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Kang, Seji,Seo, Sang Won,Kim, Joon Hyun,Shin, Y. American Physical Society 2017 Physical Review A Vol.95 No.5
<P>We investigate the phase-transition dynamics of a quasi-two-dimensional antiferromagnetic spin-1 Bose-Einstein condensate from the easy-axis polar phase to the easy-plane polar phase, which is initiated by suddenly changing the sign of the quadratic Zeeman energy q. We observe the emergence and decay of spin turbulence and the formation of half-quantum vortices (HQVs) in the quenched condensate. The characteristic time and length scales of the turbulence generation dynamics are proportional to vertical bar q vertical bar(-1/2) as inherited from the dynamic instability of the initial state. In the evolution of the spin turbulence, spin-wave excitations develop from large to small length scales, suggesting a direct energy cascade, and the spin population for the axial polar domains exhibit a nonexponential decay. The final equilibrated condensate contains HQVs, and the number is found to increase and saturate with increasing vertical bar q vertical bar. Our results demonstrate the time-space scaling properties of the phase-transition dynamics near the critical point and the peculiarities of the spin-turbulence state of the antiferromagnetic spinor condensate.</P>
Thalamus surface shape deformity in obsessive-compulsive disorder and schizophrenia
Kang, Do-Hyung,Kim, Sun Hyung,Kim, Chi-Won,Choi, Jung-Seok,Jang, Joon Hwan,Jung, Myung Hun,Lee, Jong-Min,Kim, Sun I.,Kwon, Jun Soo Lippincott Williams Wilkins, Inc. 2008 NEUROREPORT - Vol.19 No.6
The authors performed a three-dimensional shape deformation analysis to clarify the various patterns of specific thalamic nuclei abnormality using three age-matched and sex-matched groups of 22 patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), 22 patients with schizophrenia and 22 control participants. Compared with the healthy volunteers, the anterior, lateral outward surface deformities of the thalamus were significant in OCD patients, whereas the posterior, medial outward deformities of the thalamus were prominent in schizophrenia patients. In terms of thalamic asymmetry, both OCD and schizophrenia patients exhibited the loss of a leftward pattern of asymmetry on the posterior, medial surface of the thalamus. Different patterns of shape abnormality of specific thalamic nuclei may be related to the different phenomenology of OCD and schizophrenia.
Structural Health Monitoring Based on Electrical Impedance of a Carbon Nanotube Neuron
Kang, In Pil,Lee, Jong Won,Choi, Gyeong Rak,Jung, Joo Yung,Hwang, Sung Ho,Choi, Yeon Sun,Yoon, Kwang Joon,Schulz, Mark J. Trans Tech Publications, Ltd. 2006 Key Engineering Materials Vol.321 No.-
<P>This paper introduces a new sensor design based on a carbon nanotube structural neuron for structural health monitoring applications. The carbon nanotube neuron is a thin and narrow polymer film sensor that is bonded or deposited onto a structure. The electrochemical impedance (resistance and capacitance) of the neuron changes due to deterioration of the structure where the neuron is located. A network of the long carbon nanotube neurons can form a structural neural system to provide large area coverage and an assurance of the operational health of a structure without the need for actuators and complex wave propagation analyses that are used with other SHM methods. The neural system can also reduce the cost of health monitoring by using biomimetic signal processing to minimize the number of channels of data acquisition needed to detect damage. The carbon nanotube neuron is lightweight and easily applied to the structural surface, and there is no stress concentration, no piezoelectrics, no amplifier, and no storage of high frequency waveforms. The carbon nanotube neuron is expected to find applications in detecting damage and corrosion in large complex structures including composite and metallic aircraft and rotorcraft, bridges, and almost any type of structure with almost no penalty to the structure.</P>
Titanium dioxide nanoparticles trigger p53-mediated damage response in peripheral blood lymphocytes
Kang, Su Jin,Kim, Byeong Mo,Lee, Young Joon,Chung, Hai Won Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company 2008 Environmental and molecular mutagenesis Vol.49 No.5
<P>Titanium dioxide nanoparticles (nano-TiO<SUB>2</SUB>) are widely used as a photocatalyst in air and water remediation. These nanoparticles are known to induce toxicity; however, their cytotoxic mechanism is not fully understood. In this study, we investigated the underlying mechanism of nano-TiO<SUB>2</SUB>-induced cytotoxicity in peripheral blood lymphocytes. We examined the genotoxic effects of nano-TiO<SUB>2</SUB> in lymphocytes using alkaline single-cell gel electrophoresis (Comet) and cytokinesis-block micronucleus (CBMN) assays. Lymphocytes treated with nano-TiO<SUB>2</SUB> showed significantly increased micronucleus formation and DNA breakage. Western-blot analysis to identify proteins involved in the p53-mediated response to DNA damage revealed the accumulation of p53 and activation of DNA damage checkpoint kinases in nano-TiO<SUB>2</SUB>-treated lymphocytes. However, p21 and bax, downstream targets of p53, were not affected, indicating that nano-TiO<SUB>2</SUB> does not stimulate transactivational activity of p53. The generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in nano-TiO<SUB>2</SUB>-treated cells was also observed, andN-acetylcysteine (NAC) supplementation inhibited the level of nano-TiO<SUB>2</SUB>-induced DNA damage. Given that ROS-induced DNA damage leads to p53 activation in the DNA damage response, our results suggest that nano-TiO<SUB>2</SUB> induces ROS generation in lymphocytes, thereby activating p53-mediated DNA damage checkpoint signals. Environ. Mol. Mutagen., 2008. © 2008 Wiley-Liss, Inc.</P>
Kang, Kyoung Ah,Zhang, Rui,Piao, Mei Jing,Lee, Kyoung Hwa,Kim, Bum Joon,Kim, So Young,Kim, Hee Sun,Kim, Dong Hyun,You, Ho Jin,Hyun, Jin Won Informa Healthcare 2007 Free radical research Vol.41 No.6
<P> The present study investigated the cytoprotective properties of glycitein, a metabolite formed by the transformation of glycitin by intestinal microflora, against oxidative stress. Glycitein was found to scavenge intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS), and 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical, and thereby preventing lipid peroxidation and DNA damage. Glycitein inhibited apoptosis of Chinese hamster lung fibroblast (V79-4) cells exposed to hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) via radical scavenging activity. Glycitein abrogated the activation of c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) induced by H2O2 treatment and inhibited DNA binding activity of activator protein-1 (AP-1), a downstream transcription factor of JNK. Taken together, these findings suggest that glycitein protected H2O2 induced cell death in V79-4 cells by inhibiting ROS generation and JNK activation.</P>
The Effects of Whitening Components on Human Melanocytes on vitro
( Joon-hwan Cho ),( Ki-moo Lee ),( Nam-soo Kim ),( Won-hyoung Kang ) 대한화장품학회 1997 대한화장품학회지 Vol.23 No.3
To identify inhibitors of melanogenesis, we compared the effects of 5 compounds on mushroom tyrosinase, human melanocytic tyrosinase activity and melanin content. The cytotoxicyty of the components were also tested on cultured human melanoctes. Kojic acid showed marked inhibitory effect both on mushroom and human tyrosinase activity. This action of kijic acid is stronger than that of ascorbic acid. Arbutin inhibited human tyrosinase activity of cultured melanocytes although it had slightly inhibitory effect on mushroom tyrosinase activity. Azelaic acid had no effect on human tyrosinase activity. Melanin production was inhibited significantly by kojic acid and tranexamic acid. MTT assay showed that all of the compounds were non-cytotoxic to melanocytes at the concentrations tested. These results suggest that the effect of kojic acid on cultured meanocytes involve inhibition of tyrosinase activity and melanogenesis without affection the cell number.
Trastuzumab Exposure during Pregnancy with Invasive Breast Cancer
( Joon Won Min ),( Yun Dan Kang ) 대한주산의학회 2017 大韓周産醫學會雜誌 Vol.28 No.4
Trastuzumab is a monoclonal antibody used for the treatment of human epidermal growth factor receptor-2 positive breast cancer. There is a little information in the literature regarding the safe use of trastuzumab in pregnancy, although some reports suggest an increased risk of oligohydramnios. We present a case of woman on trastuzumab therapy for breast cancer who became pregnant and delivered healthy live infant.