Clinical Course and Outcomes of Patients with Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Infection: a Preliminary Report of the First 28 Patients from the Korean Cohort Study on COVID-19

Eu Suk Kim,Bum Sik Chin,강창경,Nam Joong Kim,Yu Min Kang,Jae-Phil Choi,Dong Hyun Oh,Jeong-Han Kim,Boram Koh,Seong Eun Kim,Na Ra Yun,Jae Hoon Lee,Jin Yong Kim,Yeonjae Kim,Ji Hwan Bang,송경호,Hong Bin Kim,Ki- 대한의학회 2020 Journal of Korean medical science Vol.35 No.13

Background: Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)-infected pneumonia emerged in Wuhan, China in December 2019. In this retrospective multicenter study, we investigated the clinical course and outcomes of novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) from early cases in Republic of Korea. Methods: All of the cases confirmed by real time polymerase chain reaction were enrolled from the 1st to the 28th patient nationwide. Clinical data were collected and analyzed for changes in clinical severity including laboratory, radiological, and virologic dynamics during the progression of illness. Results: The median age was 40 years (range, 20–73 years) and 15 (53.6%) patients were male. The most common symptoms were cough (28.6%) and sore throat (28.6%), followed by fever (25.0%). Diarrhea was not common (10.7%). Two patients had no symptoms. Initial chest X-ray (CXR) showed infiltration in 46.4% of the patients, but computed tomography scan confirmed pneumonia in 88.9% (16/18) of the patients. Six patients (21.4%) required supplemental oxygen therapy, but no one needed mechanical ventilation. Lymphopenia was more common in severe cases. Higher level of C-reactive protein and worsening of chest radiographic score was observed during the 5–7 day period after symptom onset. Viral shedding was high from day 1 of illness, especially from the upper respiratory tract (URT). Conclusion: The prodromal symptoms of COVID-19 were mild and most patients did not have limitations of daily activity. Viral shedding from URT was high from the prodromal phase. Radiological pneumonia was common from the early days of illness, but it was frequently not evident in simple CXR. These findings could be plausible explanations for the easy and rapid spread of SARS-CoV-2 in the community.

설득적 글쓰기와 정서 표현 글쓰기에 나타난 표현 양상 -강원국·김민식의 저서와 강연 분석을 중심으로-

권순희 ( Kwon Soonhee ),김여흘 ( Kim Yeoheul ),신소연 ( Shin Soyeon ),안병현 ( Ahn Byeonghyun ),원보람 ( Won Boram ) 서울대학교 국어교육과 2021 先淸語文 Vol.49 No.-

In order to examine the connection between logical and emotional writing and writing theory, Kang Wonguk’s book ‘President‘s writing’ and Kim Minsik’s book ‘Did you write every morning?’ were selected as the texts to analyze, and ‘Time to change the world, 15 minutes’, ‘How to Write Moving People (Kang Wonguk)’ and ‘Writing that Changes Pain to Pleasure (Kim Minsik)’ were selected for analysis. The analysis results are shown in the table below. The above difference comes from the difference between the purpose and direction of discourse between Kang Wonguk and Kim Minsik. Kang Wonguk explains his speeches and talks to persuade others in his writings and lectures. Therefore, Kang Wonguk’s writing focuses on logical writing, and the direction of writing is directed to the outside. Kim Minsik, on the other hand, mentions diaries and personal blog posts and talks about self-reflective and internal discourse. The direction of writing is directed inward, communicating with the self, and in the process of self-healing through writing.

A Novel Missense PRKAR1A Variant Causes Carney Complex

Boram Kim,장한나,Kyung Shil Chae,Ho Seop Shin,Yong Hwy Kim,Sujin Kim,Moon-Woo Seong,김정희 대한내분비학회 2022 Endocrinology and metabolism Vol.37 No.5

The Carney complex (CNC) is an autosomal dominant disorder characterized by endocrine and nonendocrine tumors. Loss-of-function variants of protein kinase A regulatory subunit 1 alpha (PRKAR1A) are common causes of CNC. Here, we present the case of a patient with CNC with a novel PRKAR1A missense variant. A 21-year-old woman was diagnosed with CNC secondary to acromegaly and adrenal Cushing syndrome. Genetic analysis revealed a novel missense heterozygous variant of PRKAR1A (c.176A>T). Her relatives, suspected of having CNC, also carried the same variant. RNA analysis revealed that this variant led to nonsense-mediated mRNA decay. In vitro functional analysis of the variant confirmed its role in increasing protein kinase A activity and cyclic adenosine monophosphate levels. This study broadens our understanding of the genetic spectrum of CNC. We suggest that PRKAR1A genetic testing and counseling be recommended for patients with CNC and their families.

Quality of Life in Food Allergy: Validation of the Korean Version of the Food Allergy Quality of Life Questionnaire Parent Form (K-FAQLQ-PF) and Risk Factor Analysis

Kim Sukyung,Kim Minji,Kim Jiwon,Park Boram,Min Nuri,Jung Minyoung,Yu Seoyoung,Lee Ji Young,Yoo Hye Won,Kim Hye-Young,Ahn Kangmo,Kim Jihyun 대한천식알레르기학회 2023 Allergy, Asthma & Immunology Research Vol.15 No.1

Purpose: This study aimed to evaluate the reliability and validity of the Korean version of the Food Allergy Quality of Life Questionnaire-Parent Form (K-FAQLQ-PF) and to identify clinical characteristics related to low quality of life (QoL) in Korean children with food allergy (FA). Methods: Parents of 0–12-year-old patients with FA were enrolled. The English version of FAQLQ-PF was translated into Korean. Construct validation was confirmed by the Food Allergy Independent Measure-Parent Form (FAIM-PF) and the Child Health Questionnaire Parent Form 28 (CHQ-PF28). Logistic regression analyses were used to evaluate associations between potential risk factors and QoL outcomes. Results: A total of 182 patients with a median age of 5.0 years were enrolled in the study. Cronbach’s α coefficient values indicating internal consistency were higher than 0.8. Intraclass correlation coefficient values for test-retest reliability were good for all age groups (r > 0.6). Total K-FAQLQ-PF scores were positively correlated with the FAIM-PF (r = 0.56, P < 0.05) and were negatively correlated with the parental impact-emotional domain in the CHQ-PF28 (r = −0.44, P < 0.05). In multivariable logistic regression analysis, low QoL was significantly associated with female sex (adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 2.07; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.03–4.18), age ≥ 5 years (aOR, 2.84; 95% CI, 1.31–6.16), FA diagnosis before the age of 3 years (aOR, 3.96; 95% CI, 1.13–13.93), the presence of atopic dermatitis (aOR, 2.21; 95% CI, 1.07–4.57), and residence in non-metropolitan areas (aOR, 3.44; 95% CI, 1.73–6.85). Conclusions: According to parental perceptions, the K-FAQLQ-PF is a valid and reliable tool to assess psychosocial QoL in Korean children with FAs. Age, sex, residential area, and comorbid AD can affect the QoL of pediatric patients with FA.

Treatment outcomes after adjuvant radiotherapy following surgery for patients with stage I endometrial cancer

Kim, Jiyoung,Lee, Kyung-Ja,Park, Kyung-Ran,Ha, Boram,Kim, Yi-Jun,Jung, Wonguen,Lee, Rena,Kim, Seung Cheol,Moon, Hye Sung,Ju, Woong,Kim, Yun Hwan,Lee, Jihae The Korean Society for Radiation Oncology 2016 Radiation Oncology Journal Vol.34 No.4

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to evaluate the treatment outcomes of adjuvant radiotherapy using vaginal brachytherapy (VB) with a lower dose per fraction and/or external beam radiotherapy (EBRT) following surgery for patients with stage I endometrial carcinoma. Materials and Methods: The subjects were 43 patients with the International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) stage I endometrial cancer who underwent adjuvant radiotherapy following surgery between March 2000 and April 2014. Of these, 25 received postoperative VB alone, while 18 received postoperative EBRT to the whole pelvis; 3 of these were treated with EBRT plus VB. The median EBRT dose was 50.0 Gy (45.0-50.4 Gy) and the VB dose was 24 Gy in 6 fractions. Tumor dose was prescribed at a depth of 5 mm from the cylinder surface and delivered twice per week. Results: The median follow-up period for all patients was 57 months (range, 9 to 188 months). Five-year disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS) for all patients were 92.5% and 95.3%, respectively. Adjuvant radiotherapy was performed according to risk factors and stage IB, grade 3 and lymphovascular invasion were observed more frequently in the EBRT group. Five-year DFS for EBRT and VB alone were 88.1% and 96.0%, respectively (p = 0.42), and 5-year OS for EBRT and VB alone were 94.4% and 96%, respectively (p = 0.38). There was no locoregional recurrence in any patient. Two patients who received EBRT and 1 patient who received VB alone developed distant metastatic disease. Two patients who received EBRT had severe complications, one each of grade 3 gastrointestinal complication and pelvic bone insufficiency fracture. Conclusion: Adjuvant radiotherapy achieved high DFS and OS with acceptable toxicity in stage I endometrial cancer. VB (with a lower dose per fraction) may be a viable option for selected patients with early-stage endometrial cancer following surgery.

Clinical Characteristics and Prognostic Factors of Lung Cancer in Korea: A Pilot Study of Data from the Korean Nationwide Lung Cancer Registry

Kim, Ho Cheol,Jung, Chi Young,Cho, Deog Gon,Jeon, Jae Hyun,Lee, Jeong Eun,Ahn, Jin Seok,Kim, Seung Joon,Kim, Yeongdae,Kim, Young-Chul,Kim, Jung-Eun,Lee, Boram,Won, Young-Joo,Choi, Chang-Min The Korean Academy of Tuberculosis and Respiratory 2019 Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases Vol.82 No.2

Background: Lung cancer is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide, and the incidence continues to rise. Although many prognostic factors have been identified, the clinical characteristics and outcomes in Korean lung cancer patients are not well defined. Methods: Of the 23,254 new lung cancer cases registered at the Korea Central Cancer Registry in 2013, total 489 patients from 19 hospitals were abstracted by the Korean Central Cancer Registry. The clinical data retrospectively analyzed, patients were followed up until December 2015. Results: The median age was 69 years (interquartile range, 60-74 years); 65.4% were male and 62.1% were ever-smokers. Cough was the most common initial symptom (33.5%); 13.1% of patients were asymptomatic. While squamous cell carcinoma was the most common subtype in male patients (37.2%), adenocarcinoma was the most frequent histological type in all patients (48.7%) and females (76.3%). The majority of patients received treatment (76.5%), which included surgery, radiation therapy, and chemotherapy. Older age (hazard ratio [HR], 1.037), lower body mass index (HR, 0.904), ever-smoker (HR, 2.003), small cell lung cancer (HR, 1.627), and distant metastasis (HR, 3.990) were independent predictors of mortality. Patients without symptoms (HR, 0.387) and without treatment (HR, 0.364) were associated with a favorable outcome in multivariate Cox analysis. Conclusion: Lung cancer in Korea occurs predominantly in elderly patients, with adenocarcinoma being the most frequent subtype. The prognosis was poorer in ever-smokers and older, malnourished, and untreated patients with advanced lung cancer.

Characterization of Glycoside Hydrolase in HMO Cluster I of Bifidobacterium infantis

Boram Kim,Sarang Kim,Nari Seo,Hyunjoo An,Jaehan Kim 한국식품영양과학회 2014 한국식품영양과학회 학술대회발표집 Vol.2014 No.10

Clinical Utility of Methylation-Specific Multiplex Ligation-Dependent Probe Amplification for the Diagnosis of Prader–Willi Syndrome and Angelman Syndrome

Kim Boram,Park Yongsook,Cho Sung Im,Kim Man Jin,Chae Jong-Hee,Kim Ji Yeon,성문우,Park Sung Sup 대한진단검사의학회 2022 Annals of Laboratory Medicine Vol.42 No.1

Background: Prader–Willi syndrome (PWS) and Angelman syndrome (AS) are genomic imprinting disorders that are mainly caused by a deletion on 15q11-q13, the uniparental disomy of chromosome 15, or an imprinting defect. We evaluated the utility of methylation-specific multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification (MS-MLPA) as a diagnostic tool and for demonstrating the relationship between molecular mechanisms and clinical presentation. Methods: We performed MS-MLPA using DNA samples from 93 subjects (45 PWS, 24 AS, and 24 non-PWS/AS controls) who had previously undergone MS-PCR for the diagnosis of PWS/AS. We compared the results of both assays, and patients’ clinical phenotypes were reviewed retrospectively. Results: MS-MLPA showed a 100% concordance rate with MS-PCR. Among the 45 PWS patients, 26 (57.8%) had a deletion of 15q11-q13, and the others (42.2%) had uniparental disomy 15 or an imprinting defect. Among the 24 AS patients, 16 (66.7%) had a deletion of 15q11-q13, 7 AS patients (29.2%) had uniparental disomy 15 or an imprinting defect, and one AS patient (4.2%) showed an imprinting center deletion. Conclusions: MS-MLPA has clinical utility for the diagnosis of PWS/AS, and it is superior to MS-PCR in that it can identify the molecular mechanism underlying the disease.

Urinary metabolomic profiling for noninvasive diagnosis of acute T cell-mediated rejection after kidney transplantation

Kim, Sun-Young,Kim, Bo Kyung,Gwon, Mi-Ri,Seong, Sook Jin,Ohk, Boram,Kang, Woo Youl,Lee, Hae Won,Jung, Hee-Yeon,Cho, Jang-Hee,Chung, Byung Ha,Lee, Sang-Ho,Kim, Yeong Hoon,Yoon, Young-Ran,Kim, Chan-Duck Elsevier 2019 Journal of chromatography. B, Analytical technolog Vol.1118 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>To improve early renal allograft function, it is important to develop a noninvasive diagnostic method for acute T cell-mediated rejection (TCMR). This study aims to explore potential noninvasive urinary biomarkers to screen for acute TCMR in kidney transplant recipients (KTRs) using untargeted metabolomic profiling.</P> <P>Urinary metabolites, collected from KTRs with stable graft function (STA) or acute TCMR episodes, were analyzed using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS). Multivariate statistical analyses were performed to discriminate differences in urinary metabolites between the two groups. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was used to evaluate the diagnostic performance of potential urinary biomarkers.</P> <P>Statistical analysis revealed the differences in urinary metabolites between the two groups and indicated several statistically significant metabolic features suitable for potential biomarkers. By comparing the retention times and mass fragmentation patterns of the chemicals in metabolite databases, samples, and standards, six of these features were clearly identified. ROC curve analysis showed the best performance of the training set (area under the curve value, 0.926; sensitivity, 90.0%; specificity, 84.6%) using a panel of five potential biomarkers: guanidoacetic acid, methylimidazoleacetic acid, dopamine, 4-guanidinobutyric acid, and <I>L</I>-tryptophan. The diagnostic accuracy of this model was 62.5% for an independent test dataset.</P> <P>LC-MS-based untargeted metabolomic profiling is a promising method to discriminate between acute TCMR and STA groups. Our model, based on a panel of five potential biomarkers, needs to be further validated in larger scale studies.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> We explored urinary biomarkers for acute TCMR using LC-MS-based metabolomics. </LI> <LI> OPLS-DA well distinguished between acute TCMR and STA groups. </LI> <LI> Multivariate statistical analyses revealed differences in urinary metabolites. </LI> <LI> ROC curve analysis evaluated the performance of potential urinary biomarkers. </LI> </UL> </P>

Airway Smooth Muscle Sensitivity to Methacholine in Precision-Cut Lung Slices (PCLS) from Ovalbumin-induced Asthmatic Mice

Kim, Hae Jin,Kim, Yeryung,Park, Su Jung,Bae, Boram,Kang, Hye-Ryun,Cho, Sang-Heon,Yoo, Hae Young,Nam, Joo Hyun,Kim, Woo Kyung,Kim, Sung Joon The Korean Society of Pharmacology 2015 The Korean Journal of Physiology & Pharmacology Vol.19 No.1

Asthma is a chronic inflammatory disease characterized by airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR) and reversible airway obstruction. Methacholine (MCh) is widely used in broncho-provocation test to evaluate airway resistance. For experimental investigation, ovalbumin-induced sensitization is frequently used in rodents (Ova-asthma). However, albeit the inflammatory histology and AHR in vivo, it remains unclear whether the MCh sensitivity of airway smooth muscle isolated from Ova-asthma is persistently changed. In this study, the contractions of airways in precision-cut lung slices (PCLS) from control, Ova-asthma, and IL-13 overexpressed transgenic mice (IL-13TG) were compared by analyzing the airway lumen space (AW). The airway resistance in vivo was measured using plethysmograph. AHR and increased inflammatory cells in BAL fluid were confirmed in Ova-asthma and IL-13TG mice. In the PCLS from all three groups, MCh concentration-dependent narrowing of airway lumen (${\Delta}AW$) was observed. In contrast to the AHR in vivo, the $EC_{50}$ of MCh for ${\Delta}AW$ from Ova-asthma and IL-13TG were not different from control, indicating unchanged sensitivity to MCh. Although the AW recovery upon MCh-washout showed sluggish tendency in Ova-asthma, the change was also statistically insignificant. Membrane depolarization-induced ${\Delta}AW$ by 60 mM $K^+$ (60K-contraction) was larger in IL-13TG than control, whereas 60K-contraction of Ova-asthma was unaffected. Furthermore, serotonin-induced ${\Delta}AW$ of Ova-asthma was smaller than control and IL-13TG. Taken together, the AHR in Ova-asthma and IL-13TG are not reflected in the contractility of isolated airways from PCLS. The AHR of the model animals seems to require intrinsic agonists or inflammatory microenvironment that is washable during tissue preparation.