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        Little known Curculigo brevifolia deserves a species rank: evidences from morphological, cytological and molecular data

        Avinash R. Gholave,Asif S. Tamboli,Rohit N. Mane,Ramchandra D. Gore,박재홍,Sayajirao P. Gaikwad 국립중앙과학관 2021 Journal of Asia-Pacific Biodiversity Vol.14 No.4

        The Curculigo brevifolia resurrected here based on morphological, cytological, and molecular phylogeneticanalyses. Curculigo brevifolia morphologically resembles C. orchioides but differs in having bulbils atthe tip of leaves for vegetative reproduction, leaves elongated falcately shaped, beaked fruits. Cytologicalparameters, karyotype formula, total haploid genome length (THL), values of CVCL, MCA also supportedthe distinctness of C. brevifolia and C. orchioides. Phylogenetic analysis based on cpDNA data resulted inthe recognition of three clades and strongly supported the revised systematics of Hypoxidaceae. Theresurrected species nests within the Curculigo clade of Hypoxidaceae and display a close phylogeneticaffinity with newly added Curculigo species and C. orchioides.

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        Efficient decolorization and detoxification of textile industry effluent by <i>Salvinia molesta</i> in lagoon treatment

        Chandanshive, Vishal V.,Rane, Niraj R.,Gholave, Avinash R.,Patil, Swapnil M.,Jeon, Byong-Hun,Govindwar, Sanjay P. Elsevier 2016 Environmental research Vol.150 No.-

        <P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P> <I>Salvinia molesta</I>, an aquatic fern was observed to have a potential of degrading azo dye Rubine GFL up to 97% at a concentration of 100mg/L within 72h using 60±2g of root biomass. Both root as well as stem tissues showed induction in activities of the enzymes such as lignin peroxidase, veratryl alcohol oxidase, laccase, tyrosinase, catalase, DCIP reductase and superoxide dismutase during decolorization of Rubine GFL. FTIR, GC-MS, HPLC and UV–visible spectrophotometric analysis confirmed phytotransformation of the model dye into smaller molecules. Analysis of metabolites revealed breakdown of an azo bond of Rubine GFL by the action of lignin peroxidase and laccase and formation of 2-methyl-4-nitroaniline and N-methylbenzene-1, 4-diamine. Anatomical tracing of dye in the stem of <I>S. molesta</I> confirmed the presence of dye in tissues and subsequent removal after 48h of treatment. The concentration of chlorophyll pigments like chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b and carotenoid was observed during the treatment. Toxicity analysis on seeds of <I>Triticum aestivum</I> and <I>Phaseolus mungo</I> revealed the decreased toxicity of dye metabolites. <I>In situ</I> treatment of a real textile effluent was further monitored in a constructed lagoon of the dimensions of 7m×5m×2m (total surface area 35m<SUP>2</SUP>) using <I>S. molesta</I> for 192h. This large scale treatment was found to significantly reduce the values of COD, BOD<SUB>5</SUB> and ADMI by 76%, 82% and 81% considering initial values 1185, 1440mg/L and 950 units, respectively.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Macrophyte <I>S. molesta</I> showed a potential for textile dyes and effluent treatment </LI> <LI> A possible dye degradation pathway of Rubine GFL by <I>S. molesta</I> is proposed </LI> <LI> <I>S. molesta</I> in constructed lagoon treated 52,500L of textile effluent </LI> <LI> Phytotoxicity assay revealed less toxic nature of by-products after treatment </LI> <LI> Anatomical study of stem revealed entry and removal of Rubine GFL </LI> </UL> </P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>

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        Phytobeds with <i>Fimbristylis dichotoma</i> and <i>Ammannia baccifera</i> for treatment of real textile effluent: An <i>in situ</i> treatment, anatomical studies and toxicity evaluation

        Kadam, Suhas K.,Chandanshive, Vishal V.,Rane, Niraj R.,Patil, Swapnil M.,Gholave, Avinash R.,Khandare, Rahul V.,Bhosale, Amrut R.,Jeon, Byong-Hun,Govindwar, Sanjay P. Elsevier 2018 Environmental research Vol.160 No.-

        <P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P> <I>Fimbristylis dichotoma, Ammannia baccifera</I> and their co-plantation consortium FA independently degraded Methyl Orange, simulated dye mixture and real textile effluent. Wild plants of <I>F. dichotoma</I> and <I>A. baccifera</I> with equal biomass showed 91% and 89% decolorization of Methyl Orange within 60h at a concentration of 50ppm, while 95% dye removal was achieved by consortium FA within 48h. Floating phyto-beds with co-plantation (<I>F. dichotoma</I> and <I>A. baccifera</I>) for the treatment of real textile effluent in a constructed wetland was observed to be more efficient and achieved 79%, 72%, 77%, 66% and 56% reductions in ADMI color value, COD, BOD, TDS and TSS of textile effluent, respectively. HPTLC, GC-MS, FTIR, UV–vis spectroscopy and activated oxido-reductive enzyme activities confirmed the phytotrasformation of parent dye in to new metabolites. T-RFLP analysis of rhizospheric bacteria of <I>F. dichotoma</I>, <I>A. baccifera</I> and consortium FA revealed the presence of 88, 98 and 223 genera which could have been involved in dye removal. Toxicity evaluation of products formed after phytotransformation of Methyl Orange by consortium FA on bivalves <I>Lamellidens marginalis</I> revealed less damage of the gills architecture when analyzed histologically. Toxicity measurement by Random Amplification of Polymorphic DNA (RAPD) technique revealed bivalve DNA banding pattern in treated Methyl Orange sample suggesting less toxic nature of phytotransformed dye products.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> <I>F. dichotoma</I> L. and <I>A. baccifera</I> L. decolorized Methyl Orange and real textile dye effluent. </LI> <LI> Co-plantation of <I>F. dichotoma</I> L. and <I>A. baccifera</I> L. gave more efficient dye removal. </LI> <LI> Possible degradation pathways of Methyl Orange by all three systems are proposed. </LI> <LI> Effluents were treated note-worthily in floating phyto-beds by plants. </LI> <LI> Toxicity study on bivalve revealed less toxic nature of dye products. </LI> </UL> </P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>

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