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Evolution of the Transient Saturated Zone and Stability Analysis of Slopes under Rainfall Conditions
Xiang Qiu,Jinhong Li,Huangbin Jiang,Jian Ou,Jiqian Ma 대한토목학회 2022 KSCE JOURNAL OF CIVIL ENGINEERING Vol.26 No.4
To study slope stability and instability modes under rainfall conditions, an improved Bishop method is proposed according to saturated-unsaturated seepage flow theory. It can simultaneously consider the depth effect of rock and soil mass shear strength parameters, transient water pressure, groundwater pressure, saturated water softening, unsaturated strength, and pore water unit weight. The variation law of the transient saturated zone, potential slip surfaces and stability coefficient under rainfall conditions are analysed with this method. The results indicate that after rainfall starts, the transient saturated zone of the slope continuously expands, and the stability coefficient gradually decreases. After rainfall stops, the transient saturated zone of the slope dissipates rapidly, and the stability coefficient continues to increase. During the early rainfall period, the slope instability mode is deep-layer integral slippage. During the later rainfall period, the slope instability mode is shallow-layer local slippage. The depth effect and unsaturated strength are beneficial to the slope stability, while the transient water pressure, saturated water softening, and pore water unit weight are not. The application of this method in engineering practice is of great significance to slope stability analysis and protection under rainfall conditions.
An Incipient On-Line Anomaly Detection Approach for the Dynamic Rolling Process
Yanjing Ou,Jinwen Hu,Xiang Li,Salah Haridy 한국정밀공학회 2014 International Journal of Precision Engineering and Vol. No.
Over the past decades, various methods have been developed to analysis and monitor the dynamic metal processes, specially theextensively used cold rolling process. However, some limitation still exists for the traditional data analysis tools to be implementedwell for these processes. For example, the performance of many of the traditional data analysis approaches cannot be guaranteedwhen the distribution assumption is violated. Meanwhile, it is still lack of systematic method to make good use of the huge conditionparameters. In this article we develop a viable on-line anomaly incipient detection technique towards the cold rolling process of steelsheets. Based on the condition-based SPC, the proposed approach can monitor the multi condition parameters as well as thecorresponding output characteristic in a real-time manner simultaneously and efficiently. It provides a framework for statisticalprocess monitoring development under such dynamic manufacturing environment in order to improve the detecting Sensitivity andSpecificity. The real data practical application verifies that this proposed approach can have an excellent performance without thenormal distribution assumption, thus it has great potential to be employed in a large application area.
Effect on Zn on Microstructures and Mechanical Properties of Mg–Gd–Y–Zn LPSO Alloys
Jonghyun Kim,Hongxin Liao,Xiang Ou,Zhaobin Zhang,Kaikai Kang,Taekyung Lee,Fusheng Pan 대한금속·재료학회 2022 METALS AND MATERIALS International Vol.28 No.11
In this study, the microstructures and mechanical properties of Mg–1Gd–1Y–xZn alloys (x = 0.2, 0.4, 0.6, and 0.8) wereinvestigated. Microstructural evolution was tracked during the process of casting, homogenization, and extrusion. Long-periodstacking-ordered (LPSO) and β phases were formed in the as-cast alloys. The volume fraction of the LPSO phase increasedwith increasing Zn content, whereas that of the β phase decreased. Although the homogenization dissolved the β phase intothe Mg matrix, there was no significant change in the volume fraction of the LPSO phases. Increasing the Zn content led toa slight reduction in grain size and a simultaneous strengthening of texture. The Mg–1Gd–1Y–0.2Zn alloy possessed a highdensity of fine LPSO phases and excellent reinforcement capacity, thereby exhibiting excellent mechanical properties atroom temperature. In addition, the low volume fraction of the LPSO phases in this alloy led to suppressed yield asymmetry.
Liao, Linda M,Friesen, Melissa C,Xiang, Yong-Bing,Cai, Hui,Koh, Dong-Hee,Ji, Bu-Tian,Yang, Gong,Li, Hong-Lan,Locke, Sarah J,Rothman, Nathaniel,Zheng, Wei,Gao, Yu-Tang,Shu, Xiao-Ou,Purdue, Mark P BMJ Publishing Group Ltd 2014 Occupational and environmental medicine Vol.71 No.suppl1
<P><B>Objectives</B></P><P>Epidemiologic studies of occupational lead exposure have suggested increased risks of cancers of the brain, kidney, lung, meninges, and stomach; however, the totality of the evidence is inconsistent. To clarify whether lead is a carcinogen, we investigated the relationship between occupational lead exposure and risks of these five cancer sites in two prospective cohort studies in Shanghai, China.</P><P><B>Method</B></P><P>Annual job/industry-specific estimates of lead fume and lead dust exposure were derived from a statistical model that combined expert ratings of lead intensity with inspection measurements collected by the Shanghai Centre for Disease Control and Prevention. The job/industry estimates were applied to the lifetime work histories of subjects from the Shanghai Women’s Health Study (73 363 participants) and the Shanghai Men’s Health Study (61 379 participants) to estimate cumulative exposure to lead dust and lead fume. Cohort-specific relative hazard rate ratios (RRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were estimated using Cox proportional hazards regression models and then pooled using a random effects meta-analysis model.</P><P><B>Results</B></P><P>We observed a statistically significant increased risk of meningioma among individuals with estimated occupational exposure to lead dust or fumes (RR=2.4, 95% CI:1.1–5.0), and in particular among those with an above-median cumulative exposure to dust or fumes (RR=3.1, 95% CI:1.3–7.4). We observed suggestive associations with lead exposure for cancers of the kidney (RR=1.4, 95% CI:0.9–2.3) and brain (RR=1.8, 95% CI:0.7–4.8), and null findings for cancers of the lung and stomach.</P><P><B>Conclusions</B></P><P>Our findings provide additional evidence that occupational lead exposure increases risk of meningioma.</P>
Investigation of the SHM-oriented model and dynamic characteristics of a super-tall building
Hai-Bei Xiong,Ji-Xing Cao,Feng-Liang Zhang,Xiang Ou,Chen-Jie Chen 국제구조공학회 2019 Smart Structures and Systems, An International Jou Vol.23 No.3
Shanghai Tower is a 632-meter super high-rise building located in an area with wind and active earthquake. A sophisticated structural health monitoring (SHM) system consisting of more than 400 sensors has been built to carry out a long-term monitoring for its operational safety. In this paper, a reduced-order model including 31 elements was generated from a full model of this super tall building. An iterative regularized matrix method was proposed to tune the system parameters, making the dynamic characteristic of the reduced-order model be consistent with those in the full model. The updating reduced-order model can be regarded as a benchmark model for further analysis. A long-term monitoring for structural dynamic characteristics of Shanghai Tower under different construction stages was also investigated. The identified results, including natural frequency and damping ratio, were discussed. Based on the data collected from the SHM system, the dynamic characteristics of the whole structure was investigated. Compared with the result of the finite element model, a good agreement can be observed. The result provides a valuable reference for examining the evolution of future dynamic characteristics of this super tall building.
Michelle L. Baglia,Yong Cui,Tao Zheng,Gong Yang,Honglan Li,Mingrong You,Liling Xu,Harvey Murff,Yu-Tang Gao,Wei Zheng,Yong-Bing Xiang,Xiao-Ou Shu 대한암학회 2019 Cancer Research and Treatment Vol.51 No.2
Purpose Studies suggest that regular use of metformin may decrease cancer mortality. We investigated the association between diabetes medication use and cancer survival. Materials and Methods The current study includes 633 breast, 890 colorectal, 824 lung, and 543 gastric cancer cases identified from participants of two population-based cohort studies in Shanghai. Information on diabetes medication use was obtained by linking to electronic medical records. The associations between diabetes medication use (metformin, sulfonylureas, and insulin) and overall and cancer-specific survival were evaluated using time-dependent Cox proportional hazards models. Results After adjustment for clinical characteristics and treatment factors, use of metformin was associated with better overall survival among colorectal cancer patients (hazards ratio [HR], 0.55; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.34 to 0.88) and for all four types of cancer combined (HR, 0.75; 95% CI, 0.57 to 0.98). Ever use of insulin was associated with worse survival for all cancer types combined (HR, 1.89; 95% CI, 1.57 to 2.29) and for the four cancer types individually. Similar associations were seen for diabetic patients. Sulfonylureas use was associated with worse overall survival for breast or gastric cancer (HR, 2.87; 95% CI, 1.22 to 6.80 and HR, 2.05; 95% CI, 1.09 to 3.84, respectively) among diabetic patients. Similar association patterns were observed between diabetes medication use and cancer-specific survival. Conclusion Metformin was associated with improved survival among colorectal cancer cases, while insulin use was associated with worse survival among patients of four major cancers. Further investigation on the topic is needed given the potential translational impact of these findings.
Chen, Yu,Wu, Fen,Saito, Eiko,Lin, Yingsong,Song, Minkyo,Luu, Hung N.,Gupta, Prakash C.,Sawada, Norie,Tamakoshi, Akiko,Shu, Xiao-Ou,Koh, Woon-Puay,Xiang, Yong-Bing,Tomata, Yasutake,Sugiyama, Kemmyo,Par Springer-Verlag 2017 Diabetologia Vol.60 No.6
<P>Diabetes was associated with a 26% increased risk of death from any cancer in Asians. The pattern of associations with specific cancers suggests the need for better control (prevention, detection, management) of the growing epidemic of diabetes (as well as obesity), in order to reduce cancer mortality.</P>