The Daily Us (vs. Them) from Online to Offline: Japan's Media Manipulation and Cultural Transcoding of Collective Memories

Ogasawara, Midori World Association for Triple Helix and Future Stra 2019 Journal of Contemporary Eastern Asia Vol.18 No.2

Since returning to power in 2012, the second Abe administration has pressured Japanese mainstream media in various ways, from creating the Secrecy Act to forming close relationships with media executives and promoting anti-journalism voices on social media. This article focuses on the growth of a jingoist group called the 'Net-rightists' ('Neto-uyo' in the Japanese abbreviation) on the Internet, which has been supporting the right-wing government and amplifying its historical revisionist views of Japanese colonialism. These heavy Internet users deny Japan's war crimes against neighboring Asian countries and disseminate fake news about the past, which justifies Prime Minister Shinzo Abe's hostile diplomatic policies against South Korea and China. Over the past years, the rightist online discourses have become powerful to such an extent that the editorials of major newspapers and TV reports shifted to more nationalist tones. Who are the Neto-uyo? Why have they emerged from the online world and proliferated to the offline world? Two significant characteristics of new media are discussed to analyze their successful media manipulation: cultural transcoding and perpetual rewriting of collective memories. These characteristics have resulted in constructing and reinforcing the data loops of the 'Daily Us' versus Them, technologically raising current diplomatic tensions in East Asia.

Production of Titanium Porous Material 'Tiporous' and its Evaluation

Ogasawara Tadashi,Azuma Kazuomi,Onishi Takashi 한국분말야금학회 2006 한국분말야금학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2006 No.1

Lehrende als Lernende -Über die Kompetenz von Lehrkräften, selbst eine neue Fremdsprache zu lernen und diesen Prozess mit „Narrative Inquiry“ zu reflektieren

Ogasawara, Fujiko 한국독일어교육학회 2015 외국어로서의 독일어 Vol.37 No.-

One of the most important competencies for teachers is self-reflection. So that we can develop this teaching competency, we need to have a critical point of view about our teaching methods. I asked myself if I could understand my students more through learning a new foreign language, Korean. In this paper, I first try to reflect on my learning process by a qualitative method “Narrative Inquiry”, and examine the results for my lessons in the future. Secondly, I try to deepen my research field and analyze the vocabulary difference between German and Korean used in language examinations for beginners conducted worldwide and consider the implications as a German teacher and a Korean learner. Finally, I would like to recommend that all language teachers learn a new language and reflect on the process and the teaching methods systematically, because it leads us not only to develop our competence as teachers, but it could also contribute to the widening and deepening of our research field. Eine wichtige Kompetenz von Lehrenden ist die Selbstreflektion. Um den Unterricht weiterentwickeln zu können, muss man zunächst einen selbstkritischen Blick auf das eigene Handeln richten. Ich fragte mich, ob ich durch das Erlernen einer neuen Fremdsprache Koreanisch auch die Lernprozesse meiner Studierenden besser verstehen könne. In diesem Beitrag habe ich mit der Methode „Narrative Inquiry“ versucht, meinen Lernprozess wiederzugeben und die daraus empirisch erworbenen Ergebnisse genauer zu betrachten für den künftigen Unterricht. Hier gehe ich anschließend auf den Grundwortschatzunterschied zwischen Deutsch und Koreanisch in den weltweit durchgeführten Sprachprüfungen für die Anfänger ein und werde die Gründe aus der Sicht einer japanischen Deutschlehrerin und Koreanischlernerin darstellen. Abschließend empfehle ich Sprachlehrenden, eine neue Sprache zu erlernen und diesen Prozess systematisch zu reflektieren, weil das nicht nur die Lehrkompetenz erhöht, sondern auch dazu beitragen kann, den Forschungsbereich zu erweitern.

Overlap Between Constipation and Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease in Japan: Results From an Internet Survey

Naotaka Ogasawara,Yasushi Funaki,Kunio Kasugai,Masahide Ebi,Yasuhiro Tamura,Shinya Izawa,Makoto Sasaki 대한소화기 기능성질환∙운동학회 2022 Journal of Neurogastroenterology and Motility (JNM Vol.28 No.2

Background/AimsDetailed evaluations of overlapping constipation and gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) have not been conducted in Japan. The REACTION-J2 study examined the overlap of these diseases in Japan. MethodsThis internet-based survey recruited participants from general public survey panels. Questions included demographic and medical data and assessments based on validated measures for constipation and GERD. Associations between background factors affecting constipation/GERD overlap, disease measures, and treatment were also evaluated. ResultsAmong 10 000 survey responses received, functional constipation (Rome IV diagnostic criteria) was reported by 439 participants; chronic constipation (Japanese guidelines) by 3804 participants; and subjective constipation symptoms by 2563 participants. The number of participants with constipation/GERD overlap ranged from 73 to 1533 depending on the criteria used. Regardless of the definition used, all GERD groups had significantly higher odds of being constipated than non-GERD participants: the OR (95% CI) for all 9 combinations of definitions ranged between 1.56 (1.21, 2.01) and 2.67 (2.44, 2.92) (all P ≤ 0.001). Straining, hard stools, and sensations of incomplete evacuation and anorectal obstruction/blockage, according to chronic constipation criteria, were common. Participants with constipation/GERD overlap had poorer quality of life (P < 0.001) and worse GERD symptom scores (P < 0.001). The frequency of abnormal stools was highest (P < 0.001) in the constipation/GERD overlap group. In the overlap group, 52.4% and 26.0% used gastric and constipation medication, respectively. ConclusionIndividuals with constipation/GERD overlap tend to have worsened symptoms and quality of life.

Reduction of EMI Generated by a PWM Inverter-Fed AC Motor Drive System

Satoshi Ogasawara,Hirofumi Akagi 전력전자학회 1998 ICPE(ISPE)논문집 Vol.- No.-

This paper deal with problems of leakage current, shaft voltage, bearing current, and EMI, in valiable-speed AC drives. The originating mechanism is illustrated with a high-frequency equivalent circuit. Re­duction methods are classified in to six categories based on the equivalent circuit. Some experimental results show that a common-mode transformer (CMT) and a common-noise canceler (ACC) can solve the problems, which have been proposed by the authors.<br/>

Switching to systemic therapy after locoregional treatment failure: Definition and best timing

Sadahisa Ogasawara,Yoshihiko Ooka,Keisuke Koroki,Susumu Maruta,Hiroaki Kanzaki,Kengo Kanayama,Kazufumi Kobayashi,Soichiro Kiyono,Masato Nakamura,Naoya Kanogawa,Tomoko Saito,Takayuki Kondo,Eiichiro Suz 대한간학회 2020 Clinical and Molecular Hepatology(대한간학회지) Vol.26 No.2

In patients with unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) without both macrovascular invasion and extrahepatic metastasis, the initial treatment choice recommended is transarterial chemoembolization (TACE). Before sorafenib came into wide use, TACE had been pointlessly carried out repeatedly. It was in the early 2010s that the concept of TACE refractory was advocated. Two retrospective studies from Japan indicated that conversion from TACE to sorafenib the day after patients were deemed as TACE refractory improved overall survival compared with continued TACE, according to the definition by the Japan Society of Hepatology. Nowadays, phase 3 trials have shown clinical benefits of several novel molecular target agents. Compared with the era of sorafenib, sequential treatments with these molecular target agents have gradually prolonged patients’ survival and have become major strategies in patients with HCC. Taking these together, conversion from TACE to systemic therapies at the time of TACE refractory, compared with before, may have a greater impact on survival and may be considered deeper in the decisions-making process in patients with unresectable HCC who are candidate for TACE. Up-to-date information on the concept of TACE refractory is summarized in this review. We believe that the survival of patients with unresectable HCC without both macrovascular invasion and extrahepatic metastasis may be dramatically improved by optimal timing of TACE refractory and switching to systemic therapies.

Detailed Mechanism of the Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injury in Ball Games

( Issei Ogasawara ) 대한운동사협회 2020 대한운동사협회 운동사대회자료집 Vol.2020 No.-

Study on endotoxin in indoor environment: research at equine-related facilities in Japan

Takeshi Ogasawara,Hoon Kim,Eunsu Lim 한국대기환경학회 2024 Asian Journal of Atmospheric Environment (AJAE) Vol.18 No.1

In recent years, endotoxins have received considerable attention as substances associated with allergic diseases. Endotoxins are cell wall components of gram-negative bacteria that are widely present in the living environment. Endotoxin concentrations are particularly high in environments where animals are housed. However, while the status of endotoxin concentrations in the general environment is becoming clearer, there remains a scarcity of studies in environments with potentially higher concentrations. In this study, we measured indoor endotoxin concentrations in buildings in Japan that are strongly associated with horses. The target buildings include a “Magariya,” an old Japanese house, an accommodation facility connected to a horse stable, and a stable specifically for thoroughbreds. Air and dust samples were collected at these measurement targets and analyzed for air and dust concentrations. Airborne concentrations were higher in buildings with horses present than in buildings without horses, and the presence/ absence of horses is thought to have a significant effect on the airborne concentration of endotoxin. Additionally, as the density of horses increases, endotoxin concentrations also tend to increase. Dust concentration had different values in different rooms even in the same building. These results suggest that dust concentrations may be affected by floor materials, frequency of cleaning, and frequency of human traffic from areas of high concentrations. Endotoxin concentrations were high in the stable during the work because of the replacement of the dried straw in the stalls and the removal of horse excrement. These results are expected to be useful in controlling endotoxin concentrations in indoor environments of various building types.

Predictive Factors for Intractability to Endoscopic Hemostasis in the Treatment of Bleeding Gastroduodenal Peptic Ulcers in Japanese patients

Naotaka Ogasawara,Mari Mizuno,Ryuta Masui,Yoshihiro Kondo,Yoshiharu Yamaguchi,Kenichiro Yanamoto,Hisatsugu Noda,Noriko Okaniwa,Makoto Sasaki,Kunio Kasugai 대한소화기내시경학회 2014 Clinical Endoscopy Vol.47 No.2

Background/Aims: Despite improvements in endoscopic hemostasis and pharmacological therapies, upper gastrointestinal (UGI) ulcersrepeatedly bleed in 10% to 20% of patients, and those without early endoscopic reintervention or definitive surgery might be at ahigh risk for mortality. This study aimed to identify the risk factors for intractability to initial endoscopic hemostasis. Methods: We analyzed intractability among 428 patients who underwent emergency endoscopy for bleeding UGI ulcers within 24hours of arrival at the hospital. Results: Durable hemostasis was achieved in 354 patients by using initial endoscopic procedures. Sixty-nine patients with Forrest typesIa, Ib, IIa, and IIb at the second-look endoscopy were considered intractable to the initial endoscopic hemostasis. Multivariate analysisindicated that age ≥70 years (odds ratio [OR], 2.06; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.07 to 4.03), shock on admission (OR, 5.26; 95% CI,2.43 to 11.6), hemoglobin <8.0 mg/dL (OR, 2.80; 95% CI, 1.39 to 5.91), serum albumin <3.3 g/dL (OR, 2.23; 95% CI, 1.07 to 4.89), exposedvessels with a diameter of ≥2 mm on the bottom of ulcers (OR, 4.38; 95% CI, 1.25 to 7.01), and Forrest type Ia and Ib (OR, 2.21;95% CI, 1.33 to 3.00) predicted intractable endoscopic hemostasis. Conclusions: Various factors contribute to intractable endoscopic hemostasis. Careful observation after endoscopic hemostasis is importantfor patients at a high risk for incomplete hemostasis.

Evaluation of Circulating Tumor DNA in Patients with Ovarian Cancer Harboring Somatic PIK3CA or KRAS Mutations

Aiko Ogasawara,Taro Hihara,Daisuke Shintani,Akira Yabuno,Yuji Ikeda,Kenji Tai,Keiichi Fujiwara,Keisuke Watanabe,Kosei Hasegawa 대한암학회 2020 Cancer Research and Treatment Vol.52 No.4

Purpose Circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) is an attractive source for liquid biopsy to understand molecular phenotypes of a tumor non-invasively, which is also expected to be both a diagnostic and prognostic marker. PIK3CA and KRAS are among the most frequently mutated genes in epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC). In addition, their hotspot mutations have already been identified and are ready for a highly sensitive analysis. Our aim is to clarify the significance of PIK3CA and KRAS mutations in the plasma of EOC patients as tumor-informed ctDNA. Materials and Methods We screened 306 patients with ovarian tumors for somatic PIK3CA or KRAS mutations. A total of 85 EOC patients had somatic PIK3CA and/or KRAS mutations, and the correspon-ding mutations were subsequently analyzed using a droplet digital polymerase chain reaction in their plasma. Results The detection rates for ctDNA were 27% in EOC patients. Advanced stage and positive peritoneal cytology were associated with higher frequency of ctDNA detection. Preoperative ctDNA detection was found to be an indicator of outcomes, and multivariate analysis revealed that ctDNA remained an independent risk factor for recurrence (p=0.010). Moreover, we assessed the mutation frequency in matched plasma before surgery and at recurrence from 17 patients, and found six patients had higher mutation rates in cell-free DNA at recurrence compared to that at primary diagnosis. Conclusion The presence of ctDNA at diagnosis was an indicator for recurrence, which suggests potential tumor spread even when tumors were localized at the time of diagnosis.