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Performance of Low-Operating Voltage P3HT-Based Thin-Film Transistors with Anodized Ta2O5 Insulator
Jae Yong Seong,Kwan Soo Chung,Dae Gyu Moon,Jeong In Han,Sung Kwan Kwak,Won Keun Kim,Yong Hoon Kim 한국물리학회 2004 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.45 No.3
Polymer thin-lm transistors (TFTs) that use Ta2O5 gate insulator were fabricated on plastic substrates. The Ta2O5 gate insulator was prepared by anodizing a Ta gate electrode. Ta2O5 has a much larger relative dielectric constant (" = 20 28) compared with conventional gate insulators, and it enables the polymer TFTs to operate at a lower voltage than previous devices. Poly-3- hexylthiophene (P3HT) was used as semiconducting material in the transistors. P3HT deposited by the micro-contact printing process, which uses a silicon elastomer stamp, enables the patterning of polymer layers without any photo-engraving process (PEP). The polymer FETs exhibited a eld-eect mobility of 8.1 0.5 cm2/Vs and a current on/o ratio of 102 103. Furthermore, in this paper, we discuss the properties of the dielectric material as well as the P3HT-based organic transistors with a Ta2O5 gate insulator.
The current capacity and quality of colonoscopy in Korea
Jae Ho Choi,차재명,Jin Young Yoon,Min Seob Kwak,Jung Won Jeon,Hyun Phil Shin 대한장연구학회 2019 Intestinal Research Vol.17 No.1
Background/Aims: Little is known for the capacity and quality of colonoscopy, and adherence to colonoscopy surveillance guidelines in Korea. This study aimed to investigate the present and potential colonoscopic capacity, colonoscopic quality, and adherence to colonoscopy surveillance guidelines in Korea. Methods: We surveyed representative endoscopists of 72 endoscopy units from June to August 2015, using a 36-item questionnaire regarding colonoscopic capacity, quality, and adherence to colonoscopy surveillance guidelines of each hospitals. Results: Among the 62 respondents who answered the questionnaire, 51 respondents were analyzed after exclusion of 11 incomplete answers. Only 1 of 3 of endoscopy units can afford to perform additional colonoscopies in addition to current practice, and the potential maximum number of colonoscopies per week was only 42. The quality of colonoscopy was variable as reporting of quality indicators of colonoscopy were considerably variable (29.4%–94.1%) between endoscopy units. Furthermore, there are substantial gaps in the adherence to colonoscopy surveillance guidelines, as concordance rate for guideline recommendation was less than 50% in most scenarios. Conclusions: The potential capacity and quality of colonoscopy in Korea was suboptimal. Considering suboptimal reporting of colonoscopic quality indicators and low adherence rate for colonoscopy surveillance guidelines, quality improvement of colonoscopy should be underlined in Korea. (Intest Res 2019;17:119-126)
( Jae Ku Oem ),( Eun Yong Lee ),( Jae Won Byun ),( Ha Young Kim ),( Dong Mi Kwak ),( Hee Jong Song ),( Byeong Yeal Jung ) 한국가축위생학회 2012 韓國家畜衛生學會誌 Vol.35 No.2
Blood samples were collected from 672 goats in 60 farms from five provinces of Korea between November 2009 and August 2011. The prevalence of antibodies to pestiviruses was investigated. The examination for antibodies was performed using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) detecting antibodies to the bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) and border disease virus (BDV). All blood samples were screened using reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) with primer pairs specific to common pestivirus genome regions. The observed individual seroprevalence was 1.49% and herd seroprevalence was 11.67%. Also, the specific genomes to pestiviruses were detected in 3 out of the 915 clinical samples (0.45%). Based on the nucleotide sequence data, detected pestiviruses were belonged to two BVDV type-1 and one BVDV type-2. The pestivirus infection has been occurred among Korean black goats. However, our results indicate that the prevalence of pestiviruses in black goats was not significantly higher on farms with cattle.
Kwak, Eun-Young,Shim, Won-Sik,Chang, Ji-Eun,Chong, Saeho,Kim, Dae-Duk,Chung, Suk-Jae,Shim, Chang-Koo Informa Healthcare 2012 Xenobiotica Vol.42 No.7
<OL><LI><P>The phenomenon known as multiple-drug resistance, whereby anti-cancer agents are expelled from cancer cells, makes it necessary to develop methods that will reliably increase the accumulation of anti-cancer agents within cancer cells. To accomplish this goal, a new model compound, Val-SN-38, was synthesized by introducing valine to SN-38, an active ingredient of irinotecan.</P></LI><LI><P>Val-SN-38 improved intracellular accumulation approximately 5-fold in MCF7 cells, compared with SN-38, and rather than changes in membrane permeability, the amino acid transporter <I>ATB</I><SUP><I>0,+</I></SUP> played a role, whereas the dipeptide transporter <I>PEPT1</I> did not. Other sodium-dependent amino acid transporters, namely <I>ATA1</I>, <I>ATA2</I>, and <I>ASCT2</I>, were unexpectedly involved in the uptake of Val-SN-38 as well. The efflux of Val-SN-38 by major efflux transporters was variably changed, but not significantly.</P></LI><LI><P>In summary, the enhanced accumulation of Val-SN-38 in cancer cells was due to augmented uptake via various amino acid transporters. The results of the present study make a compelling argument in favour of a prodrug concept that can improve intracellular accumulation and take advantage of amino acid transporters without significantly inducing multiple-drug resistance.</P></LI></OL>
Real-World National Colonoscopy Volume in Korea: A Nationwide Population-Based Study over 12 Years
Jae Myung Cha,Min Seob Kwak,Hyun-Soo Kim,Su Young Kim,Sohee Park,Geun U Park,Jung Kuk Lee,Soo Jin Kim,Hun Hee Lee,Joo Sung Kim,Won Ho Kim,Big Data Research Group of the Korean Society of Gastroenterol 거트앤리버 소화기연관학회협의회 2020 Gut and Liver Vol.14 No.3
Background/Aims: Little is known about the national colonoscopy volume in Asian countries. This study aimed to assess the national colonoscopy volume in Korea over a 12-year period on the basis of a nationwide population-based database. Methods: We conducted a population-based study for colonoscopy claims (14,511,158 colonoscopies performed on 13,219,781 patients) on the basis of the Korean National Health Insurance Service database from 2002 to 2013. The 12-year national colonoscopy burden was analyzed according to patient age, patient sex, and healthcare facility type. Results: The overall volume of colonoscopy increased 8-fold over the 12-year period. The annual colonoscopic polypectomy rate significantly increased in all patient sex and age groups over the 12-years period (all p<0.001). The yearly colonoscopic polypectomy rate for men was significantly increased compared with that for women (2.3% vs 1.7%, p<0.001) and for the screening-age group compared with that for the young-age group (2.0% vs 1.6%, p<0.001). The yearly colonoscopic polypectomy rate relative to the total colonoscopy volume significantly increased in primary, secondary, and tertiary facilities by 2.4%, 1.9%, and 1.4% during the 12-year period (all p<0.001). In addition, the annual colonoscopy volume covered by high-volume facilities significantly increased by 1.8% in primary healthcare facilities over the 12-year period (p<0.001). Conclusions: Healthcare resources should be prioritized to allow adequate colonoscopic capacity, especially for men, individuals in the screening-age group, and at primary healthcare facilities. Cost-effective strategies to improve the quality of colonoscopy may focus on primary healthcare facilities and high-volume facilities in Korea.
Anticancer activity of streptochlorin, a novel antineoplastic agent, in cholangiocarcinoma
Kwak, Tae Won,Shin, Hee Jae,Jeong, Young-Il,Han, Myoung-Eun,Oh, Sae-Ock,Kim, Hyun-Jung,Kim, Do Hyung,Kang, Dae Hwan Dove Medical Press 2015 Drug design, development and therapy Vol.9 No.-
<P><B>Background</B></P><P>The aim of this study is to investigate the anticancer activity of streptochlorin, a novel antineoplastic agent, in cholangiocarcinoma.</P><P><B>Methods</B></P><P>The anticancer activity of streptochlorin was evaluated in vitro in various cholangiocarcinoma cell lines for apoptosis, proliferation, invasiveness, and expression of various protein levels. A liver metastasis model was prepared by splenic injection of HuCC-T1 cholangiocarcinoma cells using a BALB/c nude mouse model to study the systemic antimetastatic efficacy of streptochlorin 5 mg/kg at 8 weeks. The antitumor efficacy of subcutaneously injected streptochlorin was also assessed using a solid tumor xenograft model of SNU478 cells for 22 days in the BALB/c nude mouse.</P><P><B>Results</B></P><P>Streptochlorin inhibited growth and secretion of vascular endothelial growth factor by cholangiocarcinoma cells in a dose-dependent manner and induced apoptosis in vitro. In addition, streptochlorin effectively inhibited invasion and migration of cholangiocarcinoma cells. Secretion of vascular endothelial growth factor and activity of matrix metalloproteinase-9 in cholangiocarcinoma cells were also suppressed by treatment with streptochlorin. Streptochlorin effectively regulated metastasis of HuCC-T1 cells in a mouse model of liver metastasis. In a tumor xenograft study using SNU478 cells, streptochlorin significantly inhibited tumor growth without changes in body weight when compared with the control.</P><P><B>Conclusion</B></P><P>These results reveal that streptochlorin is a promising chemotherapeutic agent to the treatment of cholangiocarcinoma.</P>