Comparative genome analysis to identify SNPs associated with high oleic acid and elevated protein content in soybean

Kulkarni, Krishnanand P.,Patil, Gunvant,Valliyodan, Babu,Vuong, Tri D.,Shannon, J. Grover,Nguyen, Henry T.,Lee, Jeong-Dong,Belzile, F. National Research Council of Canada, Conseil natio 2018 Genome Vol. No.

<P> The objective of this study was to determine the genetic relationship between the oleic acid and protein content. The genotypes having high oleic acid and elevated protein (HOEP) content were crossed with five elite lines having normal oleic acid and average protein (NOAP) content. The selected accessions were grown at six environments in three different locations and phenotyped for protein, oil, and fatty acid components. The mean protein content of parents, HOEP, and NOAP lines was 34.6%, 38%, and 34.9%, respectively. The oleic acid concentration of parents, HOEP, and NOAP lines was 21.7%, 80.5%, and 20.8%, respectively. The HOEP plants carried both FAD2-1A (S117N) and FAD2-1B (P137R) mutant alleles contributing to the high oleic acid phenotype. Comparative genome analysis using whole-genome resequencing data identified six genes having single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) significantly associated with the traits analyzed. A single SNP in the putative gene Glyma.10G275800 was associated with the elevated protein content, and palmitic, oleic, and linoleic acids. The genes from the marker intervals of previously identified QTL did not carry SNPs associated with protein content and fatty acid composition in the lines used in this study, indicating that all the genes except Glyma.10G278000 may be the new genes associated with the respective traits. </P>

Protective Effect of Quercetin on Alcohol Abstinence-Induced Anxiety and Convulsions

S.K. Kulkarni,D. Joshi,P.S. Naidu,A. Singh 한국식품영양과학회 2005 Journal of medicinal food Vol.8 No.3

Chronic administration of ethanol (2 g/kg, p.o.) on days 16 and its withdrawal produced an anxiogenic reac-tion in mice as assessed in the mirrored-chamber test. Daily administration of quercetin (25 or 50 mg/kg, p.o.) prior to ethanolfor 6 days prevented withdrawal-induced anxiety in mice. However, acute administration of a single dose of quercetin (50mg/kg) to animals withdrawn from ethanol, i.e., on day 7, did not prevent withdrawal-induced anxiety. Ethanol withdrawalalso induced a significant increase in the locomotor activity of mice indicating an anxiogenic response. Daily administrationof quercetin (25 or 50 mg/kg, p.o.) prior to ethanol for 6 days prevented withdrawal-induced increased locomotor activity.Ethanol withdrawal also sensitized the convulsogenic reaction to pentylenetetrazole (PTZ). A non-convulsive dose (4060mg/kg) of PTZ produced full-blown convulsions and increased mortality in ethanol-withdrawn mice. Both acute and chronicadministration of quercetin (25 or 50 mg/kg, p.o.) produced a significant protection against ethanol withdrawal-induced re-duction in PTZ threshold in mice. The result suggests the protective effect of this safe drug, quercetin, in the management ofethanol withdrawal reactions.

Hepatoprotective and antioxidant activities of crude fractions of endophytic fungi of Ocimum sanctum Linn. in rats

Shukla, S.T.,Kulkarni, V.H.,Habbu, P.V.,Jagadeesh, K.S.,Patil, B.S.,Smita, D.M. 경희한의학연구센터 2012 Oriental Pharmacy and Experimental Medicine Vol.12 No.2

Endophytic fungi are a rich source of novel organic compounds with interesting biological activities and a high level of biodiversity. In the present investigation, an attempt has been made to isolate, characterize and screen the Tulsi (Ocimum sanctum Linn.) root fungal endophytic fractions (TRF) for hepatoprotective and antioxidant activities. Endophytic fungi from Ocimum sanctum Linn. roots were isolated and cultured aseptically in PDA media. The full fledged grown fungus cultures were fermented in potato dextrose broth and fractionated using ethyl acetate. TRF-1 and TRF-2 were subjected free radical scavenging activities against 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl, hydroxyl free radicals and reducing power assay. TRF-1 was found to be potential free radical scavenger with $IC_{50}$ values of $71.83{\mu}g/ml$ for DPPH and $110.85{\mu}g/ml$ for hydroxyl radical respectively. TRF-1 and TRF-2 were further assessed for hepatoprotective activity in $CCl_4$ induced hepatotoxicity in-vivo. Results showed that TRF-1 (200 mg/kg p.o.) and TRF-2 (200 mg/kg p.o.) significantly reversed the actions of carbon tetrachloride induced hepatotoxicity, as evident by restoration of serum AST, ALT, ALP, bilirubin, triglycerides and protein level to normal values as compared to $CCl_4$ treated group. Restoration of altered LPO (p<0.001), GSH (p<0.01) and catalase (p<0.01) by TRF-1 suggests that the hepatoprotective activity may be attributed to its antioxidant action. This was further supported by histopathological studies. TRF-1 was subjected to rDNA sequencing studies by PCR technique. Based on the morphological and molecular characterization, the fungus was identified as Paecilomyces variotti Bain. Therefore, endophytes from medicinal plants represent great potential for the discovery of new pharmacologically active metabolites.

Densitometric quantification for the validation of decolorization of Disperse Orange ERL by lichen <i>Parmelia</i> sp.

Kulkarni, Ashwini N.,Bhalkar, Bhumika N.,Khandare, Rahul V.,Kurade, Mayur B.,Jeon, Byong-Hun,Govindwar, Sanjay P. Society for Bioscience and Bioengineering, Japan 2019 Journal of bioscience and bioengineering Vol. No.

<P>Densitometric high performance thin layer chromatography (HPTLC) quantification method was developed to validate the decolorization/biotransformation of Disperse Orange ERL and dye mixture by lichen <I>Parmelia</I> sp. which release several colored compounds during decolorization process, hence unable to use colorimetric estimation. Percent decolorization of Disperse Orange ERL and dye mixture by lichen <I>Parmelia</I> sp. was observed when estimated using developed HPTLC method. Limit of detection and limit of quantification for both dyes in mixture were obtained as 0.3 and 1 μg/μl, respectively. Area of peak of control Disperse Orange ERL was reduced by 43% after 12 h, 71% after 48 h and upto 82% after 72 h of incubation. Precision and repeatability of data elucidated the % relative standard deviation less than 3 for all the values thus indicating statistically acceptable. Biodegradation of dye and mixture was confirmed with Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy analysis, i.e., altered fingerprinting spectral pattern.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Densitometric quantification of textile dyes biotransformation products. </LI> <LI> Quantification of dye in presence of released colored compounds. </LI> <LI> Reported for the first time in dye decolorization studies. </LI> </UL> </P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>

Note: Real time optical sensing of alpha-radiation emitting radioactive aerosols based on solid state nuclear track detector.

Kulkarni, A,Ha, S,Joshirao, P,Manchanda, V,Bak, M S,Kim, T American Institute of Physics 2015 Review of scientific instruments Vol.86 No.6

<P>A sensitive radioactive aerosols sensor has been designed and developed. Its design guidance is based on the need for a low operational cost and reliable measurements to provide daily aerosol monitoring. The exposure of diethylene-glycol bis (allylcarbonate) to radiation causes modification of its physico-chemical properties like surface roughness and reflectance. In the present study, optical sensor based on the reflectance measurement has been developed with an aim to monitor real time presence of alpha radioactive aerosols emitted from thorium nitrate hydrate. The results shows that the fabricated sensor can detect 0.0157 kBq to 0.1572 kBq of radio activity by radioactive aerosols generated from (Th(NO3)4 ??? 5H2O) at 0.1 ml/min flow rate. The proposed instrument will be helpful to monitor radioactive aerosols in/around a nuclear facility, building construction sites, mines, and granite polishing factories.</P>

Mapping QTLs for 100-seed weight in an interspecific soybean cross of Williams 82 (Glycine max) and PI 366121 (Glycine soja)

Kulkarni, Krishnanand P.,Asekova, Sovetgul,Lee, Dong-Ho,Bilyeu, Kristin,Song, Jong Tae,Lee, Jeong-Dong CSIRO Publishing 2017 Crop & pasture science Vol.68 No.2

<P> Seed weight can be an important component for soybean quality and yield. The objective of the present study was to identify quantitative trait loci (QTLs) for 100-seed weight by using 169 recombinant inbred lines (RILs) derived from the cross Williams 82 × PI 366121. The parental lines and RILs were grown for four consecutive years (2012-15) in the field. The seeds were harvested after maturity, dried and used to measure 100-seed weight. Analysis of variance indicated significant differences among the RILs for 100-seed weight. The environment had significant effect on seed-weight expression as indicated by the genotype × environment interaction. QTL analysis employing inclusive composite interval mapping of additive QTLs implemented in QTL IciMapping (Version 4.1) identified nine QTLs (LOD >3) on chromosomes 1, 2, 6, 8, 13, 14, 17 and 20. The individual QTLs explained phenotypic variation in the range 6.1-12.4%. The QTLs were detected in one or two environments, indicating major influence of the growing environment on seed-weight expression. Four QTLs identified in this study, qSW-02_1, qSW-06_1, qSW-13_1 and qSW-14_1, were found to be new QTLs. The findings of the study may be helpful to reveal the molecular genetic basis of the seed-weight trait in soybean. </P>

Thermal and Structural Analysis of Calandria Vessel of a PHWR during a Severe Accident

P.P. KULKARNI,S. V. Prasad,A. K. Nayak,P. K. Vijayan 한국원자력학회 2013 Nuclear Engineering and Technology Vol.45 No.4

In a postulated severe core damage accident in a PHWR, multiple failures of core cooling systems may lead to the collapse of pressure tubes and calandria tubes, which may ultimately relocate inside the calandria vessel forming a terminal debris bed. The debris bed, which may reach high temperatures due to the decay heat, is cooled by the moderator in the calandria. With time, the moderator is evaporated and after some time, a hot dry debris bed is formed. The debris bed transfers heat to the calandria vault water which acts as the ultimate heat sink. However, the questions remain: how long would the vault water be an ultimate heat sink, and what would be the failure mode of the calandria vessel if the heat sink capability of the reactor vault water is lost?In the present study, a numerical analysis is performed to evaluate the thermal loads and the stresses in the calandria vessel following the above accident scenario. The heat transfer from the molten corium pool to the surrounding is assumed to be by a combination of radiation, conduction, and convection from the calandria vessel wall to the vault water. From the temperature distribution in the vessel wall, the transient thermal loads have been evaluated. The strain rate and the vessel failure have been evaluated for the above scenario.

Decolorization and detoxification of dye mixture and textile effluent by lichen <i>Dermatocarpon vellereceum</i> in fixed bed upflow bioreactor with subsequent oxidative stress study

Kulkarni, Ashwini N.,Watharkar, Anuprita D.,Rane, Niraj R.,Jeon, Byong-Hun,Govindwar, Sanjay P. Elsevier 2018 Ecotoxicology and environmental safety Vol.148 No.-

<P>Navy Blue HE22 (NBHE22), dye mixture and real textile effluent were decolorized and degraded by lichen Derrnatocarpon vellereceuen. Up-flow bioreactor showed about 80%, 70%, 80% and 65% removal of American dye manufacturer index (ADMI), biological oxygen demand (BOD), total suspended solids (TSS) and total dissolved solids (TDS), respectively of dye mixture at flow rate of 25 ml h(-1). The removal of ADMI, BOD, TSS and TDS of real textile effluent were 75%, 65%, 82% and 70%, respectively at flow rate of 30 ml h(-1). Significant induction of extracellular enzymes such as manganese peroxidase and lignin peroxidase was observed up to 46% and 36% during decolorization of dye mixture, while 43% and 24% during effluent treatment, respectively. Exponential enhancement in the activities of stress enzymes such as catalase (CAT) and guaiacol peroxidase (GPX) was observed after exposure to NBHE22 (116% and 125%, respectively), dye mixture (150% and 300%, respectively) and effluent (400% and 350%, respectively) endorsing the stress tolerance ability of model lichen. Phytotoxicity and genotoxicity studies demonstrated less toxic nature of metabolites resulted from biodegradation.</P>

SUPERSONIC FLOW COMPUTATION OVER MISSILE CONFIGURATION

P. S. Kulkarni 대한기계학회 1992 International Conference on Fluid Machinery Vol.1 No.1

Genetic Improvement of the Fatty Acid Biosynthesis System to Alter the ω-6/ω-3 Ratio in the Soybean Seed

Kulkarni, Krishnanand P.,Kim, Minsu,Song, Jong Tae,Bilyeu, Kristin D.,Lee, Jeong-Dong Springer New York LLC 2017 Journal of the American Oil Chemists' Society Vol. No.