문학반응이론에 의한 보건의학기술계열 국가시험개선방안에 관한 연구

이창규,이승관,조경진,박종성,정수경,유병서,박상숙,윤효숙,황선철,문경환,김정민,함용운,김지환,임국환,김영순,윤경희,황성준 高麗大學校 倂設 保健大學 保健科學硏究所 1998 保健科學論集 Vol.24 No.1

The nationally-governed examinations for certification of allied health professions in Korea have been continued for thirty three years. During that time, there were a lot of managerial improvements in carrying out the examinations, for example, the looking-over the papers converted from manual method to computerized one. Nevertheless, the overall aspects of item management in the national examinations are still remained as obsolete style. In some developed countries they have already tried or adopted computerized system in making questions, executing item analysis, developing item banking, and in overall management of examinations, looking over papers for their national licensure examinations, and have established good reputations. Since the National Health Personnel Licensing Examination Board was established in 1998, now we can expect there would be a lots of improvements in the managerial systems and organizational structures associated with the national licensing examinations suggesting followings. 1. The contents and scope of the licensing examinations based on job analysis should be announced publicaly. 2. Items should be developed based on the scopes and contents of job characteristics. 3. All the developed items for the licensing examinations should be tested quantitatively prior to banking items. 4. All the parameters of the stored items should be fully estimated through item response theory. 5. All the efforts should be given in order to execute the examinations in individual residential areas on behalf of every examinee. 6. To the licensing examination system the Computerized Adaptive Testing system should be introduced in order to enhance the efficiencies. 7. Security enhancement on the stored items should be reminded in order to prevent leaking out the banking items. 8. Much more improvements should be made for the proper job evaluations. 9. Every efforts should be given to prevent cheatings encountable during the examinations. 10. Make the best of professional volunteers from the various fields in the execution of licensing examinations. 11. Consider a new system in that examinations can be executed twice or more in a year. 12. The current methods of presiding over the examinations should be replaced by a more reasonable one. 13. The results of the examinations should be announced as soon as possible in order not to prolong the examinees' unemployment periods. 14. The National Health Personnel Licensing Examination Board should try to rationalize the management keeping step with the information-oriented society.

15-Deoxy-Δ^12,14-prostaglandin J₂ prevents oxidative injury by upregulating the expression of aldose reductase in vascular smooth muscle cells

Kang, E. S.,Hwang, J. S.,Ham, S. A.,Park, M. H.,Kim, G. H.,Paek, K. S.,Yoo, T.,Lee, W. J.,Kang, K. R.,Lee, J. H.,Choi, Y. J.,Seo, H. G. Informa Healthcare 2014 Free radical research Vol.48 No.2

<P>The omega-6 fatty acid derivative 15-Deoxy-Δ<SUP>12,14</SUP>-prostaglandin J<SUB>2</SUB> (15d-PGJ<SUB>2</SUB>) is believed to play a role in cellular protection against oxidative stress in diverse cell systems. However, the cellular mechanisms by which protection is afforded by 15d-PGJ<SUB>2</SUB> are not fully elucidated in vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs). In this study, we report the finding that 15d-PGJ<SUB>2</SUB> elicited a time and concentration- dependent increase in aldose reductase (AR) expression. This induction was independent of the activation of peroxisome proliferator- activated receptor γ. Inhibition of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) significantly suppressed the increase in expression and promoter activity of AR induced by 15d-PGJ<SUB>2</SUB>. Luciferase reporter assays demonstrated that 15d-PGJ<SUB>2</SUB> targets the multiple stress response regions comprising the antioxidant response element in the promoter of the AR gene. 15d-PGJ<SUB>2</SUB>-mediated induction of AR promoter activity was potentiated in the presence of nuclear factor-erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), but not in cells expressing dominant negative Nrf2. Cells treated with 15d-PGJ<SUB>2</SUB> were resistant to oxidant-induced apoptotic cell death by inhibiting production of reactive oxygen species. These effects were significantly attenuated in the presence of an AR inhibitor or small interfering RNA against AR, indicating that AR plays a protective role against oxidative injury. Taken together, these findings demonstrate that activation of PI3K by 15d-PGJ<SUB>2</SUB> increases the expression of AR through Nrf2, and increased AR activity may function as an important cellular response against oxidative injury.</P>

한국인의 안선호 경향에 관한 조사

박종섭,함기선,윤정길,조용진 大韓成形外科學會 1990 Archives of Plastic Surgery Vol.17 No.2

Many plastic surgeons concern about how much the beautiful eye influence the beauty of the face. Though we can not conclude that the eyes of the beautiful face are always beautiful, we can imagine that the eyes of the beautiful face are beautiful. Therefore, the basic anthropometrical studies on the eyes are still interesting to thd plastic surgeons. We carried out this study to find out which shape of the eye could be defined as beautiful and analysed them anthropometrically. The results may be beneficial to make a basic plan for the blepharoplasty. Photographs of the eyes of 54 female and 30 male students whose faces were chosen as beaufiful faces among 423 students were evaluated by the group of students in the age of twenties and by the group of teachers in the age of forties. Ten items were measured and calculated anthropometrically from the photographs. The results were as follows. 1. Both age groups, twenties and forties, prefer large, round eye as a beautiful eye. 2. The incidence of double eyelid fold is twice in the beautiful faces compared to the other faces. 3. The female eyes are larger and more round than the male eyes. 4. The inclination of the palpebral fissure is small in the beautiful eyes compared to the others.

Characterization of Lactobacillus acidophilus Isolated from Piglets and Chicken

Ahn, Y.T.,Lim, K.L.,Ryu, J.C.,Kang, D.K.,Ham, J.S.,Jang, Y.H.,Kim, H.U. Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2002 Animal Bioscience Vol.15 No.12

Lactic acid bacteria were isolated from piglets and chicken and characterized. Lactic acid bacteria showing resistance to low pH and bile, adhesion to intestinal epithelium cells, and the inhibition of Escherichia coli and Salmonella spp. were identified as Lactobacillus acidophilus. L. acidophilus PF01 survived for 2 h in MRS broth adjusted to pH 2. L. acidophilus CF07 was less resistant than L. acidophilus PF01 to pH 2, but survived at pH 2.5 for 2 h. Both of isolates were able to grow in MRS broth containing 0.3% (w/v) bile, with L. acidophilus CF07 being more tolerant to bile than L. acidophilus PF01. L. acidophilus PF01 and CF07 adhered specifically to the duodenal and jejunal epithelium cells of piglet, and the cecal and duodenal epithelium cells of chicken, respectively. Both of isolates did not adhere to the epithelium cells of the various animal intestines from which they were isolated. When L. acidophilus was cultured with E. coli and Salmonella spp. in MRS broth, MRS broth containing 2% skim milk powder or modified tryptic soy broth at $37^{\circ}C$, L. acidophilus PF01 and CF07 inhibited the growths of E. coli K88 and K99, and S. enteritidis and S. typhimurium, respectively. Both of isolates were found to possess the essential characteristics of probiotic lactic acid bacteria for piglet and chicken.

Enhanced efficiency of organic photovoltaic cells with Sr₂SiO₄:Eu²⁺ and SrGa₂S₄:Eu²⁺ phosphors

Park, Y.,Suh, D.W.,Choi, K.S.,Yoo, J.S.,Ham, J.,Lee, J.L.,Kim, S.Y. Elsevier Science 2013 Organic electronics Vol.14 No.4

We report the effect of yellow Sr<SUB>2</SUB>SiO<SUB>4</SUB>:Eu<SUP>2+</SUP> and green SrGa<SUB>2</SUB>S<SUB>4</SUB>:Eu<SUP>2+</SUP> phosphors on the efficiency of organic photovoltaic (OPV) cells. Each phosphor was coated on the back side of indium tin oxide (ITO)/glass substrates by spin coating with poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA). The maximum absorption wavelength of the active layer in the OPV cells was ~512nm. The emission peaks of Sr<SUB>2</SUB>SiO<SUB>4</SUB>:Eu<SUP>2+</SUP> and SrGa<SUB>2</SUB>S<SUB>4</SUB>:Eu<SUP>2+</SUP> were maximized at 552nm and 534nm, respectively. The short circuit current density (J<SUB>sc</SUB>) and power conversion efficiency (PCE) of the OPV cells with Sr<SUB>2</SUB>SiO<SUB>4</SUB>:Eu<SUP>2+</SUP> (8.55mA/cm<SUP>2</SUP> and 3.25%) and with SrGa<SUB>2</SUB>S<SUB>4</SUB>:Eu<SUP>2+</SUP> (9.29mA/cm<SUP>2</SUP> and 3.3%) were higher than those of the control device without phosphor (7.605mA/cm<SUP>2</SUP> and 3.04%). We concluded that phosphor tuned the wavelength of the incident light to the absorption wavelength of the active layer, thus increasing the J<SUB>sc</SUB> and PCE of the OPV cells.

오리육의 화염 처리 수준에 따른 이화학적 특성

채현석,유영모,안종남,정석근,함준상,이종문,Chae, H.S.,Yoo, Y.M.,Ahn, C.N.,Jeong, S.G.,Ham, J.S.,Lee, J.M.,Singh, N.K. 한국가금학회 2006 韓國家禽學會誌 Vol.33 No.4

본 연구는 오리육의 품질 고급화를 위하여 도축 과정에서 내장 적출 후 화염을 처리하여 도체의 육색 변화와 저장 과정 중 육질 변화 여부를 확인하며, 도체 표면 미생물에 대한 특성을 살펴보고자 수행하였다. 45일령된 오리를 도압장에서 탈모, 내장 제거, 수세 과정에 이어서 화염 처리를 실시하였는데, 화염 처리 수준은 $6kgf/cm^2$ 압력으로 LPG를 무처리, 중처리(50초), 과다 처리(70초)로 구분하여 화염을 처리한 후 저장 특성을 구명하였다. 화염을 처리한 처리구에서는 드립 발생율의 증가율이 적은 반면에 무처리 구에서는 드립 발생 비율이 저장 5일까지 급격히 오르다가 서서히 감소하는 경향을 보였다. 육색에서 명도$(L^*)$ 값은 화염을 처리하지 않은 무처리구가 가장 높은 명도 값을 나타내었고 중, 과 처리구는 서로 비슷한 경향을 나타내었고, 화염 처리 수준별 총 균수의 변화는 무처리구에서 가장 높은 값을 나타내었고, 화염 처리구에서는 처리 수준에 따라 약간씩 저하되는 것을 알 수 있었다. TBARS 값은 화염 처리를 하였을 경우 증가하는 경향을 나타내어 보존성의 저하를 가져왔으나 화염 처리 수준에 따라서는 큰 차이가 없었다. K값 변화는 저장 3일까지는 처리간에 차이가 없었으나 저장 5일이 경과하면서 화염 처리 수준이 증가할수록 K 값이 증가하여 신선도가 감소하는 경향을 나타내었다. 실험을 종합할 때 오리육의 화염을 처리하였을 경우, 화염을 처리할 때 드립발생율 및 육색의 명도 값은 감소되었고, 총 균수도 약간씩 저하되는 경향을 보였으나 지방 산패도를 나타내는 TBARS 값은 증가하는 경향을 나타내었다. Singeing has always been equated with meat color alteration through lipid oxidation and microbial population. Singeing method has always been employed far removing duck feathers, however, the effect of singeing on storage characteristic of duck meat has not been investigated extensively. The study was therefore, designed to Investigate the effect of singeing on duck meat during storage extensively. For the purpose, study was categorized into three groups namely A, B, and C, representing 0, 50 and 70 seconds of singeing time. Singeing was performed on 100 birds in each group, however, only 20 singed birds from each treatment groups were further selected to analyse them subsequently during storage. Analysis revealed that with 70 seconds singeing time drip loss was significantly (p<0.05) higher at $6mgf/cm^2$ compared to 50 seconds of singeing. With 70 seconds treatment breast meat apparently appeared black, where as with 50 seconds treatment no change was observed. Breast showed low redness with more duration of treatment compared to less treatment duration. Yellowness increased, springiness declined and no change was observed in cohesiveness and chewiness with high treatment time. There was increase in the TBARS and VBN, freshness did not change for first 5 days, however, K values started to increase later on indicated decline in freshness. Conclusively, it was inferred from the study that 50 seconds singeing does not make much alternation in the quantitative traits and at the same time maintains the microbial level under permissible limit.

Improvement of Milking Method for the Raw Milk Quality

In, Y. M 韓國酪農學會 1996 韓國酪農學會誌 Vol.18 No.3

자연 자궁파열과 합병된 유착태반 1예

함재홍,허필형,김기원,강성원 최신의학사 1978 最新醫學 Vol.21 No.12

The etiology of placenta percreta is still ambiguous, but there is universe agreement about the importance that endometrial trauma# plays in the subsequent development of placenta percreta. We had experienced a case of placenta percreta developed after massive methotrexate administration, and presented it with a brief case history and review of literatures on it.

양안 격리증을 수반한 Encephalomeningocele의 치험예 : A Case Report

함기선,이덕주,김선무,조문제,임풍 大韓成形外科學會 1980 Archives of Plastic Surgery Vol.7 No.1

Encephalomeningocele result from developmental malformation in which brain and meninges are present. This anomalie usually associated with facial anomalie and may be accompany by other defects at birth or infancy. The authors experienced a case of encephalomeningocele covered with normal soft tissue on right canthal area, It was accompanied with moderate hypertelorism and drooped nostril deformity of affected side. Histologically, the specimen showed collagenous, hyalinized connective tissue with scattered glial cells. Many recent surgical approaches have been designed to correct deformites for psychosocial adaptation and anatomical reason. But difficult problem still remain particulary as to restoring binocular vision to correct hypertelorism. Authors obtained a good result in correcting deformity from the encephalomeningocele with hypertelorism employing intracranial cranioplasty and canthoplasty. Now, we describe a brief review of reference on encephalomeningocele.

반흔성 하안검 외반증에 대한 Composite Graft의 치험예

함기선,위성신,조해석,임풍,조문제 大韓成形外科學會 1980 Archives of Plastic Surgery Vol.7 No.1

Eyelid ectropion was the most common late sequelae encountered in our experiences following trauma or thermal burn around the eyelid. Those deformities must be corrected early to preserve visual acuity. Split-skin graft to the upper eyelid and full thickness skin graft to the lower lid have been emphasized to the most reliable methods for correction of the cicatrical ectropion. However, there is tendency toward contracture under these grafts, and the ectropion recur and reoperation or additional sugery required. To solve these problems, we have corrected the cicatrical ectropion with free composite graft of skin and cartilage from the concha of the auricle. The results of these composite grafts are favorable without recurrence.