Response to rearing in laboratory of the xylophagous grape pest, Xylotrechus arvicola (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae)

Álvaro Rodríguez‐González,Sara MAYO,Óscar GONZÁLEZ-LÓPEZ,Horacio J. PELÁEZ,Pedro A. CASQUERO 한국곤충학회 2017 Entomological Research Vol.47 No.4

Xylotrechus arvicola (Olivier) (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae) is an important pest in vineyards (Vitis vinifera) in the main Iberian wine‐producing regions. Larvae were reared with Semi‐Synthetic Iglesias (SSI) diet over 27 months and two generations in the laboratory. Larval mortality was highest during the first (49.49 %) and second (9.38 %) month of rearing, increasing to 50.52 % during the first month if F2 reared larvae were obtained from an F1 adult female obtained in laboratory. The diet had sufficient nutrients to enable the pest to complete its life cycle within nine months, with F1 larval viability ranging from 23.49 % to 27.97 % and F2 larval viability reduced to 2.07 %. However, the diet did not allow for the completion of additional life cycles and generations (F3, F4,…). Larval mortality increased as the months of rearing (66.13 %, 69.51 % and 89.50 %) and generations (59.10 % and 76.93 % in F1 and F2, respectively) progressed in the laboratory. The larva–adult period of females obtained in the laboratory was longer than for males. In the laboratory, the life cycle was shortened in relation to the life cycle in the field because larvae did not require a cold period to break diapause and start pupation. This indicates that X. arvicola has the potential to complete its life cycle inside grape wood in vineyards of wine‐producing regions with warmer winters.

Effects of adults body size and larvae diet on the fecundity and percent fertility of eggs laid by Xylotrechus arvicola (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae) females, insect pest in Spanish vineyards

Álvaro Rodríguez‐González,Horacio J. PELÁEZ,Óscar GONZÁLEZ-LÓPEZ,Sara MAYO,Pedro A. CASQUERO 한국곤충학회 2018 Entomological Research Vol.48 No.2

Xylotrechus arvicola is a pest of grape in some vine‐producing regions of the Iberian Peninsula. Biological parameters and relationships (fecundity and percent fertility of eggs in relationship to body size) of females obtained in the laboratory and captured in vineyards were studied. In laboratory conditions, the mean developmental time of larvae ranged from 384 to 392 days and pupal stage varied between 12 to 14 days. Body size (BS) of X. arvicola females was significantly bigger than males. Fecundity was greater in the laboratory (147 eggs) than in the field (50 eggs) females, but the percent fertility of the laboratory eggs was lower (16 eggs). Laboratory females showed a bigger relationship between the production of eggs and BS than females captured in vineyards. Wild females (PDO Ribera del Duero and Tierra de León) had a positive relationship between the percent fertility of eggs and the BS. No correlation between the percent fertility of eggs and the BS was displayed by females captured in PDO Toro, but these females had a higher percent fertility (53 eggs) than the others PDO's. These biological parameters and relationships studied suggest that the artificial diet may lack certain essential nutrients that vine varieties can provide that favor the fertility of eggs. This explains why wild females have the potential to become a problem pest in the Tempranillo grape variety, with bilateral cordon and bush vines training systems that have the highest incidence of this cerambycid.

Gastronomic satisfaction of the tourist: empirical study in the Creative City of Popayán, Colombia

Pablo Rodríguez-Gutiérrez,Francisco González Santa Cruz,Luz Stella Pemberthy Gallo,Tomás López-Guzmán 한국식품연구원 2020 Journal of Ethnic Foods Vol.7 No.-

Currently, gastronomy is a fundamental element for tourists to discover the culture and traditions of a destination. The transcendence granted to a culinary experience in a specific place can become a fundamental motivation for the visit and determine the level of satisfaction reached. In this research, the relationship between tourism and gastronomy is analysed in the city of Popayán, Colombia, a city that has received recognition from UNESCO as a Creative City of Gastronomy. To do this, we examine the influence of different dimensions of culinary motivation in the satisfaction with gastronomy that is experienced during the visit. In addition, we analyse the role of tourist attitude towards culinary experience in gastronomy satisfaction. The methodology used in this research is based on partial least squares structural equation modelling. The main results indicate that the importance of the culinary experience of the tourist in the choice of the destination mediates the effect that culinary motivations exercise on the satisfaction with the gastronomy.

Vineyard pruning waste as an alternative carbon source to produce novel biosurfactants by Lactobacillus paracasei

X. Vecino,L. Rodríguez-López,E.J. Gudiña,J.M. Cruz,A.B. Moldes,L.R. Rodrigues 한국공업화학회 2017 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.55 No.-

Cellulosic sugars extracted from vineyard pruning waste (VPW) were used as a low-cost carbon source for biosurfactant production by Lactobacillus paracasei. The results obtained showed that when glucose from VPW was used, the biosurfactant was a glycolipopeptide, whereas when it was replaced by lactose the biosurfactant produced was a glycoprotein. Additionally, it was found that the extraction process, either with phosphate-buffer or phosphate-buffer saline, influenced the biosurfactant chemical structure and emulsion capacity. Overall, these results highlight the possibility of producing biosurfactants “à la carte” with the same strain but changing the carbon source, increasing its potential in different industrial applications.

Physical Properties of the Sr4Al6O12SO4 Ceramic Compound

J.A. Rodríguez-García,E. Rocha-Rangel,J. López Hernández,C.A. Hernández Bocanegra,A.L. Leal Cruz,J.M. Almanza Robles,J. Torres Torres 한양대학교 세라믹연구소 2017 Journal of Ceramic Processing Research Vol.18 No.11

The Sr4Al6O12SO4 ceramic compound was synthesized by a solid state reaction starting from stoichiometric mixtures of 3 : 3 : 1 molar ratio of reactive grade of SrCO3, Al2O3 and SrSO4, respectively. Cylindrical samples were confirmed by uniaxial pressing at 100 MPa and were heat treated at 1400 oC during 4 hrs. Subsequently, the samples were ground and re-conformed in cylindrical shape samples by uniaxial pressing at 300 MPa. The new samples were heat treated at 1400 oC during 24 hrs. This process was done in order to increase density of the samples. The Sr4Al6O12SO4 ceramic compound was characterized by the study of its physical properties such as: density, micro-hardness, thermal expansion and stability, enthalpy of formation, magnetic properties and electrical conductivity. Experimental results show that the maximum density obtained for the Sr4Al6O12SO4 ceramic compound was 2.913 grcm−3, with thermal expansion coefficient of 10.12E−06(oC−1); it also presents an enthalpy of 2.3 KJmol-1 and an excellent thermal stability at elevated temperatures in different atmospheres. In addition, the Sr4Al6O12SO4 ceramic compound is neither electrically conductive nor magnetic.

Pressure-assisted combustion synthesis of red-emitting SrIn₂O₄: Eu3+ phosphor powders for applications in solid state white lamps

C.E. Rodríguez-García,N. Perea-López,S.P. DenBaars,G.A. Hirata 한양대학교 세라믹연구소 2008 Journal of Ceramic Processing Research Vol.9 No.5

Red-emitting phosphor powders of SrIn2O4 activated with Eu3+ ions were synthesized by a high pressure assisted combustion method. X-ray diffraction analysis of the crystalline properties of these powders revealed single phase SrIn2O4 for Eu concentrations up to 4 atomic % of Eu. The photo and cathodoluminescence emission spectra of SrIn2O4: Eu3+ powder shows bright red emission mainly caused by the 5D0→7F2 intra-shell transition of Eu3+. Furthermore, photoluminescence excitation (PLE) spectroscopy revealed that an efficient energy transfer from the SrIn2O4 host lattice onto the Eu ions is accomplished in addition to the excitation band peaked at λ = 396 nm that directly excites the Eu ions, making this material an excellent candidate for applications in solid state white-emitting lamps. Red-emitting phosphor powders of SrIn2O4 activated with Eu3+ ions were synthesized by a high pressure assisted combustion method. X-ray diffraction analysis of the crystalline properties of these powders revealed single phase SrIn2O4 for Eu concentrations up to 4 atomic % of Eu. The photo and cathodoluminescence emission spectra of SrIn2O4: Eu3+ powder shows bright red emission mainly caused by the 5D0→7F2 intra-shell transition of Eu3+. Furthermore, photoluminescence excitation (PLE) spectroscopy revealed that an efficient energy transfer from the SrIn2O4 host lattice onto the Eu ions is accomplished in addition to the excitation band peaked at λ = 396 nm that directly excites the Eu ions, making this material an excellent candidate for applications in solid state white-emitting lamps.

Antivirulence Activity of a Dietary Phytochemical: Hibiscus Acid Isolated from Hibiscus sabdariffa L. Reduces the Virulence of Pseudomonas aeruginosa in a Mouse Infection Model

Humberto Cortes-López,Javier Castro-Rosas,Rodolfo García-Contreras,José Salud Rodríguez-Zavala,Bertha González-Pedrajo,Miguel Díaz-Guerrero,Javier Hernández-Morales,Naybi Muñoz-Cazares,Marcos Soto-Her 한국식품영양과학회 2021 Journal of medicinal food Vol.24 No.9

Hibiscus sabdariffa L. (Hs) calyxes, rich in organic acids, are included in diets in different countries. In recent years, some phytochemicals have been shown to reduce bacterial virulence at sublethal concentrations by interfering with quorum sensing (QS) systems. Therefore, in this study the antivirulence properties of Hs calyxes and two γ-lactones (hibiscus acid [HA] and its methyl ester) in Pseudomonas aeruginosa were analyzed. Acetone and methanol extracts of Hs showed anti-QS activity by inhibiting violacein production (60% to 80% with 250 μg/mL). In molecular docking analysis, the γ-lactones registered a good binding score, which suggests strong interaction with the active site of LasR protein. To verify their effect in vitro, they were isolated from Hs and evaluated in six QS-regulated phenotypes, as well as in ExoU toxin that is released by the type III secretion system (T3SS). At 500 μg/mL they reduced alkaline protease (29–52%) and elastase (15–37%) activity, biofilm formation (∼75%), and swarming (50%), but there was no effect on pyocyanin production, hemolytic activity, or type III secretion. In a mouse abscess/necrosis model, HA at sublethal concentrations (15 and 31.2 μg/mL) affected infection establishment and prevented damage and systemic spread. In conclusion, HA is the first molecule identified with antivirulence properties in Hs with the potential to prevent infections caused by P. aeruginosa.

Determination of the activation energy for densification of porcelain stoneware

Simón Yobanny Reyes López,Juan Serrato Rodríguez,Satoshi Sugita Sueyoshi 한양대학교 세라믹연구소 2011 Journal of Ceramic Processing Research Vol.12 No.3

Experimental porcelain stoneware has been formed by slip casting and sintered by rate controlled dilatometry. Shrinkage has been measured at various constant heating rates up to 1300 oC by dilatometry. A kinetic field for stoneware firing has been set up by connecting points of equal density on the sintering rate curves to determine the activation energy for densification and to calculate optimum firing cycles. The activation energy for densification has been calculated from the slope of the isodensity curves. It has been observed that the activation energy increases with progressive sintering i.e. 470-497 kJ/mol for the intermediate sintering stage (1100-1225 oC) accounting for most of the densification. The abrupt shrinkage and low activation energy values during the intermediate sintering stage suggest a viscous flow mechanism of densification. The final sintering stage responsible for a reduced densification rate showed a lower 313 kJ/mol activation energy.

Systematic Design of High-Resolution High-Frequency Cascade Continuous-Time Sigma-Delta Modulators

Ramón Tortosa,Rafael Castro-López,Elisenda Roca,Ángel Rodríguez-Vázquez,F.V. Fernández 한국전자통신연구원 2008 ETRI Journal Vol.30 No.4

This paper introduces a systematic top-down and bottom-up design methodology to assist the designer in the implementation of continuous-time (CT) cascade sigmadelta (ΣΔ) modulators. The salient features of this methodology are (a) flexible behavioral modeling for optimum accuracy-efficiency trade-offs at different stages of the top-down synthesis process, (b) direct synthesis in the continuous-time domain for minimum circuit complexity and sensitivity, (c) mixed knowledge-based and optimization-based architectural exploration and specification transmission for enhanced circuit performance, and (d) use of Pareto-optimal fronts of building blocks to reduce re-design iterations. The applicability of this methodology will be illustrated via the design of a 12-bit 20 MHz CT ΣΔ modulator in a 1.2 V 130 nm CMOS technology.

Simulation of Cryo-cooling to Improve Super Alloys Cutting Tools

Octavio Pereira,Adrián Rodríguez,Amaia Calleja-Ochoa,Ainhoa Celaya,Luis Norberto López de Lacalle,Asier Fernández-Valdivielso,Haizea González 한국정밀공학회 2022 International Journal of Precision Engineering and Vol.9 No.1

Improve machining processes from an environmental point of view is a hot topic currently. In this line, cryogenics CO 2 is presented as a solution to substitute conventional oil emulsions. However, to be applied industrially, it is needed to control CO 2 flow rate with the aim of reducing CO 2 consumption to reach what it is known as ECO 2 -performance (economy + ecology). Then, despite currently CO 2 cooling technique is used as external coolant, it is needed to improve its use—especially in milling processes—for achieving this goal. In line with this, in this paper is presented the use of CO 2 as tool internal coolant as a solution to optimize its use. For checking its suitability, a study based on computer fluid dynamics with a new cryogenic tool channels design and experimental tests were carried out for analyzing the differences between using CO 2 as internal and external coolant with the aim of improving the use of cryogenic gases during Inconel 718 milling processes. The results show that the use of CO 2 as internal coolant improves the current milling process not only from environmental point of view but also economic and technical, bringing CO 2 cryogenic technology closer to industrial milling conditions.