Comparative evaluation of the algorithms for parametric mapping of the novel myocardial PET imaging agent ¹⁸ F-FPTP

Kim, Ji Who,Seo, Seongho,Kim, Hyeon Sik,Kim, Dong-Yeon,Lee, Ho-Young,Kang, Keon Wook,Lee, Dong Soo,Bom, Hee-Seung,Min, Jung-Joon,Lee, Jae Sung Springer Japan 2017 Annals of nuclear medicine Vol.31 No.6

<P><B>Objective</B></P><P>(<SUP>18</SUP>F-fluoropentyl)triphenylphosphonium salt (<SUP>18</SUP>F-FPTP) is a new promising myocardial PET imaging tracer. It shows high accumulation in cardiomyocytes and rapid clearance from liver. We performed compartmental analysis of <SUP>18</SUP>F-FPTP PET images in rat and evaluated two linear analyses: linear least-squares (LLS) and a basis function method (BFM) for generating parametric images. The minimum dynamic scan duration for kinetic analysis was also investigated and computer simulation undertaken.</P><P><B>Methods</B></P><P><SUP>18</SUP>F-FPTP dynamic PET (18 min) and CT images were acquired from rats with myocardial infarction (MI) (<I>n</I> = 12). Regions of interest (ROIs) were on the left ventricle, normal myocardium, and MI region. Two-compartment (<I>K</I><SUB>1</SUB> and <I>k</I><SUB>2</SUB>; 2C2P) and three-compartment (<I>K</I><SUB>1</SUB>–<I>k</I><SUB>3</SUB>; 3C3P) models with irreversible uptake were compared for goodness-of-fit. Partial volume and spillover correction terms (<I>V</I><SUB><I>a</I></SUB> and <I>α</I> = 1 − <I>V</I><SUB><I>a</I></SUB>) were also incorporated. LLS and BFM were applied to ROI- and voxel-based kinetic parameter estimations. Results were compared with the standard ROI-based nonlinear least-squares (NLS) results of the corresponding compartment model. A simulation explored statistical properties of the estimation methods.</P><P><B>Results</B></P><P>The 2C2P model was most suitable for describing <SUP>18</SUP>F-FPTP kinetics. Average <I>K</I><SUB>1</SUB>, <I>k</I><SUB>2</SUB>, and <I>V</I><SUB><I>a</I></SUB> values were, respectively, 6.8 (ml/min/g), 1.1 (min<SUP>−1</SUP>), and 0.44 in normal myocardium and 1.4 (ml/min/g), 1.1 (min<SUP>−1</SUP>), and 0.32, in MI tissue. Ten minutes of data was sufficient for the estimation. LLS and BFM estimations correlated well with NLS values for the ROI level (<I>K</I><SUB>1</SUB>: <I>y</I> = 1.06<I>x</I> + 0.13, <I>r</I><SUP><I>2</I></SUP> = 0.96 and <I>y</I> = 1.13<I>x</I> + 0.08, <I>r</I><SUP><I>2</I></SUP> = 0.97) and voxel level (<I>K</I><SUB>1</SUB>: <I>y</I> = 1.22<I>x</I> − 0.30, <I>r</I><SUP><I>2</I></SUP> = 0.90 and <I>y</I> = 1.26<I>x</I> + 0.00, <I>r</I><SUP><I>2</I></SUP> = 0.92). Regional distribution of kinetic parametric images (<I>αK</I><SUB>1</SUB>, <I>K</I><SUB>1</SUB>, <I>k</I><SUB>2</SUB>, <I>V</I><SUB>a</SUB>) was physiologically relevant. LLS and BFM showed more robust characteristics than NLS in the simulation.</P><P><B>Conclusions</B></P><P>Fast kinetics and highly specific uptake of <SUP>18</SUP>F-FPTP by myocardium enabled quantitative analysis with the 2C2P model using only the initial 10 min of data. LLS and BFM were feasible for estimating voxel-wise parameters. These two methods will be useful for quantitative evaluation of <SUP>18</SUP>F-FPTP distribution in myocardium and in further studies with different conditions, disease models, and species.</P><P><B>Electronic supplementary material</B></P><P>The online version of this article (doi:10.1007/s12149-017-1171-6) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.</P>

Chlorpropamide 2-hydroxylation is catalysed by CYP2C9 and CYP2C19 <i>in vitro</i>: chlorpropamide disposition is influenced by CYP2C9, but not by CYP2C19 genetic polymorphism

Shon, Ji-Hong,Yoon, Young-Ran,Kim, Min-Jung,Kim, Kyoung-Ah,Lim, Young-Chae,Liu, Kwang-Hyeon,Shin, Dong-Hoon,Lee, Chung Han,Cha, In-June,Shin, Jae-Gook Blackwell Science Ltd 2005 British journal of clinical pharmacology Vol.59 No.5

<P>Aims</P><P>We evaluated the involvement of cytochrome P450 (CYP) isoforms 2C9 and 2C19 in chlorpropamide 2-hydroxylation <I>in vitro</I> and in chlorpropamide disposition <I>in vivo</I>.</P><P>Methods</P><P>To identify CYP isoforms(s) that catalyse 2-hydroxylation of chlorpropamide, the incubation studies were conducted using human liver microsomes and recombinant CYP isoforms. To evaluate whether genetic polymorphisms of CYP2C9 and/or CYP2C19 influence the disposition of chlorpropamide, a single oral dose of 250 mg chlorpropamide was administered to 21 healthy subjects pregenotyped for CYP2C9 and CYP2C19.</P><P>Results</P><P>In human liver microsomal incubation studies, the formation of 2-hydroxychlorpropamide (2-OH-chlorpropamide), a major chlorpropamide metabolite in human, has been best described by a one-enzyme model with estimated <I>K</I><SUB><I>m</I></SUB> and <I>V</I><SUB>max</SUB> of 121.7 ± 19.9 µ<SMALL>M</SMALL> and 16.1 ± 5.0 pmol min<SUP>−1</SUP> mg<SUP>−1</SUP> protein, respectively. In incubation studies using human recombinant CYP isoforms, however, 2-OH-chlorpropamide was formed by both CYP2C9 and CYP2C19 with similar intrinsic clearances (CYP2C9 <I>vs.</I> CYP2C19: 0.26 <I>vs.</I> 0.22 µl min<SUP>−1</SUP> nmol<SUP>−1</SUP> protein). Formation of 2-OH-chlorpropamide in human liver microsomes was significantly inhibited by sulfaphenazole, but not by <I>S</I>-mephenytoin, ketoconazole, quinidine, or furafylline. In <I>in vivo</I> clinical trials, eight subjects with the <I>CYP2C9</I>*<I>1/</I>*<I>3</I> genotype exhibited significantly lower nonrenal clearance [*<I>1/</I>*<I>3 vs.</I>*<I>1/</I>*<I>1</I>: 1.8 ± 0.2 <I>vs.</I> 2.4 ± 0.1 ml h<SUP>−1</SUP> kg<SUP>−1</SUP>, <I>P</I> < 0.05; 95% confidence interval (CI) on the difference 0.2, 1.0] and higher metabolic ratios (of chlorpropamide/2-OH-chlorpropamide in urine: *<I>1/</I>*<I>3 vs.</I>*<I>1/</I>*<I>1</I>: 1.01 ± 0.19 <I>vs.</I> 0.56 ± 0.08, <I>P</I> < 0.05; 95% CI on the difference − 0.9, − 0.1) than did 13 subjects with <I>CYP2C9</I>*<I>1/</I>*<I>1</I> genotype. In contrast, no differences in chlorpropamide pharmacokinetics were observed for subjects with the <I>CYP2C19</I> extensive metabolizer <I>vs.</I> poor metabolizer genotypes.</P><P>Conclusions</P><P>These results suggest that chlorpropamide disposition is principally determined by CYP2C9 activity <I>in vivo</I>, although both CYP2C9 and CYP2C19 have a catalysing activity of chlorpropamide 2-hydroxylation pathway.</P>

Fumaric acid와 mild heat의 병합 처리에 따른 시금치의 저장 중 미생물 제어 효과

손현정 ( Hyeon Jeong Son ),강지훈 ( Ji Hoon Kang ),오덕환 ( Deog Hwan Oh ),민세철 ( Sea Cheol Min ),송경빈 ( Kyung Bin Song ) 한국응용생명화학회 2016 Journal of Applied Biological Chemistry (J. Appl. Vol.59 No.1

시금치에 fumaric acid와 mild heat의 병합처리를 통해 병원성 미생물 제어효과를 규명하고자 시금치에 E. coli O157:H7, L. mon℃ytogenes 를 접종한 후 각 단일처리 후 미생물 수 변화를 측정하였다. Fumaric acid (0.1, 0.3, 0.5%)와 mild heat (40, 50, 60℃)의 각 단일처리 실험 결과를 토대로, 병합처리를 위한 fumaric acid의 최적농도는 0.5%, mild heat 처리조건으로 50℃ 에서 5 min으로 선정하였고, 병합처리 시 L. mon℃ytogenes, E. coli O157:H7의 수는 대조구에 비해 각각 2.53, 2.62 log CFU/g 감소하였다. 그리고 신선한 시금치에 병합처리 후 4℃에서 12일간 저장하면서 미생물 수 감소 및 품질 변화를 조사하였다. 시금치의 초기 미생물 수에 있어서 대조구와 비교하여, 병합 처리구에서 총 호기성 균을 2.77 log CFU/g 감소시켰다. 특히, 저장 12일 후 병합 처리구의 총 호기성 균 수는 4.84 log CFU/g으로 대조구와 비교하여 1.82 log CFU/g의 감균 효과를 가졌다. 또한 시금치의 저장 중 Hunter 색도 값 및 비타민 C 함량에 있어서 처리구 간의 유의적인 차이를 보이지 않았다. 따라서 본 연구 결과, fumaric acid와 mild heat의 병합처리가 시금치의 미생물학적 안전성 유지에 효과적인 처리라고 판단된다. The objective of this study was to examine the combined effect of fumaric acid with mild heat on the inactivation of microorganisms on spinach. Spinach leaves were in℃ulated with Escherichia coli O157:H7 and Listeria mon℃ytogenes. Based on the results of single treatment of fumaric acid (0.1, 0.3, and 0.5%) or mild heat (40, 50, and 60℃) regarding the inactivation of the in℃ulated bacteria, the optimal condition for the combined treatment was suggested to be 0.5% fumaric acid and mild heat treatment at 50℃ for 5 min. The combined treatment of fumaric acid with mild heat caused 2.53 and 2.62 log reductions of the populations of L. mon℃ytogenes and E. coli O157:H7, respectively. In addition, during storage of fresh spinach at 4℃ for 12 d, the combined treatment reduced initially the populations of total aerobic bacteria by 2.77 log CFU/g compared with the control. In particular, after 12 d of storage, the population of total aerobic bacteria for the combined treatment sample was 4.84 log CFU/g, whereas the control sample had 6.66 log CFU/g. Color and vitamin C content of spinach samples were not altered significantly by the combined treatment during storage. These results indicate that the combined treatment of fumaric acid with mild heat is an effective method to control microorganisms on spinach during storage.

헬스케어용 가다랑어(Katsuwonus pelamis) 통조림의 제조 및 특성

김현정 ( Hyeon Jeong Kim ),김민지 ( Min Ji Kim ),김기현 ( Ki Hyun Kim ),지성준 ( Seung Jun Ji ),임경훈 ( Kyung Hun Lim ),박권현 ( Kwon Hyun Park ),신준호 ( Joon Ho Shin ),허민수 ( Min Soo Heu ),김진수 ( Jin Soo Kim ) 한국수산과학회 2012 한국수산과학회지 Vol.45 No.3

This study was conducted to prepare canned skipjack tuna Katsuwonus pelamis in the mixture of isotonic beverage and tomato paste (ST-S) for use as a health food. An analysis of the time-temperature profile and viable cells showed that a reasonable F0 value for ST-S preparation was 4 min. The proximate composition of ST-S was 76.8% moisture, 20.2% crude protein, 0.8% crude lipid, 1.7% ash and 0.5% carbohydrate. The calorie content of ST-S was 94.8 kcal, which is 47.4% lower than that of commercial canned skipjack tuna in oil (ST-O) and 2.2% lower than that of commercial chicken breast in water (CB-B). The total amino acid content of ST-S was 18.54 g/100 g, which is 31.4% lower than that of ST-O and 7.9% lower than that of CB-B. The major amino acids in ST-S were aspartic acid and glutamic acid. An enrichment effect due to such minerals as phosphorus, potassium and iron would be expected on consuming 100 g of ST-S. The major fatty acids in ST-S were 16:0 (27.4%), 18:1n-9 (14.3%) and 22:6n-3 (27.8%), which are different from those in ST-O and CB-B. The major free amino acids in ST-S were glutamic acid (8.1%), histidine (38.6%) and its related dipeptide, such as anserine (15.7%). In an evaluation of taste, flavor and color, ST-S was found to be superior to ST-O and CB-B.

연구 논문 : 전기화학적 마이크로머시닝 기술을 이용한 균일한 니오븀 표면 에칭 연구

김경민 ( Kyung Min Kim ),유현석 ( Hyeon Seok Yoo ),박지영 ( Ji Young Park ),신소운 ( So Woon Shin ),최진섭 ( Jin Sub Choi ) 한국공업화학회 2014 공업화학 Vol.25 No.1

본 연구에서는 micro-contact printing을 통하여 니오븀 호일 표면 위에 균일한 에칭 pits를 형성하였다. 균일한 보호층을 형성하고자 전해연마의 효과를 확인하였으며, 기존의 O2 플라즈마 공정 없이 손쉽게 균일한 에칭 pits를 형성시킬 수 있는 조건을 확인하였다. 메탄올 혼합 전해질을 사용하여 10 min 동안 에칭을 진행한 결과 니오븀 호일 표면 위에 지름과 간격이 각각 10 μm와 5 μm로 잘 정렬된 에칭 pits를 관찰하였다. We describe the preparation of highly-ordered etching pits on the Nb foil through a micromachining. The effects of electro-chemical polishing on the formation of uniformly-patterned protective epoxy layer was investigated. Unlike the previous proc-ess using O2 plasma, well-ordered etched pits were prepared without any dry processes. As a result, the Nb foil with the well-ordered pits of 10 μm × 5 μm could be obtained by electrochemical etching in methanolic electrolytes for 10 min.

치과용 금합금의 표면처리에 따른 교정용 브라켓의 전단결합강도 변화

민지현,황현식,이기헌,박병주 전남대학교 치과대학 2000 전남치대논문집 Vol.12 No.1

A bracket bonding to the dental gold alloy shows a lower bond strength than the natural teeth, and this can be a possible source of subsequent bond failure. This study aims to evaluate the effect of various gold alloy surface treatment techniques on shear bond strength between the orthodontic adhesives and the gold alloy and to find ways of increasing the bond strength. Two hundred and forty specimens made of the dental gold alloy were divided into twelve groups based on the combination of surface treatment methods(non-surface treatment, sandblasted, sandblasted plus tin-plated, and sandblasted plus intermediate adhesive) and adhesive systems(Ortho-one, Panavia 21, Superbond C&B). The specimens with brackets bonded were placed in distilled water at 37℃ for 24 hours and shear bond strength was measured by a universal testing machine. The results were as follows: 1. All surface-treated groups showed a significantly higher shear bond strength than non-surface-treated groups. 2. The sandblasted plus tin-plated group showed a significantly higher shear bond strength than the sandblasted group only when Panavia 21 was involved. 3. The sandblasted plus intermediate adhesive group showed a significantly higher shear bond strength than sandblasted group regardless of the type of adhesive used. 4. Of the three resin adhesive types, the Superbond C&B showed the highest bond strength, followed by Panavia 21 and Ortho-one. These findings suggest that a combination of sandblasting and intermediate resin treatment is desirable in order to enhance bracket bond strength regardless of adhesive types.

Ipriflavone 투여가 백서의 실험적 치아이동 후 치주조직의 재형성에 미치는 영향

민지현,조진형,이기헌,황현식 대한치과교정학회 2008 대한치과교정학회지 Vol.38 No.5

본 연구는 치아이동 후 ipriflavone 투여가 치주조직의 재형성, 나아가 치아회귀 억제에 미치는 영향을 알아보기 위하여 시행되었다. 웅성 백서 72마리를 대상으로 상악 좌우측 제1, 2구치 사이에 교정용 고무밴드를 끼워 제1, 2구치를 3주간 이동시킨 다음, 교정용 고무밴드 제거 1일 전부터 매일 체중 kg당 50 mg 또는 400 mg의 ipriflavone을 투여한 실험군과 ipriflavone을 투여하지 않은 대조군으로 구분하였다. 교정용 고무밴드를 제거함으로써 회귀가 나타나기 시작한 날로부터 5일 간격으로 15일까지 각각 실험동물을 희생시켜가며 치아회귀 거리를 계측하는 한편 치주조직 재형성 소견을 관찰하였다. Ipriflavone을 투여하고 치아회귀를 관찰한 결과 용량에 관계없이 대조군에 비하여 적은 양의 회귀를 나타내었으며 시간 간격에 따른 치아회귀를 관찰한 결과 대부분의 회귀가 5일째 나타난 대조군과 달리, 늦게 그리고 점진적으로 나타나는 양상을 보였다. Ipriflavone을 투여하고 조직소견을 관찰한 결과 대조군에 비하여 치조골연이 매끄러운 양상을 보였으며 시간 간격에 따른 조직소견을 관찰한 결과 대조군에 비하여 치주인대 재배열이 빠르게 나타나는 양상을 보였다. 이상의 결과는 ipriflavone의 투여가 치주조직의 재형성을 통하여 회귀를 억제함으로 교정적 치아이동 후 보정에 도움이 될 수 있음을 시사하였다. Objective: The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of ipriflavone on periodontal reorganization and prevention of relapse following tooth movement. Methods: Orthodontic rubber bands were inserted between the first and second maxillary molars of 27 white male rats for 3 weeks for experimental tooth movement. From one day before the removal of orthodontic rubber band, ipriflavone was administered 50 or 400 mg/kg daily in each experimental group whereas carboxymethyl cellulose solution was administered in the control group. They were sacrificed at the 5, 10, and 15th day from the day of removal of orthodontic rubber bands. The amount of relapse was evaluated by measuring the interdental space, and the extent of periodontal reorganization was compared through histological examination. Results: In case of ipriflavone administration, the amount and velocity of relapse was less and slower compared to the control group. In addition, the ipriflavone group showed more rapid periodontal reorganization compared to the control group. Conclusions: The results of the present study suggest that ipriflavone administration can be used effectively in the prevention of relapse following orthodontic tooth movement through the acceleration of periodontal reorganization.

치과용 금합금의 표면처리에 따른 교정용 브라켓의 전단결합강도 변화

민지현,황현식,김종철 대한치과교정학회 2000 대한치과교정학회지 Vol.30 No.4

치과용 금합금에 브라켓을 부착하는 경우 자연치에 비하여 낮은 결합강도를 보이며, 잦은 브라켓 탈락이 나타나고 있는 바, 본 연구는 여러 가지 금합금 표면처리 방법이 교정용 레진 접착제와 금합금 간의 전단결합강도에 미치는 영향을 평가하여 금합금과 브라켓 간의 부착강도 증진방법을 모색하고자 시행하였다. 치과용 금합금으로 주조된 240개의 시편을 표면처리 유무 및 방법에 따라 무처리, 샌드블라스팅 단독처리, 샌드블라스팅과 주석도금 병용처리, 그리고 샌드블라스팅과 중간접착제 병용처리의 4가지 경우와, Ortho-one, Panavia 21, Superbond C&B의 3가지 레진접착제의 조합에 의해 12군으로 나누어 브라켓을 부착하였다. 시편을 증류수에 담아 37℃ 항온 수조 속에서 24시간 동안 보관한 후, 만능물성 시험기를 이용하여 전단결합강도를 측정한 후 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 1.치과용 금합금의 표면을 처리하지 않은 경우에 비하여 표면처리한 군에서 통계적으로 유의하게 높은 전단결합강도가 나타났다. 2.샌드블라스팅 단독처리에 비하여 주석도금 병용처리를 시행한 경우 Panavia 21에서만 유의한 결합강도 증가가 나타났다. 3.샌드블라스팅 단독처리에 비하여 중간접착제 병용처리를 시행한 경우 모든 접착제에서 유의한 결합강도 증가가 나타났다. 4.사용된 레진접착제에 따른 전단결합강도를 비교한 결과 Superbond C&B가 가장 높고 그 다음으로 Panavia 21, Ortho-one 순으로 나타나는 양상을 보였다. 이상의 결과는 금합금 표면에서 브라켓 부착강도를 증가시키기 위해서는 레진접착제 종류에 관계없이 샌드블라스팅과 중간접착제 병용처리가 필요함을 시사하였다. The dental gold alloy shows a lower bond strength than the natural teeth in bracket bonding, and this can be a possible source of subsequent bond failure. This study aims to evaluate the effect of various gold alloy surface treatment techniques on shear bond strength between the orthodontic adhesives and the gold alloy and to find ways of increasing the bond strength. Two hundred and forty specimens made of the dental fold alloy were divided into twelve groups based on the combination of surface treatment methods(non-surface treatment, sandblasted, sandblasted plus tin-plated, and sandblasted plus intermediate adhesive) and adhesive systems (Ortho-one, Panavia 21, Superbond C&B). The specimens with bonded brackets were placed in distilled water at 37℃ for 24 hours and shear bond strength was measured by a universal testing machine. The results were as follows: 1.All surface-treated groups showed a significantly higher shear bond strength than non-surface-treated groups. 2.The sandblasted plus tin-plated group showed a significantle higher shear bond strength than the sandblasted group only when Panavia 21 was involved. 3.The sandblasted plus intermediate adhesive group showed a significantly higher shear bond strength than sandblasted group regardless of the type of adhesive used. 4.Of the three resin adhesive types, the Superbond C&B showed the highest bond strength, followed by Panavia 21 and Ortho-one. These findings suggest that a combination of sandblasting and intermediate resin treatment is desirable in order to enhance bracket bond strength regardless of adhesive types.

단면형상변화에 따른 점용접 부재의 에너지흡수 특성

최영민,차천석,김지훈,서현경,양인영 한국공작기계학회 2006 한국공작기계학회 추계학술대회논문집 Vol.2006 No.-

The front-end side members of vehicles absorb the most of the energy during the front-end collision. These side members are mostly consist of single hat shape. The side members absorb more energy under axial load if they have higher strength, and stable folding capacity (local buckling). When structural members are subjected to axial loadings, stress is concentrated on their edges. Thus, in this study, the energy absorption characteristics of the member were analyzed according to change of sectional shape for increase of strength. The side members consist of single hat, double hat, single cap and double cap section member. Based on the static test result of these side member, the impact simulation were carried out and compared with test result.

소비자의 농산물 표시 이용현황과 개선방향

이계임,최지현,김민정 한국식품유통학회 2004 食品流通硏究 Vol.21 No.4

The purpose of this study is to evaluate current food labeling system based on consumer survey and to suggest policy directions for the future demand. The survey showed that consumers are mostly concerned about country of origin labeling for vegetables, and the place produced and country of origin labeling for fruits. Only 15 percent of consumers have recognized types of organic food labeling and its certifications, impling government's public information are not well conducted. In order to promote understanding and utilization of food labeling, it is necessary to improve the style of labeling such as the size and location based on consumers' need. The basic idea for the improvement of public information for food labeling includes following aspects : consistent public relations for food labeling by news media, providing information related to food labeling through the related web site and hot telephone line, strengthening role and function of volunteer's monitering system.