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최정태,안무업,안희철,최영미,정재봉,서정열,유기철,이삼우,박석현,조준휘,김성환,김아진,송근정 대한응급의학회 2001 대한응급의학회지 Vol.12 No.4
Purpose : This study was conducted to develop field triage, transportation, distribution, and prehospital care at a fire disaster by analyzing the victims of the fore that broke out at a bar in Incheon. Method : We analyzed the cases of the victims of a fire in Incheon in Oct. 1999. We determined the primary care hospital, the arrival time, the burn size, the outcome, and the injury type from the medical records, the concerned organ records, and interviews with concerned persons. Result : The total number of victims was 137: 56 prehospital deaths, 1 hospital death, and 80 survivals. The Pearson correlation coefficient between the burn size and the severity was -0.175. There were 121(89.6%) cases of inhalation injury, 59 (43.7%) cases of flame burns, 66 (48.9%) cases of hypoxic brain damage, and 16 (11.9%) cases involving other types of injury. Conclusion : The causes of death of the fire victims were inhalation injury and hypoxic brain damage due to CO poisoning and other toxic inhalants. We propose the use of a simple triage and rapid treatment(START) system and a reassessment the delayed category in fire disasters.
Inactivation of Norovirus by Lemongrass Essential Oil Using a Norovirus Surrogate System
Kim, Ye Won,You, Hyun Ju,Lee, Soyoung,Kim, Bomi,Kim, Do Kyung,Choi, Joo-Bong,Kim, Ji-Ah,Lee, Hee Jung,Joo, In Sun,Lee, Jeong Su,Kang, Dong Hyun,Lee, Giljae,Ko, Gwang Pyo,Lee, Sung-Joon ational Association for Food Protection 2017 Journal of food protection Vol.80 No.8
<B>ABSTRACT</B><P>This study investigated the effect of lemongrass essential oil (LGEO) on the infectivity and viral replication of norovirus. Murine norovirus 1 (MNV-1), a surrogate of human norovirus, was preincubated with LGEO and then used to infect RAW 264.7 cells in a plaque reduction assay. LGEO exhibited a significant reduction in MNV-1 plaque formation in both time- and dose-dependent manners. The quantification of viral genome by quantitative real-time PCR showed similar results in line with those of the plaque reduction assay. It was revealed that citral, a single compound in LGEO, showed dramatic reduction in MNV-1 infectivity (−73.09% when using a treatment of 0.02%, v/v). The inhibitory activity of LGEO on viral replication was further investigated in HG23 cells that harbored a human norovirus replicon. LGEO treatment significantly reduced viral replication in HG23 cells, which suggests that LGEO may have dual inhibitory activities that inactivate viral coat proteins required for viral infection and suppress norovirus genome replication in host cells. In animal experiments, oral administration of murine norovirus preincubated with LGEO significantly suppressed virus infectivity in vivo. Collectively, these results suggest that LGEO, in particular the LGEO component citral, inactivates the norovirus and its subsequent replication in host cells. Thus, LGEO shows promise as a method of inhibiting norovirus within the food industry.</P>
Antioxidant Efficacy of Extracts from a Variety of Seaweeds in a Cellular System
Kim, You-Ah,Kong, Chang-Suk,Um, Young-Ran,Lee, Jung-Im,Nam, Taek-Jeong,Seo, Young-Wan The Korean Society of Oceanography 2008 Ocean science journal Vol.43 No.1
As a part of an ongoing search for antioxidants from marine sources, antioxidant activities of 24 kinds of seaweeds (4 green algae, 8 brown algae, and 12 red algae) were investigated. The seaweeds were extracted by acetone/dichloromethane and methanol, respectively. The antioxidant properties of both extracts were evaluated using four different activity tests, including degree of occurrence of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS), NO, lipid peroxidation, and GSH (glutathione) in mouse macrophage Raw 264.7 cells. The levels of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) and GSH were measured using 2',7'-dichlorofluorescin diacetate (DCFDA) and monobromobimane as fluorescence probe, respectively. Moreover, the generation of NO and lipid peroxidation products were determined by each method based on the Griess reaction and TBARS assay. Solvent extracts from seaweeds such as Scytosiphon lomentaria, Prionitis cornea, Laruencia okamurae, Callophyllis japonica, Sargassum horneri, Dictyopteris divaricata, Lomentaria catenata, Corallina confuse, Ishige okamurae, and Ahnfeltiopsis flabelliformi exhibited high antioxidant activities in cellular oxidizing systems.
Kim, Tae Min,Park, Yeon Hee,Lee, Sang-Yoon,Kim, Ji-Hoon,Kim, Dong-Wan,Im, Seock-Ah,Kim, Tae-You,Kim, Chul Woo,Heo, Dae Seog,Bang, Yung-Jue,Chang, Kee-Hyun,Kim, Noe Kyeong American Society of Hematology 2005 Blood Vol.106 No.12
<P>This study was launched to determine the prognostic significance of local tumor invasiveness (LTI) in 114 patients diagnosed with stage IE/IIE extranodal natural killer (NK)/T-cell lymphoma, nasal type (NTCL). LTI was defined as bony invasion or destruction or tumor invasion of the skin. Complete remission (CR), overall survival (OS), and disease-free survival (DFS) were compared between each group according to LTI, Ann Arbor stage, and International Prognostic Index (IPI). LTI was observed in 23 patients. Using multivariate analysis, factors associated with low probability of CR were the presence of LTI (P < .001), the presence of B symptoms (P = .003), and single-modality chemotherapy (P = .045). The presence of LTI (relative risk [RR] = 8.4, 95% confidence interval [CI] 3.9-17.9; P < .001) and high IPI score (RR = 2.8, 95% CI 1.2-6.8; P = .019) were also predictive of OS. The presence of LTI (RR = 7.3, 95% CI 3.2-16.5; P < .001) was an independently significant factor for reduced DFS. Ann Arbor staging system did not predict CR, OS, or DFS but IPI did have predictive power with regard to survival outcome. LTI is the most important prognostic factor in predicting low probability of CR and reduced OS and DFS in nasal stage IE/IIE NTCL.</P>
CD24 expression predicts distant metastasis in extrahepatic bile duct cancer.
Kim, Kyubo,Min, Hye Sook,Chie, Eui Kyu,Jang, Jin-Young,Kim, Sun Whe,Han, Sae-Won,Oh, Do-Youn,Im, Seock-Ah,Kim, Tae-You,Bang, Yung-Jue,Jang, Ja-June,Ha, Sung W WJG Press 2013 World journal of gastroenterology Vol.19 No.9
<P>To evaluate the prognostic significance of CD24 expression in patients undergoing adjuvant chemoradiotherapy for extrahepatic bile duct (EHBD) cancer.</P>