http://chineseinput.net/에서 pinyin(병음)방식으로 중국어를 변환할 수 있습니다.
변환된 중국어를 복사하여 사용하시면 됩니다.
Scott Weerasuriya,Savvas Vlachos,Ahmed Bobo,Namitha Birur Jayaprabhu,Lauren Matthews,Adam R Blackstock,Victoria Metaxa 대한중환자의학회 2023 Acute and Critical Care Vol.38 No.1
Background It can be challenging for clinicians to predict which patients with respiratory failure secondary to coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) will fail on high-flow nasal cannula (HFNC) oxygen and require escalation of therapy. This study set out to evaluate the association between the respiratory rate-oxygenation index (ROX) and HFNC failure in such patients and to assess whether ROX trajectory correlates with treatment failure. Methods This was a single-centre, retrospective, observational study of patients with COVID-19 requiring HFNC, conducted over a 3-month period. ROX was calculated as "pulse-oximetry oxygen saturation (SpO2) over the fractional inspired oxygen concentration (FiO2)/respiratory rate" for each patient at 2, 4, and 12 hours from starting HFNC. HFNC failure was defined as escalation to continuous positive airway pressure ventilation or invasive mechanical ventilation (IMV). Time-to-event analyses were performed to account for the longitudinal data set and time-dependent variables. Results We included 146 patients. Ninety-three (63.7%) experienced HFNC failure, with 53 (36.3%) requiring IMV. Higher ROX values were associated with a lower subhazard of HFNC failure on time-to-HFNC failure analysis (subhazard ratio, 0.29; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.18–0.46; P<0.001). This remained true after controlling for informative censoring. Median ROX values changed differentially over time, increasing in the HFNC success group (0.06 per hour; 95% CI, 0.05–0.08; P<0.001) but not in the HFNC failure group (0.004 per hour; 95% CI, –0.05 to 0.08; P=0.890). Conclusions A higher ROX is associated with a lower risk of HFNC failure. Monitoring ROX trajectory over time may help identify patients at risk of treatment failure. This has potential clinical applications; however, future prospective studies are required.
Sills, E. Scott,Obregon-Tito, Alexandra J.,Gao, Harry,McWilliams, Thomas K.,Gordon, Anthony T.,Adams, Catharine A.,Slim, Rima The Korean Society for Reproductive Medicine 2017 Clinical and Experimental Reproductive Medicine Vol.44 No.1
Objective: To describe in vitro development of human embryos derived from an individual with a homozygous pathogenic variant in NLRP7 (19q13.42) and recurrent hydatidiform mole (HM), an autosomal recessive condition thought to occur secondary to an oocyte defect. Methods: A patient with five consecutive HM pregnancies was genomically evaluated via next generation sequencing followed by controlled ovarian hyperstimulation, in vitro fertilization (IVF) with intracytoplasmic sperm injection, embryo culture, and preimplantation genetic screening. Findings in NLRP7 were recorded and embryo culture and biopsy data were tabulated as a function of parental origin for any identified ploidy error. Results: The patient was found to have a pathogenic variant in NLRP7 (c.2810+2T>G) in a homozygous state. Fifteen oocytes were retrieved and 10 embryos were available after fertilization via intracytoplasmic sperm injection. Developmental arrest was noted for all 10 embryos after 144 hours in culture, thus no transfer was possible. These non-viable embryos were evaluated by karyomapping and all were diploid biparental; two were euploid and eight had various aneuploidies all of maternal origin. Conclusion: This is the first report of early human embryo development from a patient with any NLRP7 mutation. The pathogenic variant identified here resulted in global developmental arrest at or before blastocyst stage. Standard IVF should therefore be discouraged for such patients, who instead need to consider oocyte (or embryo) donation with IVF as preferred clinical methods to treat infertility.
Crack detection technique for operating wind turbine blades using Vibro-Acoustic Modulation
Kim, Sungmin,Adams, Douglas E,Sohn, Hoon,Rodriguez-Rivera, Gustavo,Myrent, Noah,Bond, Ray,Vitek, Jan,Carr, Scott,Grama, Ananth,Meyer, Janette Jaques SAGE Publications 2014 Structural health monitoring Vol.13 No.6
<P>This article presents a new technique for identifying cracks in wind turbine blades undergoing operational loads using the Vibro-Acoustic Modulation technique. Vibro-Acoustic Modulation utilizes a low-frequency pumping excitation signal in conjunction with a high-frequency probing excitation signal to create the modulation that is used to identify cracks. Wind turbines provide the ideal conditions in which Vibro-Acoustic Modulation can be utilized because wind turbines experience large low-frequency structural vibrations during operation which can serve as the low-frequency pumping excitation signal. In this article, the theory for the vibro-acoustic technique is described, and the proposed crack detection technique is demonstrated with Vibro-Acoustic Modulation experiments performed on a small Whisper 100 wind turbine in operation. The experimental results are also compared with two other conventional vibro-acoustic techniques in order to validate the new technique. Finally, a computational study is demonstrated for choosing a proper probing signal with a finite element model of the cracked blade to maximize the sensitivity of the technique for detecting cracks.</P>
Astrocyte lesions in cerebral cortex and cerebellum of dogs with congenital ortosystemic shunting
Alun Williams,Adam Gow,Scott Kilpatrick,Mickey Tivers,Vicky Lipscomb,Ken Smith,Michael Oliver Day,Nick Jeffery,Richard John Mellanby 대한수의학회 2020 Journal of Veterinary Science Vol.21 No.3
Background: Congenital portosystemic shunt (cPSS) is one of the most common congenital disorders diagnosed in dogs. Hepatic encephalopathy (HE) is a frequent complication in dogs with a cPSS and is a major cause of morbidity and mortality. Despite HE been a major cause of morbidity in dogs with a cPSS, little is known about the cellular changes that occur in the central nervous system of dogs with a cPSS. Objectives: The objective of this study was to characterise the histological changes in the cerebral cortex and cerebellum of dogs with cPSS with particular emphasis on astrocyte morphology. Methods: Eight dogs with a confirmed cPSS were included in the study. Results: Six dogs had substantial numbers of Alzheimer type II astrocytes and all cases had increased immunoreactivity for glial fibrillary acidic protein in the cerebral cortex, even if there were minimal other morphological changes. Conclusions: This study demonstrates that dogs with a cPSS have marked cellular changes in the cerebral cortex and cerebellum. The cellular changes that occur in the cerebral cortex and cerebellum of dogs with spontaneously arising HE are similar to changes which occur in humans with HE, further validating dogs with a cPSS as a good model for human HE.
Kim, Eunjoon,Naisbitt, Scott,Hsueh, Yi-Ping,Rao, Anuradha,Rothschild, Adam,Graig, Ann Marie,Sheng, Morgan 부산대학교 유전공학연구소 1997 분자생물학 연구보 Vol.13 No.-
The molecular mechanisms underlying the organization of ion channels and signsling molecules at the synaptic junction are largely unknown. Recently, members of the PSD-95/SAP90 family of synaptic MAGUK(menbrane-acssociated guanylate kinase) proteins have been shown to interact. via their NH_2-terminal PDZ domains, with certain ion channels(NMDA receptors and K^+channels). thereby promoting the clustering of these proteins. Although the function of the NH_2-terminal PDZ domains in relatively well characterized, the function of the Src homology 3(SH3) domain and the guanylate kinase-like(GK)domain in the COOH-terminal half of PSD-95 has remained obscure. WE now repoet the isolation of a novel synaptic protein. termed GKAP for guanylate kinase-associated protein. that binds directly to the GK domain of the known members of the mammalian PSD-95 family. GKAP shows a unique domain structure and appear to be a major constituent of the postsynaptic density. GKAP colocalizes and coimmunoprecipitates with PSD-95 in vivo,and colusters with PSD-95 and K^+ channels/parent lack of guanylate kinase enzymatic activity, the fact that the GK domain can as a site for protein-protein interaction has implications for the function of diverse GK-containing proteins(such as p55,ZO-1,and LIN-2/CASK).
Advanced Design, Fabrication, and Applications of 3D-Printable Piezoelectric Nanogenerators
M. A. Parvez Mahmud,Partho Adhikary,Ali Zolfagharian,Scott Adams,Akif Kaynak,Abbas Z. Kouzani 대한금속·재료학회 2022 ELECTRONIC MATERIALS LETTERS Vol.18 No.2
Piezoelectric nanogenerator (PENG) is a leading-edge mechanical energy harvesting device used in portable power supplyand self-powered sensor systems. Advanced 3D printers have been recently used to create 3D printed (3DP) PENGs. This hasfacilitated the rapid fabrication of PENGs and their integration into wearable electronics, biomedical systems, and internetof things devices. However, researchers face several critical challenges in developing robust 3DP-PENGs that can produceadequate electrical energy for self-powered systems. Therefore, this review on 3DP-PENGs is conducted to highlight theirrecent developments and challenges. This paper presents the latest 3D-printed piezoelectric nanogenerators in terms of theirmaterials selection and functionalization, design and architecture formation, and applications including pressure sensors,fl ow sensors, microphones, and implants. Finally, crucial challenges and optimization strategies that considerably impactthe output performance of 3DP-PENGs, along with a roadmap for their future enhancement are given. It is envisioned thatthis work will help reduce the gap between 3D printing and PENG technologies and accelerate the research and developmentof 3DP-PENGs.
The Sloan Digital Sky Survey Quasar Catalog: Fourteenth data release
Pâ,ris, Isabelle,Petitjean, Patrick,Aubourg, É,ric,Myers, Adam D.,Streblyanska, Alina,Lyke, Brad W.,Anderson, Scott F.,Armengaud, É,ric,Bautista, Julian,Blanton, Michael R.,Blomqvist, Springer-Verlag 2018 Astronomy and astrophysics Vol.613 No.-
<P>We present the data release 14 Quasar catalog (DR14Q) from the extended Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey (eBOSS) of the Sloan Digital Sky Survey IV (SDSS-IV). This catalog includes all SDSS-IV/eBOSS objects that were spectroscopically targeted as quasar candidates and that are confirmed as quasars via a new automated procedure combined with a partial visual inspection of spectra, have luminosities <I>M</I>i [<I>z</I> = 2] < −20.5 (in a Λ CDM cosmology with <I>H</I>0 = 70 km s<SUP>−1</SUP> Mpc<SUP>−1</SUP>, Ω M =0.3, and Ω Λ = 0.7), and either display at least one emission line with a full width at half maximum larger than 500 km s<SUP>−1</SUP> or, if not, have interesting/complex absorption features. The catalog also includes previously spectroscopically-confirmed quasars from SDSS-I, II, and III. The catalog contains 526 356 quasars (144 046 are new discoveries since the beginning of SDSS-IV) detected over 9376 deg<SUP>2</SUP> (2044 deg<SUP>2</SUP> having new spectroscopic data available) with robust identification and redshift measured by a combination of principal component eigenspectra. The catalog is estimated to have about 0.5% contamination. Redshifts are provided for the Mg II emission line. The catalog identifies 21 877 broad absorption line quasars and lists their characteristics. For each object, the catalog presents five-band (<I>u</I>, <I>g</I>, <I>r</I>, <I>i</I>, <I>z</I>) CCD-based photometry with typical accuracy of 0.03 mag. The catalog also contains X-ray, ultraviolet, near-infrared, and radio emission properties of the quasars, when available, from other large-area surveys. The calibrated digital spectra, covering the wavelength region 3610-10 140 Å at a spectral resolution in the range 1300 < <I>R</I> < 2500, can be retrieved from the SDSS Science Archiver Server.</P>
Rethinking the early intubation paradigm of COVID-19: time to change gears?
Philippe Rola,Joshua Farkas,Rory Spiegel,Cameron Kyle-Sidell,Scott Weingart,Laura Duggan,Marco Garrone,Adam Thomas 대한응급의학회 2020 Clinical and Experimental Emergency Medicine Vol.7 No.2
It was felt that coronavirus disease 2019 patients needed to be intubated precociously and that is what initial guidelines supported. Current experience suggests that many patients may avoid complications of mechanical ventilation and possibly avoid clinical deterioration by the use of non-invasive ventilatory support.
Hong, C.,Luckey, Megan A.,Ligons, Davinna L.,Waickman, Adam T.,Park, J.Y.,Kim, Grace Y.,Keller, Hilary R.,Etzensperger, R.,Tai, X.,Lazarevic, V.,Feigenbaum, L.,Catalfamo, M.,Walsh, Scott T.R.,Park, J. Cell Press 2014 Immunity Vol.40 No.6
The common γ-chain (γc) plays a central role in signaling by IL-2 and other γc-dependent cytokines. Here we report that activated T cells produce an alternatively spliced form of γc mRNA that results in protein expression and secretion of the γc extracellular domain. The soluble form of γc (sγc) is present in serum and directly binds to IL-2Rβ and IL-7Rα proteins on T cells to inhibit cytokine signaling and promote inflammation. sγc suppressed IL-7 signaling to impair naive T cell survival during homeostasis and exacerbated Th17-cell-mediated inflammation by inhibiting IL-2 signaling upon T cell activation. Reciprocally, the severity of Th17-cell-mediated inflammatory diseases was markedly diminished in mice lacking sγc. Thus, sγc expression is a naturally occurring immunomodulator that regulates γc cytokine signaling and controls T cell activation and differentiation.