재조합 BMP-7 유전자가 전달된 HEK 293 세포에 의한 누드 마우스에서의 뼈형성

정수연,장원태,장연실,안면환,김재룡,송인환 영남대학교 의과대학 2003 Yeungnam University Journal of Medicine Vol.20 No.2

To induce bone formation at ectopic site by tissue engineering and gene therapy, we transplanted collagen sponges containing rhBMP-7 transduced HEK 293 cells in the hypodermis of nude mice. Bone formation was investigated by histological and electron microscopic method at 3, 6, and 9 weeks after transplantation. At 9 weeks after transplantation, eosinophilic bony tissue was observed in the implanted collagen sponge and was confirmed as bone tissue by Von Kossa stain. In the transmission electron microscopic observation, the cells in newly formed bone tissue had eccentrically located nucleus and well developed rough endoplasmic reticulum (rER). Therefore, the cells were evaluated as osteoblasts. Those results suggest that it is possible to form a bone tissue in the ectopic site by transplantation of rhBMP-7 transduced HEK 293 cells. This will be contributed to push more advanced gene therapy for bone formation. However, the HEK 293 cell is unable to apply to the clinical gene therapy. Therefore it is worth to find more compatible cells for clinical application. In addition, collagen sponge is considered as an excellent scaffold and/or carrier for gene therapy and a good biomaterial for tissue engineering.

<디자인과 마케팅>융합을 통한 출판사 협동조합 'POOM' 개발 -그래픽 디자인, 제품 디자인, 공간 디자인을 중심으로-

주서역,오연수,유로운,이진민,장미정,전찬희,정인희 숙명여자대학교 디자인연구소 2017 숙명디자인학 연구 Vol.23 No.-

본 연구는 한국인의 독서 장려와 보다 효율적인 독서문화 전하를 위해 출판협동조합 브랜드 'POOM'을 개발하는 일련의 과정들을 밝히는데 그 목적이 있다. 연구의 대상은 2016년 3-6월 15주간 숙명여대 환경디자인학과 <브랜드스페이스마케팅> 수업에서 진행도니 수업의 결과물로써 4개 팀 중 1개 팀의 작업물을 정리한 것이다. 연구 범위는 4개의 주제 중 물의 'product'로 한정하였다. 연구 결과, '늘 내 품에 지닐 수 있는 책' 이라는 상징 개념으로 '품(POOM)'이라고 브랜드 네이밍하였다. 그래픽 디자인은 심플함과 속도감을 나타내는 레드 컬러로 얇은 책을 형상화한 형태를 로고에 적용, 제품 디장니은 휴대하기 편한 패키지디자인 개발, 공간디자인은 지하철 2,3,9호선으로 선정하고 각 호선의 특성을 기반으로 브랜드 컬러로 하여, 각 호선에 맞는 공간과 경유하는 지역의 특성을 통합적으로 브랜딩 하였다. 끝으로 본 연구는 출판협동조합의 아이덴티티를 개발함에 있어서 디자인과 마케팅을 융합하여 좀 더 체계화된 GI, PI, SI의 통합 브랜드 메뉴얼을 만드는 것에 의의가 있으며, 향후 협동조합의 통합 브랜드 디자인 개발에 있어서 그 자료로 활용될 것으로 기대한다.

지구온난화에 따른 증발-강수 재순환 비율의 변화

김맹기,고수미,남궁지연 公州大學校 基礎科學硏究所 1999 自然科學硏究 Vol.8 No.-

이 연구에서는 기후모델의 수치적분자료를 재순환 모델에 적용하여 지구온난화가 대륙의 증발-강수 재순환 비율에 미치는 영향을 정량적으로 평가하였다. 규준실험에서 나타난 증발-강수 재순환 비율은 지역과 계절에 관계없이 30%를 넘는 경우는 발견되지 않았으며, 저위도 보다는 중위도 지역에서 재순환 비율의 계절변동이 크게 나타났다. 지구온난화에 수반된 재순환 비율은 규준실험에서 나타난 비율에 비해 대체로 감소하는 것으로 나타났다. 이는 대륙 강수량이 지면 증발에 의한 영향보다는 영역 밖의 해양에서 제공된 수증기가 대륙으로 수송되어 미치는 영향이 더 중가한다는 것을 의미한다. 다만 중위도 봄철에는 지면 증발에 의한 영향이 재순환 비율의 증가에 상당부분 기여하는 것으로 평가되는데, 이는 지구온난화에 따른 봄철의 눈녹음이 강화되어 토양수분을 증가시키는 현상과 밀접하게 관련되어 있었다. Based on the evaporation-precipitation recycling model, the recycling ratio was evaluated using the data obtained from 3 type simulations of climate model. The degree to which regional precipitation is supplied by recycled surface evaporation is about 30% below, and have more significant seasonal cycle in mid-latitude than in low-latitude, in control experiments. The recycling ratio due to global warning is reduced for all month, indicating that the contribution of surface evaporation to regional precipitation is smaller than that of evaporation in upstream ocean. But, in mid-latitude spring, the contribution of surface evaporation to regional precipitation was enhanced snow melting associated with global warming.

FEM을 이용한 GMA 용접공정의 비드형상 모델링

박창언,김일수,장영호,정영재,손준식,배수연 木浦大學校 工業技術硏究所 1997 工業技術硏究誌 Vol.7 No.-

Over the last few year, there has been a growing interest in quantitative representation of heat transfer phenomena in weld pools in order to relate the processing conditions to the quality of the weldment produced and to use this information for the optimisation and robotization of the welding process. Normally, a theoretical model offers a powerful alternative to check out the physical concepts of the welding process and to calculate the effects of varying any of parameters. To solve this problem, a transient 2D(two-dimensional) heat conduction model were developed for determining weld bead geometry and temperature distribution for the GMA welding process. The equation was solved using a general thermofluid-mechanics computer program, PHOENICS code, which is based on the SIMPLE algorithm. The simulation results showed that the calculated bead geometry from the developed model reasonablely agrees with the experiment results.

Prevalence of chronic kidney disease defined by using CKD-EPI equation and albumin-to-creatinine ratio in the Korean adult population

( Yon Su Kim ),( Eunhee Ji ) 대한내과학회 2016 The Korean Journal of Internal Medicine Vol.31 No.6

Background/Aims: An updated chronic kidney disease (CKD) definition and classification were proposed by Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO), with adoption of a new equation to estimate glomerular filtration rate (GFR) and albuminuria to evaluate kidney structural damage. This study was performed to estimate the prevalence of CKD in the Korean adult population as defined and classified by the KDIGO guidelines. Methods: Cross-sectional samples of the fifth Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey for 2011 to 2012 were examined for adults aged ≥ 19 years. CKD prevalence was determined based on decreased GFR and albuminuria. The GFR was estimated using the CKD Epidemiology Collaboration creatinine equation, and albuminuria was evaluated using the albumin-to-creatinine ratio (ACR) in spot urine. Results: Of the 16,576 subjects participating in the survey, 10,636 (4,758 men, 5,878 women) were included in the present study. The prevalence of CKD was estimated as 7.9% (7.8% in 2011 and 8.0% in 2012, p = 0.770). The prevalence of low, moderately increased, high, and very high CKD risk prognosis was 92.0%, 6.3%, 1.1%, and 0.6%, respectively. The prevalence of albuminuria (ACR ≥ 30 mg/g) in individuals with GFR ≥ 60 mL/min/1.73 m² has reached 5.7%. The odds ratios of hypertension and diabetes to CKD were 3.4 and 3.1 in men, and 2.9 and 2.0 in women (all p < 0.001), respectively. Conclusions: A large percentage of CKD patients had albuminuria prior to a decrease in GFR. Regular laboratory tests for albuminuria for the high-risk group, and especially for hypertensive or diabetic patients, might improve detection of CKD at an early stage.

Isolation and differentiation of oval cells from preneoplastic liver of hamsters uninfected and infected with Clonorchis sinensis

Su-Yon Jeong,Byung-Il Yoon,Jeong-Rae Kim,Jae-Hyun Lee,Dae-Yong Kim 한국보건교육건강증진학회 1998 한국보건교육·건강증진학회 학술대회 발표논문집 Vol.- No.-

Editorial : Hidden pathology of kidney disease after liver transplantation

( Yon Su Kim ) 대한신장학회 2013 Kidney Research and Clinical Practice Vol.32 No.4

Liver transplantation is the definite modality for the treatment of end-stage liver disease. Although the surgical approaches have substantially increased the success rate of liver transplantation, there are still a number of obstacles to encounter after liver transplantation. One of them is kidney disease. According to previous reports, liver transplant recipients have a high rate of kidney disease, reaching 80% [1]. The major renal presentation includes acute kidney injury (AKI) and chronic kidney disease (CKD), and both AKI and CKD in liver transplant recipients may lead to end-stage renal disease and increase the risk of cardiovascular disease and mortality. The occurrence of AKI and CKD has remained relatively unchanged despite increased awareness of kidney problems after liver transplantation. Perioperative problems can affect kidney function in liver transplant recipients. Among them, renal hemodynamic issues are frequently observed during the early period of liver transplantation: surgery-related events, blood losses, hypotension, sepsis, cardiac dysfunction, and volume depletion [2]. It is well known that a decrease in mean arterial pressure (approximatelyo 70mmHg) may induce kidney damage. Accordingly, keeping postoperative fluid balance through adequate fluid resuscitation is an important measure for a better early outcome. These hemodynamic issues can be reviewed from the medical records. It was previously reported that most cases of CKD following liver transplantation were attributable to nephrotoxicity induced by calcineurin inhibitors (CNIs) [3]. CNIs including tacrolimus and cyclosporine may produce afferent and efferent arteriolar vasoconstriction in the kidney, although they have a great effect on graft survival. Alternative immunosuppressive regimens have emerged: mycophenolate mofetil and inhibitors of mammalian target of rapamycin. However, there is insufficient evidence that better or comparable outcomes are achieved by these alternative regimens compared to CNI regimens [4,5]. Accordingly, CNI is currently the backbone of immunosuppressive regimens following liver transplantation. Also, CNI-induced nephrotoxicity should always be considered in the clinical settings where liver transplant recipients have a decreased kidney function. In the current issue of Kidney Research and Clinical Practice, Lee at al investigated histological findings of the kidney from 10 liver transplant recipients with decreased kidney function [9]. The most common diagnosis was glomerulonephritis (GN) such as immunoglobulin A nephropathy (n¼4), mesangial proliferative GN (n¼1), focal proliferative GN (n¼1), and membranous GN (n¼1). Typical CNI-induced nephrotoxicity was diagnosed in three cases. All of the patients had received CNI regimens. Although the sample size was small, this study presented some clinical implications. First, the proportion of patients with CNI-induced nephrotoxicity was modest. Rather, GN was the most prevalent cause of kidney disease in that study subset. This finding is not different from the results of other study groups [6-8], in which histology was not limited to CNIinduced nephrotoxicity. The GN may have resulted from the progression of pre-existing GN or new development after liver transplantation. Although the origin of GN is not fully established by these studies, it is important that the management of GN is significantly different from that of CNI-induced nephrotoxicity. In this regard, kidney biopsy may be considered as essential to differentiate the causes of kidney disease in liver transplant recipients. Fortunately, there were no complications after kidney biopsy, although selection bias for indication is unavoidable. As stated above, a kidney biopsy can reveal a hidden pathology or cause of kidney disease following liver transplantation. However, a kidney biopsy is not essential in all the cases with decreased kidney function because there is no evidence that a kidney biopsy improves the kidney or patient outcomes in liver transplant recipients. Additionally, a successful kidney biopsy, which means that biopsy specimen is properly reviewed and there are no significant complications, cannot be done properly without an experienced practitioner. In summary, recent studies including the cases described by Lee et al [9] suggest that we need to find causes other than CNIinduced nephrotoxicity in liver transplant recipients with kidney disease. Although some issues hamper the use of a kidney biopsy in routine clinical practice, kidney biopsies for selected patients are required to diagnose and manage the underlying kidney disease properly. Furthermore, kidney biopsies in some patients are warranted to predict the prognosis because liver transplant recipients with kidney disease could have a worse outcome. For these reasons, future studies should address and determine the indication for kidney biopsy in liver transplant recipients.

Diversity of English composition of 6th grade primary school students in Korea

Su Yon Yim 한국초등영어교육학회 2008 초등영어교육 Vol.14 No.1

  This paper aims to explore the diversity of writing performance among thirty four Korean sixth grade primary school students, by analysing their composition of stories. The data was collected from a single class in southern Seoul; first, a questionnaire was conducted, in order to increase understanding of the research context, and then students were given forty minutes to write a story based on six pictures. The data was analysed quantitatively as well as qualitatively. In the quantitative analysis, fluency and complexity were measured; for fluency, the total number of words and sentences were counted, and, for complexity, the syntactical characteristics were discussed. In the qualitative analysis, accuracy, approaches to writing, and support from L1 were discussed; accuracy was examined in terms of the types of errors the participants made in their writing. Analysis of students" writing shows that students are varied in terms of fluency, complexity, accuracy, approaches to writing, and support from L1. This suggests that we need to find ways to address this variation of ability in the English classroom.

Competency

Su Yon Yim 한국영어교육학회 2019 KATE Forum Vol.43 No.1

Open the black box; is urine valuable for screening BK virus-associated nephropathy?

( Yon Su Kim ) 대한신장학회 2016 Kidney Research and Clinical Practice Vol.35 No.3