T-DNA insertion mutants of Arabidopsis DA1 orthologous genes displayed altered plant height and yield-related traits in rice (O. sativa L.)

Shim Kyu-Chan,Luong Ngoc Ha,Tai Thomas H.,Lee Gyu-Ri,Ahn Sang-Nag,Park Inkyu 한국유전학회 2024 Genes & Genomics Vol.46 No.4

Background The Arabidopsis DA1 gene is a key player in the regulation of organ and seed development. To extend our understanding of its functional counterparts in rice, this study investigates the roles of orthologous genes, namely DA1, HDR3, HDR3.1, and the DA2 ortholog GW2, through the analysis of T-DNA insertion mutants. Objective The aim of this research is to elucidate the impact of T-DNA insertions in DA1, HDR3, HDR3.1, and GW2 on agronomic traits in rice. By evaluating homozygous plants, we specifically focus on key parameters such as plant height, tiller number, days to heading, and grain size. Methods T-DNA insertion locations were validated using PCR, and subsequent analyses were conducted on homozygous plants. Agronomic traits, including plant height, tiller number, days to heading, and grain size, were assessed. Additionally, leaf senescence assays were performed under dark incubation conditions to gauge the impact of T-DNA insertions on this physiological aspect. Results The study revealed distinctive phenotypic outcomes associated with T-DNA insertions in HDR3, HDR3.1, GW2, and DA1. Specifically, HDR3 and HDR3.1 mutants exhibited significantly reduced plant height and smaller grain size, while GW2 and DA1 mutants displayed a notable increase in both plant height and grain size compared to the wild type variety Dongjin. Leaf senescence assays further indicated delayed leaf senescence in hdr3.1 mutants, contrasting with slightly earlier leaf senescence observed in hdr3 mutants under dark incubation. Conclusions The findings underscore the pivotal roles of DA1 orthologous genes in rice, shedding light on their significance in regulating plant growth and development. The observed phenotypic variations highlight the potential of these genes as targets for crop improvement strategies, offering insights that could contribute to the enhancement of agronomic traits in rice and potentially other crops. Background The Arabidopsis DA1 gene is a key player in the regulation of organ and seed development. To extend our understanding of its functional counterparts in rice, this study investigates the roles of orthologous genes, namely DA1, HDR3, HDR3.1, and the DA2 ortholog GW2, through the analysis of T-DNA insertion mutants. Objective The aim of this research is to elucidate the impact of T-DNA insertions in DA1, HDR3, HDR3.1, and GW2 on agronomic traits in rice. By evaluating homozygous plants, we specifically focus on key parameters such as plant height, tiller number, days to heading, and grain size. Methods T-DNA insertion locations were validated using PCR, and subsequent analyses were conducted on homozygous plants. Agronomic traits, including plant height, tiller number, days to heading, and grain size, were assessed. Additionally, leaf senescence assays were performed under dark incubation conditions to gauge the impact of T-DNA insertions on this physiological aspect. Results The study revealed distinctive phenotypic outcomes associated with T-DNA insertions in HDR3, HDR3.1, GW2, and DA1. Specifically, HDR3 and HDR3.1 mutants exhibited significantly reduced plant height and smaller grain size, while GW2 and DA1 mutants displayed a notable increase in both plant height and grain size compared to the wild type variety Dongjin. Leaf senescence assays further indicated delayed leaf senescence in hdr3.1 mutants, contrasting with slightly earlier leaf senescence observed in hdr3 mutants under dark incubation. Conclusions The findings underscore the pivotal roles of DA1 orthologous genes in rice, shedding light on their significance in regulating plant growth and development. The observed phenotypic variations highlight the potential of these genes as targets for crop improvement strategies, offering insights that could contribute to the enhancement of agronomic traits in rice and potentially other crops.

The Pear Black Necrotic Leaf Spot Disease Virus Transmitted by Talaromyces flavus Displays Pathogenicity Similar to Apple stem grooving virus Strains

Shim Hye-Kyung,Hwang Kyu-Hyon,Shim Chang-Ki,Son Su-Wan,Kim Dong-Giun,Choi Yong-Mun,Chung Young-Jae,Kim Dae-Hyun,Jee Hyeong-Jin,Lee Suk-Chan The Korean Society of Plant Pathology 2006 Plant Pathology Journal Vol.22 No.3

The pathogenicity to pear trees and other experimental hosts of the Apple stem grooving virus Korean isolate (ASGV-K) carried by a fungal vector, Talaromyces flavus was examined. ASGV-harboring T. flavus induced mild symptoms on virus-free pears. Symptom severity was intermediate between pears showing typical PBNLS and virus-free pears. Ten cultivars of Phaseolus vulgaris showed 35%-90% infectivity by direct infiltration into leaves and roots by ASGV-harboring T. flavus. Application of fungal cultures to soils showed 0%-70% infectivity depending on the P. vulgaris cultivar. Sap extracted from ASGV-infected Chenopodium quinoa induced similar symptoms on P. vulgaris at 25 days after inoculation. Similar symptoms were also detected on P. vulgaris which were inoculated with ASGV-harboring T.flavus. When healthy P. vulgaris leaves were challenged with sap extracted from P. vulgaris leaves infected with ASGV-harboring T. flavus, typical symptoms were observed. These data suggest that T. flavus mediates the transfer of ASGV to host plants.

Ecopathological Analysis of Apple stem grooving virus-K Harboring Talaromyces flavus

Shim Hye-Kyung,Hwang Kyu-Hyon,Shim Chang-Ki,Hong Seung-Beom,Son Su-Wan,Kim Dong-Giun,Choi Yong-Mun,Chung Young-Jae,Kim Dae-Hyun,Jee Hyeong-Jin,Lee Suk-Chan The Korean Society of Plant Pathology 2006 Plant Pathology Journal Vol.22 No.3

Pear black necrotic leaf spot (PBNLS) on pear trees (Pyrus pyrifolia) is caused by a Korean isolate of Apple stem grooving virus (ASGV-K). Yellow spots were detected in Phaseolus vulgaris (kidney bean) and Chenopodium quinoa which were grown near the diseased pears in year 2000 through 2003. The ASGV-K, the causative agent of PBNLS, was detected from the symptoms of the diseased kidney bean plant and C. quinoa. ASGV-harboring fungi were also isolated from symptomatic plants and from soils surrounding the infected plants. The ASGV-harboring fungus was identified and characterized as Talaromyces flavus. Ecopathological studies showed that the number of ASGV-harboring fungi on the pear leaves was not correlated with differences in temperature or severity of symptoms. Additionally, there was no difference in fungus frequency among the orchard locations or different host plants. Although the frequency of fungi isolated from the soil was not affected by changes in temperature or location, the fungi occurred at higher densities in the rhizosphere than in the plants themselves.

Molecular Characterization of Apple stem grooving virus Isolated from Talaromyces flavus

Shim Hye-Kyung,Hwang Kyu-Hyon,Shim Chang-Ki,Son Su-Wan,Kim Dong-Giun,Choi Yong-Mun,Chung Young-Jae,Kim Dae-Hyun,Jee Hyeong-Jin,Lee Suk-Chan The Korean Society of Plant Pathology 2006 Plant Pathology Journal Vol.22 No.3

Talaromyces flavus mediates the transmission of Apple stem grooving virus (ASGV) to several host plants. The ASGV-F carried by T.flavus was partially purified from the fungus. Based on sequence analysis and homology searches, this is closely related to other ASGV strains isolated from host plants. The partially purified viral coat protein (CP) was separated on a 12% SDS-polyacrylamide gel and analyzed by Western blotting with an ASGV anti-serum. A single band at 28 kDa reacted with the ASGV anti-serum. The deduced amino acid sequence of the ORF-l showed conserved domains, including an NTP-binding helicase motif, GFAGSGKT. The amino acid sequences of the helicase and CP showed strong homology to other ASGV strains (98%). All ASGV isolated from plants and fungi had salt bridges composed of the CP and the GFAGSGKT motif of the helicase, which are commonly conserved in plant viruses. These results suggest that ASGV-F is one of ASGV strains isolated from T.flavus based on sequence similarity as well as the serological analysis of CP.

EXPECTATION OF RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN THE EFFECT OF EXERCISE TO SD RATS’ COGNITIVE ABILITY DEVELOPMENT AND NEURONAL OSCILLATION’S CHANGE

Kyu-Jin Shim,Chan-Shin Kang,Jong-Hee Chung,Hyun-Su Do 국제과학영재학회 2012 APEC Youth Scientist Journal Vol.4 No.-

Exercise has previously been shown to have positive effects on cognitive function; Cognitive function is known as having close relationship with specific Neuronal oscillation. Based on preceding researches, the current study examined the effect of exercise on the cognitive functions - learning, spatial memory and decision making process from the memory - with specially designed multi T-maze to escape from it with shorter time duration by memory. Besides different time decreases, the brain wave was collected during the maze task for analysis in such alteration of neuronal oscillation. As a result, we found that (1) the decrease in the time duration for escaping maze had statically significance and (2) some interesting neuronal oscillations related to cognitive function from previous researches were discovered. Thus we could conclude that exercise affects the development of spatial memory and task-solving ability and the neuronal oscillations on cognitive function.

Poster Session : PS 1062; Gastroenterology (Gastrointestinal Tract) ; Antral Deformity Matters: Risk Factors for Pyloric Stricture after Endoscopic Submucosal Dissection

( Kyu Yeon Hahn ),( Hyun Jik Lee ),( Chan Hyuk Park ),( Eun Hye Kim ),( Chung Nam Shim ),( Hyun Soo Jung ),( Hyuk Lee ),( Sung Kwan Shin ),( Sang Kil Lee ),( Yong Chan Lee ),( Jun Chul Park ) 대한내과학회 2014 대한내과학회 추계학술대회 Vol.2014 No.1

Background: Post-endoscopic resection stricture is one of delayed complications of endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD). Therefore, it is important to be aware of risk factors of stricture before performing ESD. Because early interventions including endoscopic balloon dilatation or local steroid injection is necessary to prevent severe stricture. The aim of this study is to determine the clinical factors associated with pyloric stricture after ESD in gastric neoplasm and risk factors of post-ESD stricture. Methods: A total 150 gastric neoplasms at prepylorus and pylorus treated by ESD between 2007 and 2012 at a single institution were reviewed. Post-ESD stricture which could not be passed by a standard endoscope was treated with endoscopic balloon dilation. Results: Antral deformity and sub-circumferential resection over 75% of the circumference are independent risk factors for post-endoscopic resection stricture and balloon dilation at prepylorus and pylorus. Eleven patients were received endoscopic balloon dilation (7. 2%) for treatment of post-ESD stricture. All 11 patients were successfully treated by endoscopic balloon dilation. Signifi cant differences between non balloon dilation group and dilation group were found in age (67. 4±10. 3 years vs. 73. 6±6. 0 years), pretreatment antral deformity (46. 4% vs. 81. 8%), tumor size (10. 8±5. 9mm vs. 23. 5±17. 5mm), the proportion of extension to the whole circumference of the lumen (=3/4: 90. 6% vs. 45. 5%, >3/4: 9. 4% vs. 54. 5%) and tumor location (anterior wall: 33. 6% vs. 9. 1%, greater curve: 15. 7% vs. 54. 5%). Multivariate analysis revealed that pretreatment antral deformity (odds ratio [OR]:10. 787; 95% confi dence interval [CI]:1. 235-94. 226, p=0. 031) and circumferential extension of > 3/4 (OR: 1. 121; 95% CI: 4. 041-1. 207. p=0. 003) were independent risk factors for post-endoscopic resection stricture. Conclusions:Antral deformity and sub-circumferential resection over 75% of the circumference are independent risk factors for post-endoscopic resection stricture and balloon dilation at prepylorus and pylorus.

사과 성숙 및 저장중 향기성분의 변화 : 제1보 . 과실 성숙중 향기성분의 동정(同定) 및 정량(定量) Part Ⅰ. Identification and Determination of Volatiles in the Fruits

심기환,박석규,손태화,김명찬,강신권 한국농화학회 1984 Applied Biological Chemistry (Appl Biol Chem) Vol.27 No.1

Volatiles from Mallus pumila Miller Var. Fuji, Ralls Janet and Jonathan during maturity were examined. The volatiles of apples were collected by the headspace trapping method using. Tenax GC and identified by gas liquid chromatography and GC-mass spectrometry. Among over 34 GLC peaks, 23 esters, 9 alcohols and 2 aldehydes were identified. The quantity of volatiles produced was increased in proportion to the degree of maturity, and 1-butanol, isobutyl butyrate, 2-pentanol, ethyl valerate and hexanal were major.

Carrier-free nanoparticles of cathepsin B-cleavable peptide-conjugated doxorubicin prodrug for cancer targeting therapy

Shim, Man Kyu,Park, Jooho,Yoon, Hong Yeol,Lee, Sangmin,Um, Wooram,Kim, Jong-Ho,Kang, Sun-Woong,Seo, Joung-Wook,Hyun, Soo-Wang,Park, Jae Hyung,Byun, Youngro,Kwon, Ick Chan,Kim, Kwangmeyung Elsevier 2019 Journal of controlled release Vol.294 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Cancer nanomedicine using nanoparticle-based delivery systems has shown outstanding promise in recent decades for improving anticancer treatment. However, limited targeting efficiency, low drug loading efficiency and innate toxicity of nanoparticles have caused severe problems, leaving only a few available in the clinic. Here, we newly developed carrier-free nanoparticles of cathepsin B-cleavable peptide (Phe-Arg-Arg-Gly; FRRG)-conjugated doxorubicin (DOX) prodrug (FRRG-DOX) that formed a stable nanoparticle structure with an average diameter of 213 nm in aqueous condition. The carrier-free nanoparticles of FRRG-DOX induced cytotoxicity against cathepsin B-overexpressed tumor cells whereas the toxicity was minimized in normal cells. In particular, the FRRG-DOX nanoparticles showed the successful tumor-targeting ability and enhanced therapeutic efficiency in human colon adenocarcinoma (HT-29) tumor-bearing mice <I>via</I> enhanced permeation and retention (EPR) effect. Furthermore, FRRG-DOX nanoparticles did not present any severe toxicity, such as non-specific cell death and cardiac toxicity, in normal tissues due to minimal expression of cathepsin B. This carrier-free nanoparticles of FRRG-DOX can solve the unavoidable problems of current nanomedicine, such as lower targeting efficiency, toxicity of nanoparticles themselves, and difficulty in mass production that are fatally caused by natural and synthetic nano-sized carriers.</P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>

Characterization of a QTL associated with chlorophyll content using progeny from an interspecific cross in rice (Oryza Sativa L.)

Shim Kyu-Chan,Luong Ngoc Ha,Kim Sun Ha,Jeon Yun-A,Lu Xin,Ahn Sang-Nag 한국작물학회 2017 한국작물학회 학술발표대회 논문집 Vol.2017 No.-

갑상선환자에서의 5분 99mTc - Pertechnetate 섭취율과 방사성옥소섭취율의 상관관계

이찬우(Chan Woo Lee),원규장(Kyu Chang Won),윤현대(Hyun Dae Yoon),조인호(In Ho Cho),김태년(Tae Nyeun Kim),신동구(Dong Gu Shin),이형우(Hyoung Woo Lee),심봉섭(Bong Sup Shim),이현우(Hyun Woo Lee) 대한핵의학회 1992 핵의학 분자영상 Vol.26 No.2

N/A The 20-minute Tc-99m-pertechnetate uptake became readily available for routine use and it replaced 131I for thyroid imaging. However measuring thyroid uptake during a 5-minute minimizes pertechnetate uptake by the salivary glands and presence of contaminated saliva from those glands in to the pharynx and esophagus. A study was carried out to determine the suitability of the utility of a 5-minute and 20-minute interval from administration of Tc-99m-pertechnetate to imaging and uptake measurement as a replacement for the 24 hour standard originally established with 131I, and to evaluate the relationship between 5-minute Tc-99m-pertechnetate uptake and other thyroid functions. A 5-minute and 20-minute uptake of Tc-99m-pertechnetate were measured in 70 patients with thyroid disease at Yeungnam University Hospital from March 1, 1991 to Feb. 29, 1992. The results were as follows. 1) The 5-minute Tc-99m-pertechnetate uptake in Graves' disease, Hashimoto's thyroiditis, simple goiter non toxic nodular goiter, subacute thyroiditis and euthyroid were 18.2%, 14.6%, 2.8%, 3.2%, 1.2% and 1.1%, respectively. There was a significant difference between the mean of the euthyroid group and the mean of the Graves' disease. So differenciation between them can be easily made. 2) The 5 minute Tc-99m- pertechnetate thyroid uptake was well correlated with 24 hour 131I thyroid uptake (r=0.75, p〈0.001). These data provided an equation for estimating the 24 hour uptake of iodide given the 5 minute pertechnetate uptake: Estimated 24-hour 131I thyroid Uptake = 7.188*ln (5 minute Tc-99m- Pertechnetate uptake)+16.94 3) The 20-minute Tc-99m-pertechnetate thyroid uptake was well correlated with 24-hour 131I uptake (r=0.72, p〈0.001) and 5-minute Tc-99m-pertechnetate thyroid uptake (r=0.96, p〈0.001). 4) In the Graves' disease, The 5-minute Tc-99m-pertechnetate thyroid uptake was well correlated with serum T3-resin uptake (r=0.46, p〈0.01), serum total T3 (r=0.55, p〈0.05), serum total T4 (r=0.46, p〈0.05). These results suggest that 5-minute Tc-99m- pertechnetate thyroid uptake has been found at least as useful as 24-hour 131I uptake for diagnostic confirmation at our hosptial, the logistical advantages of completing the diagnosis. The exam in 5-minutes led us to abandon the 24-hour study in the majority of patients, but the 24-hour 131I uptake is still obtained in patients with planned or potential radioiodine therapy.