medicine. Recently, it has been increasing the resistance against quinolone in bacteria isolated from animals. Bacteria acquire the resistance against (fluoro) quinolone by chromosomal mutations in quinolone resistance determining regions (QRDR) oracquisition of plasmidshaving quinolone resistance (PMQR) genes. In Korea, there were few papers that reported prevalence of PMQR genes but lack of study investigating the mechanisms of quinolone resistance. The aim of this study is to investigate the mechanism of fluoroquinolone resistance in E. coli isolates from swine feces. Methods: Total 237 swine fecal samples were collected. E. coli isolation and confirmation were conducted following our lab protocol. Ciprofloxacin (CIP) resistant E. coliisolates were selected by antimicrobial susceptibility test as recommended by Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI). Among CIP resistant isolates, extended-spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBLs)-producing isolates were confirmed by the double disk diffusion method which compares the diameters of inhibition zone of CTX, CTX/CL and CAZ, CAZ/CL. Minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) against nalidixic acid (NA), CIP and ofloxacin (OFL) were determined by the broth microdilution method according to CLSI recommendation. PCR and sequence analysis were performed to confirm chromosomal mutations in QRDRs including gyrA, gyrB, parC and parE genes and to detect PMQR genes including qnrA, qnrB, qnrS, and qepA genes. Results: Among 171 E. coli isolates, 59 isolates (34.5%)were resistant to CIP. These CIP resistant isolates showed a wide range of MICs against CIP from 4 μg/ml to 256 μg/ml and OFL from 8 μg/ml to 64 μg/ml. All of these CIP resistant isolates were phenotypically resistant to NA.The MICs of those resistant isolates against NA were above 1024μg/ml except for one isolate (256 μg/ml). Most isolates (57/59; 96.6%) had mutations at both codons 83 and 87 of gyrA gene. However, two isolates only had a single codon mutation at codon 83 and the other one isolate had no mutations. None of isolates harbored qnrA or qnrB gene. However, qepA andqnr Sgenes were found in 1(1/59; 1.6%) and 7 isolates(7/59; 11.9%), respectively. In addition, 11of CIP resistant isolates (18.6%) were confirmed as ESBLs-producing isolates. Conclusion: Among the 171 isolates from swine fecal samples, 59 isolates (59/171; 34.5%) had ciprofloxacin resistance which indicates a high prevalence of (fluoro) quinolone resistance in animal industry in Korea. According to previous studies, it was well known that specific amino acid substitutions in gyrA gene boost the high resistance to (fluoro) quinolone. Likewise, most of CIP resistant isolates in this study had mutants in gyrA gene. In addition 11 of those CIP resistant isolates were ESBLs-producing E.coli . ESBLs producing Enterobacteriaceaeis an increasing problem in veterinary and human medicine. Therefore, further characterization of these CIP resistant E.coli on additional (fluoro) quinolone resistant mechanisms, such as efflux pump, and the ability of ESBLs production should be informative.

Social deficits in IRSp53 mutant mice improved by NMDAR and mGluR5 suppression

Chung, Woosuk,Choi, Su Yeon,Lee, Eunee,Park, Haram,Kang, Jaeseung,Park, Hanwool,Choi, Yeonsoo,Lee, Dongsoo,Park, Sae-Geun,Kim, Ryunhee,Cho, Yi Sul,Choi, Jeonghoon,Kim, Myoung-Hwan,Lee, Jong Won,Lee, S Nature Publishing Group, a division of Macmillan P 2015 NATURE NEUROSCIENCE Vol.18 No.3

Social deficits are observed in diverse psychiatric disorders, including autism spectrum disorders and schizophrenia. We found that mice lacking the excitatory synaptic signaling scaffold IRSp53 (also known as BAIAP2) showed impaired social interaction and communication. Treatment of IRSp53<SUP>−/−</SUP> mice, which display enhanced NMDA receptor (NMDAR) function in the hippocampus, with memantine, an NMDAR antagonist, or MPEP, a metabotropic glutamate receptor 5 antagonist that indirectly inhibits NMDAR function, normalized social interaction. This social rescue was accompanied by normalization of NMDAR function and plasticity in the hippocampus and neuronal firing in the medial prefrontal cortex. These results, together with the reduced NMDAR function implicated in social impairments, suggest that deviation of NMDAR function in either direction leads to social deficits and that correcting the deviation has beneficial effects.