C++ 컴파일러에서 중간코드의 검증과 분석을 위한 역컴파일러의 설계 및 구현

배성균 ( Sung-kyun Bae ),김영근 ( Young-keun Kim ),이양선 ( Yang-sun Lee ) 한국정보처리학회 2006 한국정보처리학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.13 No.1

C++ 언어는 객체지향 프로그래밍 언어로, 기존의 C++ 프로그램은 각각의 플랫폼에 따른 컴파일러를 통해 목적기계의 코드(object code)로 변환되므로 실행되는 플랫폼에 의존적인 단점이 있다. 이러한 단점을 보완하는 방법으로 스택기반의 가상기계와 가상기계의 입력형태인 중간코드를 이용하는 기법이 있다. EVM(Embedded Virtual Machine)은 ANSI C, ISO/IEC C++ 언어와 SUN사의 Java 언어 등을 모두 수용할 수 있는 임베디드 시스템 기반의 가상기계이며, EVM에서 실행되는 중간코드인 SIL(Standard Intermediate Language)은 객체지향 언어와 순차적인 언어를 모두 수용하기 위한 명령코드의 집합으로 설계되어 있다. 본 논문에서는 C++ 컴파일러를 통해 생성된 SIL 코드가 올바른지 검증하고 원시코드의 분석을 용이하게 하기 위해서 SIL 코드를 어셈블리 코드와 유사한 형태의 재 표현된 C++ 프로그램으로 역컴파일하는 시스템을 설계하고 구현하였다.

객체지향 C++ 컴파일러에서 가상기계 코드의 실행과 분석을 위한 역컴파일러의 설계 및 구현

배성균(Sung-Kyun Bae),김영근(Young-Keun Kim),권혁주(Hyeok-Ju Kwon),이양선(Yang-Sun Lee) 한국멀티미디어학회 2006 한국멀티미디어학회 학술발표논문집 Vol.2006 No.1

EVM(Embedded Virtual Machine) 은 ISO/IEC C++ 와 SUN사의 Java 등의 객체지향 언어를 수용할 수 있는 임베디드 가상기계 솔루션이며, SIL(Standard Intermediate Language)은 EVM의 종간언어로 객체치향 언어와 순차적인 언어를 위한 연산 코드 집합을 갖고 있다. 기존의 객체지향 C++ 컴파일러는 C++ 프로그램을 목적기계의 코드로 변환하여 실행한다. 이러한 문제를 해결하기 위해 본 연구팀은 EVM을 개발하면서 목적기계의 코드가 아닌 플랫폼에 독립적인 스택기반의 가상기계 코드를 생성하는 C++ 컴파일러를 개발하였다. 본 논문에서는 C++ 컴파일러가 생성한 중간 언어인 SIL 코브를 3-주소 코브 형태의 재 표현된 C++ 프로그램으로 변환하는 역컴파일러(Decompiler) 시스템을 설계하고 구현하였다. 역컴파일러가 생성한 C++ 프로그램의 실행을 통해 SIL 코드가 올바르게 생성되었는지를 확인할 수 있으며, 최적화된 SIL 코드의 생성을 위한 시뮬레이션을 제공한다. 또한 프로그램에 담겨진 의미를 어셈블리 형태를 지닌 SIL 코브에 비해 소스 레벨로 쉽게 분석할 수 있다는 장점이 있다.

악성흑색점흑색종 19예에 대한 임상 및 병리 조직학적 연구

홍원진 ( Won Jin Hong ),장홍선 ( Hong Sun Jang ),이상희 ( Sang Hee Lee ),이상은 ( Sang Eun Lee ),정기양 ( Kee Yang Chung ),노미령 ( Mi Ryung Roh ) 대한피부과학회 2016 大韓皮膚科學會誌 Vol.54 No.10

Background: Lentigo maligna melanoma (LMM) is a subtype of melanoma that typically develops on sun-damaged skin. LMM is estimated to comprise 4∼15% of melanomas, but the prevalence is known to be relatively lower in the Korean population than in the Caucasian population. Objective: To review the clinico-pathologic features and treatment outcomes of Korean patients with LMM. Methods: Nineteen patients diagnosed with LMM during 2003∼2015, in the Yonsei University Health System, were included in this study. The age and sex of the patients, lesion location, thickness (Breslow), stage, treatment methods, BRAF, NRAS, and KIT mutation status, and survival rates were analyzed. Results: Among the 19 Korean patients, 11 were male and 8 were female. The median age was 59.2 years. The most common site was the cheek (47.4%), followed by the scalp, eyelid, nose, forehead, lip, and neck. At the time of diagnosis, 13 patients were in localized stages (5 patients, stage 0; 3 patients, stage I; and 5 patients, stage II) and 6 patients were in advanced stages (3 patients, stage III; and 3 patients, stage IV). Patients in the localized stages showed better overall survival (OS) than those in the advanced stages (p=0.012). Nine patients were treated with a wide excision, and 6 using Mohs micrographic surgery. Three patients received high-dose interferon-α therapy; 6, chemotherapy; and 4, radiotherapy. Two patients in stage 0 were treated with topical ingenol mebutate. Two patients had BRAF V600E mutation; 1, NRAS G12R mutation; and 1, KIT mutation. Median OS of the patients was 40.8 months. Conclusion: Our analysis provides additional information about clinical characteristics, treatment, and prognosis of LMM in Korean patients. (Korean J Dermatol 2016;54(10):769∼775)

Linkage Analysis of the Three Loci Determining Rind Color and Stripe Pattern in Watermelon

Yang, Hee-Bum,Park, Sung-woo,Park, Younghoon,Lee, Gung Pyo,Kang, Sun-Cheol,Kim, Yong Kwon Korean Society of Horticultural Science 2015 원예과학기술지 Vol.33 No.4

The rind phenotype of watermelon fruits is an important agronomic characteristic in the watermelon market. Inheritance and linkage analyses were performed for three rind-related traits that together determine the rind phenotype: foreground stripe pattern, rind background color, and depth of rind color. The inheritance of the foreground stripe pattern was analyzed using three different $F_2$ populations, showing that the striped pattern is dominant over the non-striped pattern. The inheritance analysis of the rind background color was performed using $F_2$ populations of the '10909' and '109905', and the depth of rind color was analyzed using $F_2$ populations of the '90509' and '109905'. Yellow color was found to be dominant over green color, and a deep color was dominant over the standard color. Linkage analysis of the three traits was conducted using three $F_2$ populations in which two traits were segregating. Each pair of traits was inherited independently, which demonstrated that the three traits are not linked. Therefore, we propose a three-locus model for the determination of rind phenotype, providing novel insight that rind phenotype is determined by the combination of three genetically independent loci.

Isolation, Characterization and Tri-lineage Differentiation of Mesenchymal Stem Cells from Human Umbilical Cord Blood

Sung-Eun Yang(양성은),Yoon-Sun Yang(양윤선),Chul-Won Ha(하철원) 대한정형외과학회 2004 대한정형외과학회지 Vol.39 No.5

목적: 저자들은 인간 제대혈(umbilical cord blood)에서 간엽 줄기 세포를 분리 및 확인할 수 있었고, 이들 세포군에 대하여 골, 연골 및 지방세포로의 분화가 가능하였기에 이를 보고하고자 한다. 대상 및 방법: 제대혈(n=411)로부터 단핵세포군을 원심분리 방법을 이용하여 분리한 후 배양하였으며, 5-8회 개대배양 시에 1,000배 이상의 증식을 보인 세포군에 대하여 간엽줄기세포 및 타 세포계열 표면항원 검사를 시행하였다. 분리된 간엽줄기 세포군에 대하여 골, 연골 및 지방세포로의 분화를 시도하였다. 결과: 총 411개의 제대혈 중 95개(23.1%)에서 첫 배양 시 간엽 줄기 세포양 세포군(MSC-like cell population)이 확인되었으며, 5-8회 개대배양 시 1,000배 이상의 증식을 보인 세포군은 9개(2.2%)였다. 이들 세포군은 기존에 알려진 모든 간엽줄기세포 표면항원검사에 양성, 타 세포계열 표면항원 검사에는 모두 음성이었다. 분리된 간엽 줄기 세포군은 골, 연골 및 지방세포로의 분화가 가능하였다. 결론: 본 연구의 결과는 인간 제대혈이 서로 다른 세포 계열로 분화할 수 있는 간엽줄기세포를 포함하고 있다는 사실을 지지하는 것으로 판단된다. 인간 제대혈은 상대적으로 많은 양의 간엽줄기세포를 비교적 용이하게 얻을 수 있다는 장점이 있는 세포 공급원이 될 수 있을 것으로 사료되며, 향후 조직 공학 및 세포 치료를 위한 세포 공급원의 하나가 될 수 있을 것으로 기대한다. Purpose: Human umbilical cord blood (hUCB) is well known for a good source of hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs). However, the presence of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) in hUCB is still not well approved by many authors. We hereby report the isolation and characterization of MSCs from hUCB, as well as their differentiation into osteogenic, chondrogenic and adipogenic lineages. Materials and Methods: Mononuclear cells were isolated from each hUCB harvest (n=411) by density gradient centrifugation, and suspended in -minimum essential medium supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum (FBS). The cell population was expanded by successive sub-cultivation under the same condition. The cell population that showed more than 1,000-fold expansion at fifth to eighth passage was inspected with known surface antigens of MSCs and other cell lineage. The isolated MSCs were cultured in osteogenic, chondrogenic, and adipogenic condition to identify their potential to differentiate into different mesenchymal cell lineage. Results: Ninety five out of 411 hUCB units (23.1%) generated the MSC-like cell population during initial cultivation. Nine cell populations (2.2%) showed more than 1,000-fold expansion capacity at fifth to eighth passage. These cells positively expressed all known MSC-related antigens. They did not express any of myeloid, endothelial, or histo-compatibility antigens. All of the MSCs isolated showed the potential to differentiate into osteogenic, chondrogenic, and adipogenic lineages. Conclusion: Our study supports that hUCB does contain MSCs, which can be differentiated into different cell lineages. We believe hUCB will be a good source of MSCs with the advantage of availability and relative abundance. We think hUCB should not be considered as a medical waste, and it will serve as a good source of cells for tissue engineering and cellular therapy in the future.

An Integrated High-Performance Active Rectifier for Piezoelectric Vibration Energy Harvesting Systems

Yang Sun,Nguyen Huy Hieu,Chang-Jin Jeong,Sang-Gug Lee IEEE 2012 IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON POWER ELECTRONICS - Vol.27 No.2

<P>In this letter, a highly efficient active full-bridge rectifier is proposed for piezoelectric (PE) vibration energy harvesting systems. By replacing the passive diodes with an operational amplifier-controlled active counterpart and adding a switch in parallel with the transducer, the proposed rectifier solves the dc-offset problem of the comparator-based active diode, minimizes the voltage drop along the conduction path, and extracts more power from the transducer, all of which lead to better power extraction and conversion capability. The proposed rectifier, implemented in 0.18-μm CMOS technology, shows 90% power conversion efficiency and 81 μW output power, with values corresponding to 1.5 times and 3.4 times the values for a conventional full-bridge rectifier.</P>

Photoprotective effects of topical ginseng leaf extract using Ultraflo L against UVB-induced skin damage in hairless mice

Yang Hee Hong,Hyun-Sun Lee,Eun Young Jung,Sung-Hee Han,Yooheon Park,Hyung Joo Suh 고려인삼학회 2017 Journal of Ginseng Research Vol.41 No.4

Background: Abnormal activation of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) plays an important role in UV-induced wrinkle formation, which is amajor dermatological problem. This formation occurs due to the degeneration of the extracellular matrix (ECM). In this study, we investigated the cutaneous photoprotective effects of Ultraflo L treated ginseng leaf (UTGL) in hairless mice. Methods: SKH-1 hairless mice (6 weeks of age) were randomly divided into four groups (8 mice/group). UTGL formulation was applied topically to the skin of the mice for 10 weeks. The normal control group received nonvehicle and was not irradiated with UVB. The UV control (UVB) group received nonvehicle and was exposed to gradient-UVB irradiation. The groups (GA) receiving topical application of UTGL formulation were subjected to gradient-UVB irradiation on 0.5 mg/㎠ [GA-low (GA-L)] and 1.0 mg/㎠ [(GA-high (GA-H)] of dorsal skin area, respectively. Results: We found that topical treatment with UTGL attenuated UVB-induced epidermal thickness and impairment of skin barrier function. Additionally, UTGL suppressed the expression of MMP-2, -3, and -13 induced by UVB irradiation. Our results show that topical application of UTGL protects the skin against UVB-induced damage in hairless mice and suggest that UTGL can act as a potential agent for preventing and/or treating UVB-induced photoaging. Conclusion: UTGL possesses sunscreen properties and may exhibit photochemoprotective activities inside the skin of mice. Therefore, UTGL could be used as a potential therapeutic agent to protect the skin against UVB-induced photoaging.

HBV : Serial Changes in Serum Alpha-Fetoprotein Levels before and after Entecavir Therapy in Nucleoside-Na?ve Patients with Chronic Hepatitis B

( Sung Wook Yang ),( Jung Wha Chung ),( Sang Soo Lee ),( Sukho Hong ),( Seong Min Chung ),( Eun Sun Jang ),( Jin Wook Kim ),( Sook Hyang Jeong ) 대한간학회 2013 춘·추계 학술대회 (KASL) Vol.2013 No.1

Background: Serum level of alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) can elevate in patients with chronic hepatitis B (CHB) without evidence of hepatocellular carcinoma. However, the response of AFP levels to oral nucleos(t)ide analog is not elucidated yet. In this study, we retrospectively assessed the prevalence of high serum AFP levels in CHB patients who were treated with entecavir (ETV), and patterns of AFP changes during the entecavir therapy. Methods: A total of 110 CHB patients who started ETV as an initial antiviral therapy were enrolled in this retrospective study. Pre-treatment clinical , biochemical and virologic parameters were evaluated in relation to the serial AFP levels. Results: The mean baseline AFP value was 41.2 ng/dL. Before ETV therapy (range: 1.3-840 ng/dL). Among the 110 patients, fourty-six (41.8%) showed high pre-treatment AFP values (>10 ng/dl). In the high AFP group, Aspartate transaminase (AST), Alkaline phosphatase (ALP), bilirubin, albumin and prothrombin time (PT) were significantly higher compared to normal AFP group (P=0.021, 0.005, 0.000, 0.001 and 0.004, respective). Only baseline albumin level was significant predictor of high AFP level in multivariate logistic regression analysis (P=0.043, HR=0.00). In high AFP group, The cumulative normalization rates of AFP levels were 26.1%, 73.9% and 91.3% at 18, 36 and 72 weeks, respectively. Serum DNA level was significantly correlated to the time to AFP normalization in a Kaplan-Meier analysis (P=0.039). Conclusions: AFP frequently elevates in CHB patients who undergoes oral nucleoside analog therapy, and baseline albumin level was significantly associated with high AFP level. Normalization of AFP is delayed and about 1/3 shows high AFP levels up to 3 years of ETV therapy. Baseline DNA level was associated with delayed AFP normalization after ETV therapy.

Screening of Korean Medicinal Herbs for Hormonal Activities using Recombinant Yeast Assay and MCF-7 Human Breast Cancer Cells

Yang, Se-Ran,Hong, Hee-Do,Cho, Sung-Dae,Ahn, Nam-Shik,Jung, Ji-Won,Park, Joon-Suk,Jo, Eun-Hye,Hwang, Jae-Woong,Sun-bo,Park, Jung-Ran,Lee, Seong-Hun,Jung, Ji-Youn,Choi, Changsun,Kang, Kyung-Sun,Lee, Yo 한국식품위생안전성학회 2005 한국식품위생안전성학회지 Vol.20 No.1

약용식물내 에스트로겐성과 항-에스트로겐성을 조사하고 항암인자를 발견하기 위하여, 본연구는 에탄올추출로 제조된 9종류의 한국산 약용식물에 대하여 재조합효모와 MCF-7 사람유방암세포주를 이용하여 스크리닝하고 비교하였다. 재조합효모를 이용한 실험결과, 7종류의 약용식물에서 에스트로겐성이 나타났고, 4종류에서 안드로겐성이 나타났다. 또한 MCF-7 사람유방암세포주를 이용한 실험결과, 8종류의 추출물이 MCF-7 세포의 성장을 억제하는 것으로 확인되었으며 비스페놀 A와 동시 처치한 경우에도 유의적으로 억제하는 것으로 나타났다. 또한 Clyeyrrhiza uralensis, Cassia tora, Syringa velutina, Zingiber officinale, Malva verticillata, Panax ginseng C.A. Meyer는 식물성 에스트로겐으로서 에스트로겐에 양성인 사람유방암세포의 증식을 유의적으로 억제시티는 흥미로운 결과가 제시되었다. 따라서 이번 연구는 한국산 약용식물이 식물성 에스트로겐과 항암인자로서 이용될 수 있으며, 에스트로겐의 활성을 조사하는데 유용하게 이용될 수 있을 것으로 사료된다. To investigate whether there are estrogenic and anti-estrogenic activities in various medicinal herbs and discover prominent chemo-preventive agents, eye screened and compared the ethanol extracts of 9 plants through the recombinant yeast assay and MCF-7 human breast cancer cell assay. In recombinant yeast assay. seven medicinal herbs showed estrogenicity, and tour extracts showed androgenecity. In MCF-7 proliferation assay. the growth of MCF-7 cells was inhibited by eight extracts before and even alter co-treatment with bisphenol A. It is interesting that the extracts of Glyeyrrhiza uralensis, Cassia tora, Syringa velutina, Zingiber officinale, Malva verticillata, and Ponax ginseng C.A. Meyer exhibited inhibitory effects as phytoestrogens in estrogen-responsive human breast cancer cells. This study suggests that some Korean medicinal herbs might be considered as phytoestrooens and be useful to further analyze those plants which contain the estrogenic effect in order to identify the active principles.

Purification and characterization of trypsin from transgenic rice cell suspension culture

Sung-Kun YIM,Eun-Sun JEUNG,Yun-Ji SHIN,Hyo-Boon KIM,Ju KIM,Hong-Soo DOO,Ji-Ae YANG,Min-Woo NAM,Moon-Sik YANG,Tea-Ho KWON 한국생물공학회 2010 한국생물공학회 학술대회 Vol.2010 No.10