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Jin, Jun-Jang,Ko, Il-Gyu,Kim, Sung-Eun,Shin, Mal-Soon,Kim, Sang-Hoon,Jee, Yong-Seok Korean Society of Exercise Rehabilitation 2014 JER Vol.10 No.2
<P>Multiple sclerosis is one of the autoimmune diseases in the central nervous system. Multiple sclerosis occurs through multiple mechanisms, and it is also mediated in part by an apoptotic mechanism. Swimming exercise has been recommended for the prevention and treatment of chronic diseases. In the present study, we investigated the effects of swimming exercise on short-term memory in relation with apoptotic neuronal cell death in the hippocampus following induction of multiple sclerosis. For this study, step-down avoidance task, terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL) assay, immunohistochemistry for caspase-3 were performed. The animal model of multiple sclerosis was made by bilateral intracerebral ventricle injection of ethidium bromide. The rats in the swimming exercise groups were forced to swim for 30 min once daily for 14 consecutive days, starting 3 days after induction of multiple sclerosis. In the present results, short-term memory was deteriorated in the multiple sclerosis-induced rats. The number of TUNEL-positive and caspase-3-positive cells in the hippocampal dentate gyrus was increased in the multiple sclerosis-induced rats. Swimming exercise alleviated multiple sclerosis-induced short-term memory impairment by suppressing apoptotic neuronal cell death in the hippocampus. These effects of swimming exercise may aid symptom relief in the incurable neurodegenerative diseases.</P>
Kim, Sung-Eun,Ko, Il-Gyu,Kim, Bo-Kyun,Shin, Mal-Soon,Cho, Sehyung,Kim, Chang-Ju,Kim, Sang-Hun,Baek, Seung-Soo,Lee, Eun-Kyu,Jee, Yong-Seok Elsevier 2010 Experimental Gerontology Vol.45 No.5
<P><B>Abstract</B></P><P>Aging leads to functional changes in the hippocampus, and consequently induces cognitive deficits, such as failure of memory. Neurogenesis in the hippocampal dentate gyrus continues throughout life, but steadily declines from early adulthood. Apoptosis occurs under various pathologic and physiologic conditions, and excessive apoptotic cell death can cause a number of functional disorders in humans. Apoptosis in the hippocampus also disturbs cognitive functions. In this study, we examined the effect of treadmill exercise on memory in relation to neurogensis and apoptosis in the hippocampal dentate gyrus of old-aged rats. The present results showed that loss of memory by aging was associated with a decrease in neurogenesis and an increase in apoptosis in the hippocampal dentate gyrus. Treadmill exercise improved short-term and spatial memories by enhancing neurogenesis and suppressing apoptosis in the hippocampal dentate gyrus of old-aged rats. In the present study, we showed that treadmill exercise is a very useful strategy for preventing failure of memory in the elderly.</P>
매립장 침출수 처리시 음식물 폐수 및 재활용 세척폐수의 연계처리에 의한 생물학적 처리효율 향상
최영익 ( Young-ik Choi ),고말석 ( Mal-seok Ko ),윤태경 ( Tae-kyung Yoon ),한영립 ( Young-rip Han ) 한국환경기술학회 2012 한국환경기술학회지 Vol.13 No.1
본 연구는 음식물처리장에서 유출되는 음식물 폐수와 재활용품 세척수 등을 침출수처리장 침출수와 병합 처리하기 위한 적정한 공정 운영방안과 개선안을 도출하고자 하였다. 매립안정화 단계의 매립지에서 발생하는 침출수는 총인과 총질소 농도가 상대적으로 높고 음식물 폐수는 BOD, COD와 같은 유기물의 농도가 매우 높은 수질특성을 보인다. 침출수의 C/N비는 매우 낮아 평균 0.32이었으나 음식물 폐수와 재활용 세척폐수의 유입 후에 C/N비는 평균은 약 0.83으로 거의 3배 증가하였다. 또한 음식물 폐수 및 재활용품 세척폐수의 BOD 기여도를 평가하기 위해 BOD량을 메탄올 량으로 환산한 결과 일일 평균 약 103.8 kg 및 88.3 kg이며, 이를 메탄올 가격으로 환산하면 연간 약 10,809천원 및 9,188천원으로 평가되었다. 또한, 음식물폐수와 재활용 세척폐수의 처리는 쓰레기 분리수거 이후에 발생되는 전국적인 현안 사항이므로 단순이 기피폐수로만 취급할 것이 아니라 침출수처리 공정과 연계하여 외부탄소원으로 활용할 수 있는 방안들이 적극적으로 검토되어야 하며, 연구대상 침출수 처리공정에서와 같이 침출수처리공정의 생물학적 탈질반응 탄소원으로 충분히 활용 가능한 것으로 판단된다. 인은 화학적 응집공정으로 처리하여 고도처리를 할 수 있는 방안을 모색하였다. The present research aimed to suggest proper operating process methods for food waste flowing out from a food treatment plant of recycled wasted products and leachate from the landfill site. Leachate has relatively high concentration of total phosphorous and total nitrogen. The washing water of the recycled wasted products shows that the concentration of organic matters like BOD and COD are relatively very high. The C/N ratio of leachate is very low (an average of 0.32), but after adding food waste water and the recycled wasted products washing water, the average of C/N ratio was around 0.83. It increased by almost three times. Accordingly, it can be evaluated that the contribution of organic matters for denitrification in food waste water and the recycled wasted products washing water is significantly high. In stead of simply handling food waste water and the recycled wasted products washing water, the methods capable of utilizing it as external carbon sources should be actively investigated in linkage with a leachate treatment process. A method capable of raising process efficiency is that the food waste water and the recycled wasted products washing water are utilized as external carbon sources etc. The phosphorous could be treated well by using chemical coagulation processes.