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Lee, June-Goo,Ko, Jiyuon,Hae, Hyeonyong,Kang, Soo-Jin,Kang, Do-Yoon,Lee, Pil Hyung,Ahn, Jung-Min,Park, Duk-Woo,Lee, Seung-Whan,Kim, Young-Hak,Lee, Cheol Whan,Park, Seong-Wook,Park, Seung-Jung Elsevier 2020 Atherosclerosis Vol.292 No.-
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P><B>Background and aims</B></P> <P>Intravascular ultrasound (IVUS)-derived morphological criteria are poor predictors of the functional significance of intermediate coronary stenosis. IVUS-based supervised machine learning (ML) algorithms were developed to identify lesions with a fractional flow reserve (FFR) ≤0.80 (<I>vs.</I> >0.80).</P> <P><B>Methods</B></P> <P>A total of 1328 patients with 1328 non-left main coronary lesions were randomized into training and test sets in a 4:1 ratio. Masked IVUS images were generated by an automatic segmentation model, and 99 computed IVUS features and six clinical variables (age, gender, body surface area, vessel type, involved segment, and involvement of the proximal left anterior descending artery) were used for ML training with 5-fold cross-validation. Diagnostic performances of the binary classifiers (L2 penalized logistic regression, artificial neural network, random forest, AdaBoost, CatBoost, and support vector machine) for detecting ischemia-producing lesions were evaluated using the non-overlapping test samples.</P> <P><B>Results</B></P> <P>In the classification of test set lesions into those with an FFR ≤0.80 <I>vs.</I> >0.80, the overall diagnostic accuracies for predicting an FFR ≤0.80 were 82% with L2 penalized logistic regression, 80% with artificial neural network, 83% with random forest, 83% with AdaBoost, 81% with CatBoost, and 81% with support vector machine (AUCs: 0.84–0.87). With exclusion of the 28 lesions with borderline FFR of 0.75–0.80, the overall accuracies for the test set were 86% with L2 penalized logistic regression, 85% with an artificial neural network, 87% with random forest, 87% with AdaBoost, 85% with CatBoost, and 85% with support vector machine.</P> <P><B>Conclusions</B></P> <P>The IVUS-based ML algorithms showed good diagnostic performance for identifying ischemia-producing lesions, and may reduce the need for pressure wires.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> ML provides the ability to automatically learn without being explicitly programmed, which improves diagnostic accuracies. </LI> <LI> The models using computed IVUS features predict the intermediate stenosis with an FFR ≤0.80 with an overall accuracy of 80%. </LI> <LI> The data-driven approach may help clinicians identify ischemia-producing coronary lesions. </LI> </UL> </P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>
Lee June-Goo,Kim HeeSoo,Kang Heejun,Koo Hyun Jung,Kang Joon-Won,Kim Young-Hak,Yang Dong Hyun 대한영상의학회 2021 Korean Journal of Radiology Vol.22 No.11
Objective: This study aimed to validate a deep learning-based fully automatic calcium scoring (coronary artery calcium [CAC]_auto) system using previously published cardiac computed tomography (CT) cohort data with the manually segmented coronary calcium scoring (CAC_hand) system as the reference standard. Materials and Methods: We developed the CAC_auto system using 100 co-registered, non-enhanced and contrast-enhanced CT scans. For the validation of the CAC_auto system, three previously published CT cohorts (n = 2985) were chosen to represent different clinical scenarios (i.e., 2647 asymptomatic, 220 symptomatic, 118 valve disease) and four CT models. The performance of the CAC_auto system in detecting coronary calcium was determined. The reliability of the system in measuring the Agatston score as compared with CAC_hand was also evaluated per vessel and per patient using intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs) and Bland-Altman analysis. The agreement between CAC_auto and CAC_hand based on the cardiovascular risk stratification categories (Agatston score: 0, 1–10, 11–100, 101–400, > 400) was evaluated. Results: In 2985 patients, 6218 coronary calcium lesions were identified using CAC_hand. The per-lesion sensitivity and falsepositive rate of the CAC_auto system in detecting coronary calcium were 93.3% (5800 of 6218) and 0.11 false-positive lesions per patient, respectively. The CAC_auto system, in measuring the Agatston score, yielded ICCs of 0.99 for all the vessels (left main 0.91, left anterior descending 0.99, left circumflex 0.96, right coronary 0.99). The limits of agreement between CAC_auto and CAC_hand were 1.6 ± 52.2. The linearly weighted kappa value for the Agatston score categorization was 0.94. The main causes of false-positive results were image noise (29.1%, 97/333 lesions), aortic wall calcification (25.5%, 85/333 lesions), and pericardial calcification (24.3%, 81/333 lesions). Conclusion: The atlas-based CAC_auto empowered by deep learning provided accurate calcium score measurement as compared with manual method and risk category classification, which could potentially streamline CAC imaging workflows.
Lee, Chae-Kwan,Kang, Han-Seung,June, Bu-ll,Lee, Byung-Ju,Moon, Deog-Hwan,Kang, Sung-Goo The Korean Society for Integrative Biology 2001 Korean journal of biological sciences Vol.5 No.4
There is a critical developmental period during which brain sexual differentiation proceeds irreversibly under the influence of gonadal hormone. Recently, kinesin superfamily-associated protein 3 (KAP3) gene expressed during the 'critical period' of rat brain differentiation was identified by us (Choi and Lee, 1999). KAP3 functions as a microtubule-based motor that transports membranous organelles anterogradely in cells, including neurons (Yamazaki et al., 1996). mRNA level of KAP3 gene markedly increased before the initiation of puberty. Neonatal treatment of estrogen clearly inhibited the prepubertal increase in KAP3 mRNA level (Choi and Lee, 1999). In the present study, we aimed to investigate the effects of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), as endocrine disruptors (EDs) on the expression of KAP3 gene during the 'critical period' of rat brain development. In our data, PCBs significantly decreased the expression of KAP3 gene in the fetal (day 17) and the neonatal (day 6 after birth in) male and female rat brains. The body weight and the breeding ability were significantly decreased in the PCBs-exposed rats compared with the control. These results showed that PCBs affect the transcriptional level of brain sexual differentiation related gene, KAP3, in the fetal and the neonatal rat brains. The maternal exposure to the PCBs may lead to toxic response in embryonic brain sexual differentiation and breeding ability after sexual maturation. This study indicates that KAP3 gene may be useful as a gene marker to analyze the molecular mechanism of toxic response in the animal brain development and sexual maturation exposed to PCBs.
Lee, Myoung-Jae,Park, Gyeong-Su,Seo, David H.,Kwon, Sung Min,Lee, Hyeon-Jun,Kim, June-Seo,Jung, MinKyung,You, Chun-Yeol,Lee, Hyangsook,Kim, Hee-Goo,Pang, Su-Been,Seo, Sunae,Hwang, Hyunsang,Park, Sung American Chemical Society 2018 ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES Vol.10 No.35
<P>Transition metal oxide-based memristors have widely been proposed for applications toward artificial synapses. In general, memristors have two or more electrically switchable stable resistance states that device researchers see as an analogue to the ion channels found in biological synapses. The mechanism behind resistive switching in metal oxides has been divided into electrochemical metallization models and valence change models. The stability of the resistance states in the memristor vary widely depending on: oxide material, electrode material, deposition conditions, film thickness, and programming conditions. So far, it has been extremely challenging to obtain reliable memristors with more than two stable multivalued states along with endurances greater than ∼1000 cycles for each of those states. Using an oxygen plasma-assisted sputter deposition method of noble metal electrodes, we found that the metal-oxide interface could be deposited with substantially lower interface roughness observable at the nanometer scale. This markedly improved device reliability and function, allowing for a demonstration of memristors with four completely distinct levels from ∼6 × 10<SUP>-6</SUP> to ∼4 × 10<SUP>-8</SUP> S that were tested up to 10<SUP>4</SUP> cycles per level. Furthermore through a unique in situ transmission electron microscopy study, we were able to verify a redox reaction-type model to be dominant in our samples, leading to the higher degree of electrical state controllability. For solid-state synapse applications, the improvements to electrical properties will lead to simple device structures, with an overall power and area reduction of at least 1000 times when compared to SRAM.</P> [FIG OMISSION]</BR>
Treatment for relapsed acute promyelocytic leukemia: what is the best post-remission treatment?
Gi-June Min,Byung-Sik Cho,Sung-Soo Park,Silvia Park,Young-Woo Jeon,Seung-Ah Yahng,Seung-Hawn Shin,Jae-Ho Yoon,Sung-Eun Lee,Ki-Seong Eom,Yoo-Jin Kim,Seok Lee,Chang-Ki Min,Seok-Goo Cho,Jong Wook Lee,Hee 대한혈액학회 2022 Blood Research Vol.57 No.3
Background Arsenic trioxide (ATO) is the standard treatment for relapsed acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL). However, consensus on post-remission therapies is still lacking. Methods We evaluated 52 patients who experienced relapse following initial treatment of APL between 2000 and 2019 at Catholic Hematology Hospital. Among them, 41 patients received reinduction treatment, 30 with ATO-based regimen, whereas 11 with conventional intensive chemotherapy (IC). Results The ATO reinduction group showed a significantly higher second molecular complete remission (mCR2) rate, superior neutrophil and platelet recovery, and a lower infection rate than the IC reinduction group. No significant differences were observed in survival outcomes after post-remission treatment among the ATO-based (N=19), autologous (N=12), and allogeneic (N=6) hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) groups. In the ATO-based and autologous HSCT groups, among patients with mCR2 after ATO reinduction, nine and five patients experienced a second relapse, respectively (50.7% vs. 41.7%, P=0.878). Among these patients, seven received salvage allogeneic HSCT; six remained alive. The other seven patients received ATO without HSCT. Five died from disease progression, and two survived and have been in mCR2 since. Conclusion Post-remission treatment outcomes of patients with relapsed APL were not significantly different, regardless of the treatment option, suggesting the feasibility of ATO-based treatment without HSCT in mCR2. Allogeneic HSCT may be an effective salvage treatment modality for patients with a second relapse. Owing to a few cases of relapsed APL, multicenter prospective studies may help elucidate the efficacy of each post-remission treatment.
레지오넬라증 예방 지침을 위한 건축 분야 전문가의 역할 및 필요성
이준혜(June Hae Lee),이세진(Se Jin Lee),조구상(Goo Sang Joe),여명석(Myoung Souk Yeo),이기영(Ki young Lee) 대한설비공학회 2018 대한설비공학회 학술발표대회논문집 Vol.2018 No.6
국내에서의 레지오넬라증 감염 보고 건수는 매년 증가 추세에 있으며 레지오넬라균은 인공수계에서 증식이 활발하다. 그에 따라 건물 내의 수계 관련 시스템에서의 관리를 위해서는 건축적 지식을 바탕으로 관리방안이 제시되어야 한다. 본 논문에서는 국내 레지오넬라 관리 지침 개선을 위한 국내 건축 전문가들의 레지오넬라 관리 방안에 대한 역할 및 필요성을 서술하였다. 인공수계 시스템에서의 레지오넬라증 증식 및 전파 경로 영향 분석 결과 균 생장 억제를 위해서는 건축분야의 전문 지식이 요구된다. 국내외 레지오넬라 관리 지침의 비교 분석을 통하여 건축분야에서의 기술지침이 필요하다. 마지막으로 레지오넬라 예방지침 적용에는 건축물과 관련된 현행 규정과 상충되는 방안에 대한 조율 및 개선에 대한 건축 분야 전문가의 역할이 필요하다.