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Venkata Subramanian Krishnaraju,Kumar Rajender,Sood Ashwani,Jaya Shukla,Karthikeyan Subramanian,Nandita Kakkar,Naresh Panda,Mittal Bhagwant Rai 대한핵의학회 2021 핵의학 분자영상 Vol.55 No.3
Chondrosarcoma is a cartilaginous tumor of mesenchymal origin. The histology and grade of the tumor determine the chances of relapse and survival. These tumors usually respond poorly to chemo-radiotherapy in cases of non-resectable and recurrent disease. 18F-FDG PET/CT has been used in evaluation of recurrence. However, these tumors show only mild to moderate FDG avidity due to their lower mitotic activity and large acellular matrix. These tumors are known to have a high degree of angiogenesis, especially in those of higher grade. We present a case of a 53-year-old man with grade II chondrosarcoma of the left femur showing only mild avidity on 18F-FDG PET/CT but showing moderate to intense tracer avidity on 68Ga-DOTA-RGD2 PET/CT. This may enable the use of angiogenesis-targeted positron and beta-emitting radiopharmaceuticals as a potentially new theranostic alternative treatment in cases of refractory metastatic chondrosarcoma.
Stage-Wise Identification and Analysis of miRNA from Root-Knot Nematode <i>Meloidogyne incognita</i>
Subramanian, Parthiban,Choi, In-Chan,Mani, Vimalraj,Park, Junhyung,Subramaniyam, Sathiyamoorthy,Choi, Kang-Hyun,Sim, Joon-Soo,Lee, Chang-Muk,Koo, Ja Choon,Hahn, Bum-Soo MDPI AG 2016 INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES Vol.17 No.10
<P>In this study, we investigated global changes in miRNAs of <I>Meloidogyne incognita</I> throughout its life cycle. Small RNA sequencing resulted in approximately 62, 38, 38, 35, and 39 Mb reads in the egg, J2, J3, J4, and female stages, respectively. Overall, we identified 2724 known and 383 novel miRNAs (read count > 10) from all stages, of which 169 known and 13 novel miRNA were common to all the five stages. Among the stage-specific miRNAs, miR-286 was highly expressed in eggs, miR-2401 in J2, miR-8 and miR-187 in J3, miR-6736 in J4, and miR-17 in the female stages. These miRNAs are reported to be involved in embryo and neural development, muscular function, and control of apoptosis. Cluster analysis indicated the presence of 91 miRNA clusters, of which 36 clusters were novel and identified in this study. Comparison of miRNA families with other nematodes showed 17 families to be commonly absent in animal parasitic nematodes and <I>M. incognita</I>. Validation of 43 predicted common and stage-specific miRNA by quantitative PCR (qPCR) indicated their expression in the nematode. Stage-wise exploration of <I>M. incognita</I> miRNAs has not been carried out before and this work presents information on common and stage-specific miRNAs of the root-knot nematode.</P>
Subramanian, Yuvaraj,Veerasubramani, Ganesh Kumar,Park, Myung-Soo,Kim, Dong-Won The Electrochemical Society 2019 Journal of the Electrochemical Society Vol.166 No.4
<P>We synthesized a layer structured NbSe<SUB>2</SUB> material through gas-phase solid state reaction, and its electrochemical performance was examined as an intercalation anode for sodium-ion hybrid capacitor. The NbSe<SUB>2</SUB> electrode showed a reversible capacity of 142.5 mAh g<SUP>−1</SUP> at 200 mA g<SUP>−1</SUP> over 100 cycles with good capacity retention of 94.0%, and it delivered a high discharge capacity of 100.7 mAh at 1000 mA g<SUP>−1</SUP>. The surface capacitive process mainly contributed to the charge storage in the NbSe<SUB>2</SUB> electrode. Its superior electrochemical performance arose from the layered structure of NbSe<SUB>2</SUB> that offered the easy pathway for sodium ion diffusion and accommodated the volume strain during sodiation/de-sodiation processes. The sodium-ion hybrid capacitor assembled with NbSe<SUB>2</SUB> anode and activated carbon cathode exhibited a high power density of 599.6 W kg<SUP>−1</SUP> at energy density of 17.3 Wh kg<SUP>−1</SUP> with good capacity retention of 93.2% at 300 mA g<SUP>−1</SUP> after 3000 cycles. Our results demonstrate that the NbSe<SUB>2</SUB> can be a promising anode material for sodium-ion hybrid capacitor.</P>
Subramanian Kalyanaraman,Rajapandi Vettumperumal,Rajalingam Thangavel 한국물리학회 2013 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.62 No.5
Undoped and lithium-doped zinc oxide (ZnO) thin films have been deposited on sapphire substrates (0001) using the sol-gel method. The effect of doping with various percentages of Li ata particular annealing temperature of 600 ℃ is studied. The samples are characterized using Xray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), micro-photoluminescence (μ-PL) and Raman and polarized Raman (PR) spectroscopy. The X-ray diffraction and micro-Raman spectroscopy confirm the presence of lithium substitution for zinc. The wurtzite structure of the lattice is retained, and five multiple phonon Raman modes are observed. The values of the depolarization ratios are calculated from polarized Raman data. Photoluminescence shows a strong emission peak in the near UV at 3.276 eV and negligible visible emission. The PL peak positions in the doped samples nearly coincide with each other, suggesting very similar recombination mechanisms in the nanocrystals.
Subramanian, Arunprabaharan,Annamalai, Alagappan,Lee, Hyun Hwi,Choi, Sun Hee,Ryu, Jungho,Park, Jung Hee,Jang, Jum Suk American Chemical Society 2016 ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES Vol.8 No.30
<P>Herein we report the influence of a ZrO2 underlayer on the PEC (photoelectrochemical) behavior of hematite nanorod photoanodes for efficient solar water splitting. Particular attention was given to the cathodic shift in onset potential and photocurrent enhancement. Akaganite (beta-FeOOH) nanorods were grown on ZrO2-coated FTO (fluorine-doped tin oxide) substrates. Sintering at 800 degrees C transformed akaganite to the hematite (alpha-Fe2O3) phase and induced Sn diffusion into the crystal structure of hematite nanorods from the FTO substrates and surface migration, shallow doping of Zr atoms from the ZrO2 underlayer. The ZrO2 underlayer-treated photoanode showed better water oxidation performance compared to the pristine (alpha-Fe2O3) photoanode. A cathodic shift in the onset potential and photocurrent enhancement was achieved by surface passivation and shallow doping of Zr from the ZrO2 underlayer, along with Sn doping from the FTO substrate to the crystal lattice of hematite nanorods. The Zr based hematite nanorod photoanode achieved 1 mA/cm(2) at 1.23 V-RHE with a low turn-on voltage of 0.80 V-RHE. Sn doping and Zr passivation, as well as shallow doping, were confirmed by XPS, I-ph, and M-S plot analyses. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy revealed that the presence of a ZrO2 underlayer decreased the deformation of FTO substrate, improved electron transfer at the hematite/FTO interface and increased charge-transfer resistance at the electrolyte/hematite interface. This is the first systematic investigation of the effects of Zr passivation, shallow doping, and Sn doping on hematite nanorod photoanodes through application of a ZrO2 underlayer on the FTO substrate.</P>
Subramanian, Vijayanand,Jeong, Dae-Woon,Han, Won-Bi,Jang, Won-Jun,Shim, Jae-Oh,Bae, Jong Wook,Roh, Hyun-Seog The Royal Society of Chemistry 2014 NEW JOURNAL OF CHEMISTRY Vol.38 No.10
<P>A rapid one step direct synthesis of high temperature water gas shift (HT-WGS) catalysts, magnetite incorporated with various promoters like Cu, Ni, Zn, and Co, has been shown. The key achievements in this work, in terms of catalyst preparation, are as follows: (1) direct synthesis of magnetite, a catalytically active phase in HT-WGS reaction, (2) easy incorporation of various transition metal promoters like Cu, Ni, Zn, and Co, (3) rapid preparation without any washing step by using an ample amount of solvent, and (4) a simplified procedure by avoiding longer digestion time and any specific pH value. To achieve this, an amino acid, glycine, was used as a complexing agent as well as a fuel for the auto-combustion process. The zwitterionic nature of glycine favors the easy incorporation of the promoter metal ions. In addition, the reducing atmosphere created by glycine during its burning makes it possible to prepare magnetite directly. During the HT-WGS reaction, the activity follows the order Cu-FAG > Ni-FAG > Zn-FAG > Co-FAG. The optimization of the Cu promoter is also carried out. At 12.5 mol% of Cu loading the catalytic activity reached a CO conversion value of 87% at 400 °C.</P> <P>Graphic Abstract</P><P>A rapid, simple, facile, and cost effective synthetic methodology was proposed for the direct synthesis of magnetite catalysts for high temperature water gas shift reaction. <IMG SRC='http://pubs.rsc.org/services/images/RSCpubs.ePlatform.Service.FreeContent.ImageService.svc/ImageService/image/GA?id=c4nj00854e'> </P>
Subramanian Gopalakannan,Thiagarajan Senthilvelan 대한기계학회 2014 JOURNAL OF MECHANICAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY Vol.28 No.3
A novel aluminium metal matrix composite reinforced with SiC particles were prepared by liquid metallurgy route. Recent developmentsin composites are not only focused on the improvement of mechanical properties, but also on machinability for difficult-tomachineshapes. Electrical discharge machining (EDM) was employed to machine MMC with copper electrode. using EDM. Experimentswere conducted using pulse current, gap voltage, pulse on time and pulse off time as typical process parameters. The experimentplan adopts face centered central composite design of response surface methodology. Analysis of variance was applied to investigate theinfluence of process parameters and their interactions viz., pulse current, gap voltage, pulse on time and pulse off time on material removalrate (MRR), electrode wear ratio (EWR) and surface roughness (SR). The objective was to identify the significant process parametersthat affect the output characteristics. Further a mathematical model has been formulated by applying response surface method inorder to estimate the machining characteristics such as MRR, EWR and SR.
Highly Efficient Catalytic Cyclic Carbonate Formation by Pyridyl Salicylimines
Subramanian, Saravanan,Park, Joonho,Byun, Jeehye,Jung, Yousung,Yavuz, Cafer T. American Chemical Society 2018 ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES Vol.10 No.11
<P>Cyclic carbonates as industrial commodities offer a viable nonredox carbon dioxide fixation, and suitable heterogeneous catalysts are vital for their widespread implementation. Here, we report a highly efficient heterogeneous catalyst for CO<SUB>2</SUB> addition to epoxides based on a newly identified active catalytic pocket consisting of pyridine, imine, and phenol moieties. The polymeric, metal-free catalyst derived from this active site converts less-reactive styrene oxide under atmospheric pressure in quantitative yield and selectivity to the corresponding carbonate. The catalyst does not need additives, solvents, metals, or co-catalysts, can be reused at least 10 cycles without the loss of activity, and scaled up easily to a kilogram scale. Density functional theory calculations reveal that the nucleophilicity of pyridine base gets stronger due to the conjugated imines and H-bonding from phenol accelerates the reaction forward by stabilizing the intermediate.</P> [FIG OMISSION]</BR>