Influence of canopy architecture on photosynthetic parameters and fruit quality of mango in tropical region of India

Kishore Kundan,Singh H. S.,Nath Vishal,Baig M. J.,Murthy D. Sreenivasa,Acharya G. C.,Behera Suchitra 한국원예학회 2023 Horticulture, Environment, and Biotechnology Vol.64 No.4

Canopy architecture is one of the most critical components infl uencing photoassimilation, yield and quality of fruit crops; thus, it is logical to optimize suitable canopy form with high light interception effi ciency. In this study, the eff ectiveness of three forms of canopy architecture viz., open centre, Y trellis and espalier were assessed, under high density planting system of mango (833 plants ha − 1 ). Y trellis facilitated better availability of photosynthetic photon fl ux density (PPFD) in upper (793 μmol m − 2 s − 1 ) and lower canopy layers (487 μmol m − 2 s − 1 ) by exhibiting moderate interception of photosynthetic active radiation (PAR). Y-trellis also manifested relatively higher photosynthetic activity (6.07 μmol CO 2 m − 2 s − 1 and 5.24 μmol CO 2 m − 2 s − 1 ), stomatal conductance (0.194 μmol H 2 O m − 2 s − 1 and 0.172 μmol H 2 O m − 2 s − 1 ), carbohydrate and protein content in upper and lower canopy layers. On the other hand, espalier system demonstrated high rate of PAR interception and low photosynthetic activity. Mango canopy with Y-trellis and open centre forms provided better results in terms of fl owering intensity and fruit yield. Fruits from Y-trellis exhibited relatively better colour attributes, sucrose and β-carotene content. Alternatively, soluble solid contents, citric acid, carbohydrate and protein content were unaff ected with the training systems. It was evident from PCA biplots that Y-trellis had close proximity with light intensity, photosynthetic characteristics, fl owering intensity, yield, and fruit quality attributes. Moreover, path coeffi cient analysis indicated that PPFD, iPAR and photosynthetic rate ( Pn ) were the most important predictors for determining fl owering in mango. The fi ndings of the present study demonstrate that optimized canopy architecture is instrumental for eff ective utilization of radiation energy for higher fl owering intensity, yield and fruit quality in mango. Economic assessment of training system indicated that Y-trellis was more feasible system when cultivation was aimed to maximise the profi t with no restriction on investment. However under capital constraint situation open centre system was more profi table.

Efficient decolorization and detoxification of textile industry effluent by <i>Salvinia molesta</i> in lagoon treatment

Chandanshive, Vishal V.,Rane, Niraj R.,Gholave, Avinash R.,Patil, Swapnil M.,Jeon, Byong-Hun,Govindwar, Sanjay P. Elsevier 2016 Environmental research Vol.150 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P> <I>Salvinia molesta</I>, an aquatic fern was observed to have a potential of degrading azo dye Rubine GFL up to 97% at a concentration of 100mg/L within 72h using 60±2g of root biomass. Both root as well as stem tissues showed induction in activities of the enzymes such as lignin peroxidase, veratryl alcohol oxidase, laccase, tyrosinase, catalase, DCIP reductase and superoxide dismutase during decolorization of Rubine GFL. FTIR, GC-MS, HPLC and UV–visible spectrophotometric analysis confirmed phytotransformation of the model dye into smaller molecules. Analysis of metabolites revealed breakdown of an azo bond of Rubine GFL by the action of lignin peroxidase and laccase and formation of 2-methyl-4-nitroaniline and N-methylbenzene-1, 4-diamine. Anatomical tracing of dye in the stem of <I>S. molesta</I> confirmed the presence of dye in tissues and subsequent removal after 48h of treatment. The concentration of chlorophyll pigments like chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b and carotenoid was observed during the treatment. Toxicity analysis on seeds of <I>Triticum aestivum</I> and <I>Phaseolus mungo</I> revealed the decreased toxicity of dye metabolites. <I>In situ</I> treatment of a real textile effluent was further monitored in a constructed lagoon of the dimensions of 7m×5m×2m (total surface area 35m<SUP>2</SUP>) using <I>S. molesta</I> for 192h. This large scale treatment was found to significantly reduce the values of COD, BOD<SUB>5</SUB> and ADMI by 76%, 82% and 81% considering initial values 1185, 1440mg/L and 950 units, respectively.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Macrophyte <I>S. molesta</I> showed a potential for textile dyes and effluent treatment </LI> <LI> A possible dye degradation pathway of Rubine GFL by <I>S. molesta</I> is proposed </LI> <LI> <I>S. molesta</I> in constructed lagoon treated 52,500L of textile effluent </LI> <LI> Phytotoxicity assay revealed less toxic nature of by-products after treatment </LI> <LI> Anatomical study of stem revealed entry and removal of Rubine GFL </LI> </UL> </P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>

Improving the photovoltaic parameters in Quantum dot sensitized solar cells through employment of chemically deposited compact titania blocking layer

Rajendra Prasad, M.B.,Kadam, Vishal,Joo, Oh-Shim,Pathan, Habib M. Elsevier 2017 Materials chemistry and physics Vol.194 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Incorporation of compact blocking layer at the Transparent Conducting Oxide (TCO)/Electrolyte interface is an effective method to improve the device performance in QDSSC through mitigation of electron recombinations at this interface. This paper reports the most facile and cost effective method of depositing a rutile titania Compact Layer (CL) over Fluorine doped Tin Oxide (FTO) substrate and its application in titania based CdS QD sensitized solar cells. The deposited compact layers are characterized to study their structural, optical, morphological and electrochemical properties using X-Ray Diffractometry, UV–Visible spectroscopy, Scanning electron microscopy, Cyclic Voltammetry and Contact Angle measurements. Sandwich solar cells are fabricated using these CL based electrodes and characterized using Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy, Open Circuit Voltage Decay and J-V characteristics. The CL incorporated CdS QDSSC showed more than 100% increase in the photoconversion efficiency (<B>1.68%</B>) as compared to its bare FTO counterpart (<B>0.73%</B>) proving the efficacy of employed strategy.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Deposited titania compact layer by a facile room temperature chemical bath method. </LI> <LI> Employed this to mitigate back electron transfer at TCO/Electrolyte interface. </LI> <LI> Compact layer incorporation has improved the solar cell performance by 130%. </LI> </UL> </P>

A novel orange-red emitting Ba2Ca(BO3)2:Sm3+ phosphor to fill the amber gap in LEDs: Synthesis, structural and luminescence characterizations

M. Manhas,Vinay Kumar,Vivek K. Singh,J. Sharma,Ram Prakash,Vishal Sharma,A.K. Bedyal,H.C. Swart 한국물리학회 2017 Current Applied Physics Vol.17 No.11

The present paper reports on the structural and luminescent properties of un-doped and Sm3þ doped Ba2Ca(BO3)2 phosphors synthesized by the conventional solid state method. For structural characterizations, the X-ray diffraction, FTIR spectroscopy and Rietveld refinement method were used. The FTIR spectrum was composed of basic BO3 and BO4 structural units of borates. The Sm3þ doped phosphors under 402 nm (6H5/2/4L13/2) excitation, showed an orange red emission corresponding to the 601 nm (4G5/2 / 6H7/2) transition of the Sm3þ ion. An increase in the PL emission intensity was observed up to 2 mol % with the increase in Sm3þ ions concentration. The critical distance between the Sm3þ e Sm3þ ions were found to be 24.36 Å. Moreover, the phosphors decaytime and optical bandgap at different concentration of Sm3þ ion also have been discussed in details. All the results show that Ba2Ca(BO3)2:Sm3þ phosphor may be used with a near ultraviolet (n-UV) chip to fill the amber gap in light emitting diodes (LEDs).

Facile green synthesis of heteroatoms doped Aegle marmelos-derived carbon quantum dots and its tuneable fluorescence characteristics influenced by solvent polarity

Kansay Vishal,Sharma Varun Dutt,Chandan G.,Chakrabarti S.,Bera M. K. 한국탄소학회 2024 Carbon Letters Vol.34 No.3

The detailed understanding of fluorescence emission processes is still unclear. This study demonstrates Aegle marmelos derived luminescent heteroatoms (N, Ca, K) doped carbon quantum dots (CQDs) using an economically and ecologically sustainable synthesis process without the necessity for any doping precursors due to its phytochemical, vitamin and mineral content. Carboxyl functionalization was done by adding lemon juice to the fruit extract. The morphological, physiochemical, compositional, crystallinity, and surface functional groups having heteroatom doped CQDs were analysed by HRTEM, EDX, XPS, XRD, FTIR etc. Besides, CQDs exhibited pH and solvent-dependent tuneable fluorescence characteristics. In fact, beyond pH 7.77, a protonation-deprotonation-driven red-shift was observed together with a decrease in the contribution of prominent peaks. Meanwhile, the features of solvatochromic fluorescence were examined in a range of aprotic and protic solvents with low and high polarity. Based on the studied Kamlet–Taft parameters and the obtained spectroscopic characterizations, a suitable fluorescence emission mechanism is provided. The observed solvatochromic fluorescence is thought to be caused by a combination of dipole moment polarisation, intramolecular charge transfer processes with or without H-bond stabilisation via the interaction of heteroatoms doped CQDs with solvent mediated by electron donation and acceptance from various surface functional groups such as hydroxyl, carboxyl with solvent molecules. Hence, this study is believed to promote the development of eco-tuneable fluorescent heteroatom doped CQDs and provide further insights into the fundamental fluorescence mechanisms, which include the relationship between morphology, surface properties and plausible quantum effects between CQDs and solvents.

Role of concomitant percutaneous pie crusting and local corticosteroid injection in lateral epicondylitis: a prospective, case control study

Amyn M. Rajani,Anmol RS Mittal,Vishal Kulkarni,Khushi Rajani,Kashish Rajani 대한견주관절학회 2023 대한견주관절의학회지 Vol.26 No.1

Background: Lateral epicondylitis is an increasingly debilitating condition in working population. Evidence for conservative treatment modalities has been inconclusive. Percutaneous pie crusting of the common extensor origin at the lateral epicondyle at the time of local corticosteroid injection (CSI) has been proposed sparsely. The objective of this study was to analyze if concomitant CSI and pie-crusting of the common extensor origin provides better outcome than CSI alone in lateral epicondylitis. Methods: This case-control study on 236 patients was conducted at a single center between January 1, 2020, and May 31, 2022. Patients were divided into two groups (n=118 each) based on their preference. Group A underwent CSI alone and group B underwent pie crusting along with CSI. The clinical and functional outcomes of all patients were evaluated at 2, 4, 6, and 12-week post-procedure using the visual analog scale (VAS) and Nirschl score. The mean time for return to daily activities was also compared. Results: Both groups showed significant improvement in post-procedure outcome at successive follow-ups on intragroup longitudinal analysis (VAS: F=558.384 vs. F=1,529.618, Nirschl: F=791.468 vs. F=1,284.951). On intergroup analysis, VAS of group B was superior to that of group A; however, it was statistically significant (P<0.05) only from the 6-week follow-up onwards. Nirschl score of group B was significantly better throughout the period of follow-up (P<0.05). Group B returned to daily activities faster than Group A (6.2±0.44 weeks vs. 7.18±0.76 weeks). Conclusions: Concomitant pie crusting with CSI is recommended for lateral epicondylitis as it provides significantly better results than CSI alone.

Embolization of the Device to the Left Pulmonary Artery after the Interventional Closure of Ruptured Sinus of Valsalva Aneurysm

Lalit Kumar Choudhry,Vinay M Rao,Birla Roy Gnanamuthu,Vishal Agrawal,Ravi Shankar,Ram Prasath 대한흉부외과학회 2015 Journal of Chest Surgery (J Chest Surg) Vol.48 No.3

Formation of an aneurysm in the sinus of Valsalva of the aortic root is usually due to an area of congenital weakness in its wall. This aneurysm may progressively dilate and rupture into any of the cardiac chambers or into the pericardial cavity. Though this is conventionally treated by surgery, interventional therapy using various closure devices is becoming more common. Embolization of these closure devices may occur. We report a case of embolization of such a device into the left pulmonary artery which during surgical retrieval, unmasked the hidden ventricular septal defect (VSD). Therefore one has to be cautious while making a diagnosis of rupture of the sinus of Valsalva of right coronary sinus without VSD.

Automatic Detection and Prediction of Additive Manufacturing Parts Using Machine Learning

Sachin Salunkhe,Ragavanantham Shanmugam,Vishal Naranje,H M A Hussein 한국생산제조학회 2022 한국생산제조시스템학회 학술발표대회 논문집 Vol.2022 No.5

Endovascular treatment for anterior inferior cerebellar artery-posterior inferior cerebellar artery (AICA-PICA) common trunk variant aneurysms: Technical note and literature review

Jerry C. Ku,Vishal Chavda,Paolo Palmisciano,Christopher R. Pasarikovski,Victor X.D. Yang,Ruba Kiwan,Stefano M. Priola,Bipin Chaurasia 대한뇌혈관외과학회 2023 Journal of Cerebrovascular and Endovascular Neuros Vol.25 No.4

The Anterior Inferior Cerebellar Artery-Posterior Inferior Cerebellar Artery (AICA-PICA) common trunk is a rare variant of cerebral posterior circulation in which a single vessel originating from either the basilar or vertebral arteries supplies both cerebellum and brainstem territories. We present the first case of an unruptured right AICA-PICA aneurysm treated with flow diversion using a Shield-enhanced pipeline endovascular device (PED, VANTAGE Embolization Device with Shield Technology, Medtronic, Canada). We expand on this anatomic variant and review the relevant literature.A 39-year-old man presented to our treatment center with vertigo and right hypoacusis. The initial head CT/CTA was negative, but a 4-month follow-up MRI revealed a 9 mm fusiform dissecting aneurysm of the right AICA. The patient underwent a repeat head CTA and cerebral angiogram, which demonstrated the presence of an aneurysm on the proximal portion of an AICA-PICA anatomical variant. This was treated with an endovascular approach that included flow diversion via a PED equipped with Shield Technology. The patient’s post-procedure period was uneventful, and he was discharged home after two days with an intact neurological status. The patient is still asymptomatic after a 7-month follow-up, with MR angiogram evidence of stable aneurysm obliteration and no ischemic lesions.Aneurysms of the AICA-PICA common trunk variants have a high morbidity risk due to the importance and extent of the territory vascularized by a single vessel. Endovascular treatment with flow diversion proved to be both safe and effective in obliterating unruptured cases.

Ethnomedicinal plants used for snakebite in India: a brief overview

Sughosh V. Upasani,Vishal G. Beldar,Anil U. Tatiya,M.S. Upasani,Sanjay J. Surana,Divyata S. Patil 한국한의학연구원 2017 Integrative Medicine Research Vol.6 No.2

The result of human interface and assortment of the most desirable, influential, and successful plant species found in the immediate environment at a precise circumstance is attributable to indigenous knowledge of plant species. India has a rich variety of medicinal plants growing under different geographical and ecological conditions; 1500 out of 15,000 privileged plant species have been reported to have medicinal uses. Snakebite is a severe medical, social, and economic problem in many parts of the world, chiefly in tropical and subtropical nations where majority of the world’s dangerous snakes are found and where access to treatment is limited. In India, a range of medicinal plants are used as antidotes for snakebites, used either singly or in combination with other agents. The present study makes an effort to assemble information on medicinal plants that are grown and used for snakebite treatment in India. From a range of literature sources, data have been compiled with emphasis on the plants, family, parts used, etc., depending on the availability of information. This paper enumerates 523 plant species belonging to 122 families that act as antidotes against snakebites. We believe this study of herbal antidotes against snake venom is of substantial significance to society.