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Im, Keon-Il,Kim, Nayoun,Lim, Jung-Yeon,Nam, Young-Sun,Lee, Eun-Sol,Kim, Eun-Jung,Kim, Hyoung Jin,Kim, Soon Ha,Cho, Seok-Goo The American Association of Immunologists, Inc. 2015 JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY Vol.194 No.11
<P>Graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) is a major complication associated with allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Despite the prominent role of the adaptive immune system, the importance of controlling the innate immune system in the pathogenesis of GVHD has recently been rediscovered. High-mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) is a crucial damage-associated molecular pattern signal that functions as a potent innate immune mediator in GVHD. In the present study, we investigated treatment of experimental GVHD through HMGB1 blockade using the compound cyclopentylamino carboxymethylthiazolylindole (NecroX)-7. Treated animals significantly attenuated GVHD-related mortality and inhibited severe tissue damage. These protective effects correlated with the decrease in HMGB1 expression and lower levels of reactive oxidative stress. Additionally, NecroX-7 inhibited the HMGB1-induced release of TNF and IL-6, as well as the expression of TLR-4 and receptor for advanced glycation end products. We also observed increased regulatory T cell numbers, which may be associated with regulation of differentiation signals independent of HMGB1. Taken together, these data indicate that NecroX-7 protects mice against lethal GVHD by reciprocal regulation of regulatory T/Th1 cells, attenuating systemic HMGB1 accumulation and inhibiting HMGB1-mediated inflammatory response. Our results indicate the possibility of a new use for a clinical drug that is effective for the treatment of GVHD.</P>
Trends in Cigarette Use Behaviors Among Adolescents by Region in Korea
Hong, Nam Soo,Kim, Keon-Yeop,Park, Soon-Woo,Kim, Jong-Yeon,Bae, Ji-Suk,Lee, Won-Kee,Kim, Ki-Su The Korean Society for Preventive Medicine 2011 Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health Vol.44 No.4
Objectives: Understanding recent trends in cigarette smoking among adolescents is important in order to develop strategies to prevent cigarette smoking. The aim of this study was to compare recent trends in cigarette smoking for adolescents living in rural areas, small towns and metropolitan cities in Korea. Methods: The raw data from the Korea Youth Risk Behavior Web-based Survey (KYRBWS) from 2005 to 2009 were used. Data were analyzed by using the method of complex survey data analysis considering complex sampling design. Logistic regression models were used to evaluate significant linear time trends in cigarette smoking. The indicators of cigarette use behaviors were 'current smoking rate', 'frequent smoking rate', 'heavy smoking rate' and 'smoking experience rate before 13 years of age'. All analyses were conducted according to gender. Results: Statistically significant increasing trends in current smoking rate and frequent smoking rate were observed and borderline significant increasing trends in heavy smoking rate were shown among rural boys. Among metropolitan city boys, statistically significant increasing trends were also seen for frequent smoking. Statistically significant decreasing trends in current smoking rate were observed among small town and metropolitan city girls. Smoking experience rate before 13 years of age for rural girls decreased significantly. Conclusions: Cigarette smoking prevalence among adolescents in the rural areas has increased in the last five years especially among boys. Our findings suggest that anti-tobacco program for adolescents should be conducted primarily for those in rural areas.
분산 제약조건 만족 특성을 이용한 다중 에이전트 기반 강의 시간표 자동화 시스템 설계
황경순(Kyoung-Soon Hwang),전중남(Joong-Nam Jun),이건명(Keon-Myung Lee) 한국정보과학회 2002 한국정보과학회 학술발표논문집 Vol.29 No.1B
강의시간표 문제(Lecture-timetabling Problem)는 일주일을 기본으로 하는 특정 시간대 별로 학생(Course-class), 교수, 그리고 강의실과 같은 자원에 대한 스케줄링 문제로서, 각각의 자원에 대하여 적절한 조합으로 제약조건들 사이의 충돌을 최소화하여 자원을 배치하는 할당문제이다. 강의시간표 문제는 수천 명 학생들에 대하여 개개인의 시간표를 작성해야 하므로 기하급수적으로 증가하는 탐색공간에 대하여 최악의 경우 탐색 시간이 지수적으로 증가하는 NP-complete Problem이다. 이러한 거대하고 복잡한 강의시간표 문제는 계층적으로 분할하여 기능별로 처리하면서 제약조건을 협상하도록 하는 각 모듈 단위의 에이전트를 구성하므로 좀 더 작고 단순한 문제로 변환될 수 있다. 본 논문에서는 방대한 탐색 공간과 과잉-제약조건(Over-constraint) 문제의 하나인 강의시간표 작성 문제를 분산제약조건 만족 문제 특성을 이용하고 다중 에이전트 구조를 사용하여 해결하는 강의시간표 자동화 시스템 설계를 제안한다.
이상준,박순민,이영석,한남익,윤종구,이종민,한석원,문건웅,윤인재,천지성,정정조,서백종 대한소화기학회 1998 대한소화기학회지 Vol.30 No.5
Background/Aims: The Krukenberg tumor is a metastatic or primary ovarian tumor of the signet-ring cell type. The incidence of this tumor are high in Korea, especially among relatively young age group, and the prognosis is poor. Therefore we tried to understand the relationship between the many factors and survival periods. Methods: We have observ d 12 cases of Krukenberg tumors from January 1984 to February 1997 in Holy Family Hospi:al and analyzed them. Results: The Krukenberg tumor accounts for 14.1% among the 85 malignat ovarian tumor and 3.5% among the 342 female gastric cancers found in our hospital during this period. The age distribution of the patients ranged from 25 to 50 years of age and the majority were under 40 years of age. The mean age was 34.2 years. Initial chief complaints were epiga.tric pain, lower abdominal pain, and lower abdominal mass. The sizes of Krukenberg tumors range from 7.2cm to 18.0cm and the tumors were usually bilateral. From diagnosis to death, the mean duration of survival was 6.7 months. But it was 9.0 months in cases where an operation on the ovaries and the primary site, were performed. In the group of ascites(8 cases), it was 2.6 months contrary to 14.8 months of ascites-free group. Conclusions: The prognosis of the Krukenberp tumor depends on early diagnosis and aggressive treatrnent.