망간흄에 노출된 용접근로자의 뇌자기공명영상과 신경학적 소견의 관련성

장혜숙,박정일,구정완,임현우,김지홍,이정욱,한시령,이강숙,피영규 大韓産業醫學會 1998 대한직업환경의학회지 Vol.10 No.2

This study was carried out to investigate the relationship between brain magnetic resonance imaging(MRI) and neurological findings in welders exposed to manganese fume. Thirty five welders from a bus manufacturing factory who were occupationally exposed to low dose manganese fume were examined. We collected the information on the demographic factors and welding careers. Laboratory investigations included blood and urine manganese concentration and blood chemistry. Brain MRI was checked, and high signal intensity of the globus pallidus was graded from 0 to 3 compared to the white matter of the frontal lobe. Neurologic examination was carried out. The results were as follows; 1. The mean age of workers 48.3±5.7 years, mean duration of welding was 21.4±5.6 years. 2. On brain MRI, high signal intensity in the globus pallidus was observed in 27 workers(77.1%). Among them, 18 cases(66.7%) showed remarkedly high signal intensity(grade 2). Mean concentration of blood manganese was higher in those with high signal intensity and correlated to the grade of high signal intensity(p=0.02). 3. On neurologic examination, no workers showed the finding of typical parkinsonism. But 11 workers(31.4%) showed subtle neurological abnormalities such as gait without associated arm movement, postural instability, intention tremor, and so on. Blood manganese concentration of neurologically abnormal group was 2.4±0.7 μg/dL, which was significantly higher, compared to 1.8±0.7μg/dL of neurologically normal group(p=0.03). 4. Among 27 workers who showed high signal intensity on brain MRI, 10 workers(37%) were neurologically abnormal. Higher grade of signal intensity on globus pallidus showed higher rate of neorologic abnormality(p<0.05). Especially postural instability and gait without associated arm movement were prominent findings. These findings suggest that high signal intensity on brain MRI might be associated with a prodromal sign of manganese intoxication. Careful neurologic examination should be followed up on welders showing high signal intensity in the golbus pallidus of brain MRI.

임상 증상이 심하지 않은 심낭 삼출 환자의 장기 추적 결과

배장호,김기식,강미숙,남명희,김미정,김민수,김기영,님창욱,김윤년,김권배,정시전,김여희 대한순환기학회 1999 Korean Circulation Journal Vol.29 No.7

Cyclic AMP analog와 PGE2가 마우스 조골세포의 활성에 미치는 영향

김형룡,김장숙 원광대학교 생체재료·매식연구소 1996 원광생체재료·매식 Vol.5 No.2

To maintain its functional integrity, bone is continuously remodelled by a process involving resorption by osteoclasts and bone formation by osteoblasts. In order to respond to changes in the physical environment or to trauma with the relevant action, this process is strictly regulated by locally synthesized or systemic fators. Prostaglandin E_2(PGE_2) is perhaps one of the best studied of these factors, having been known to affect bone cell function for several decades. PGE_2 has both anabolic and catabolic activities. Excess levels of PGE_2 have been implicated in a number of pathological states associated with bone loss such as a number of chronic inflammatory conditions such as periodontal disease and rheumatoid arthritis. PGE_2 and other arachidonic acid metabolites have been shown to be potent stimulators of osteoclastic bone resorption in organ culture. The anabolic effects of PGE_2 were first noticed when an increase in periosteal woven bone formation was seen after the infusion of PGE_2 into infants in order to prevent closure of the ductus arteriosus. The cellular basis for the catabolic actions of PGE_2 has been well characterized. PGE_2 increase osteoclast recruitment in bone marrow cell cultures. PGE_2 also has a direct action on osteoclast serving to inhibit activity and can also indirectly activate osteoclast via other cells in the vicinity, presumably osteoblast. The cellular mechanisms for the anabolic actions of PGE_2 are not nearly so well understood. The purpose of this paper is to study the anabolic actions of PGE_2 on osteoblastic clone MC3T3E1 cells. The effects of DBcAMP and PGE_2 on the induction of alkaline phosphatase(ALP) was investigated in osteoblastic clone MC3T3E1 cells cultured in medium containing 0.4% fetal bovine serum. DBcAMP and PGE_2 stimulated ALP activity and MTT assay in the cells in a dose-dependent manner at concentrations of 10-500ng/ml. Cycloheximide, protein synthesis inhibitor, inhibited the stimulative effect of PGE_2 and DBcAMP on ALP activity in the cells. PGE_2 also increased the intracellular cAMP content in a dose-dependent fashion with a maximal effect at 500ng/ml. Our present results suggest that PGE_2 stimulate the differentiation of osteoblasts and are involved in bone formation in vivo, as well as in bone resorption.

Nitric Oxide가 골개조에 미치는 영향

방병관,강정숙,채한정,김형룡 원광대학교 생체재료·매식연구소 1998 원광생체재료·매식 Vol.7 No.1

Nitric oxide(NO) is known to be implicated in bone metabolism, especially as a mediator of cytokine effects for remodeling of bone tissue. In this study we examine whether NO affects osteoblast activation of osteoblast or osteoclastic differentiation in primary mouse osteblast-like and osteosarcoma ROS 17/2.8 cells. Primary osteoblast and ROS 17/2.8 cells release NO upon stimulation of interleukin-1β, tumour necrosis factor-α, and interferon-γ. Sodium nitroprusside, a donor of NO, increases the activity of alkaline phosphatase in ROS 17/2.8 cells as well as the number of calcified nodule formations in primary mouse osteoblast-like cells. Sodium nitroprusside also completely also completely inhibites 1 α,25-(OH)_2D_3-induced osteoclast genration in a high concentration (100 μM). However, low concentrations of sodium nitroprusside (3∼30 μM) significantly increase the generation of osteoclasts. These results that NO appears to be an important regulatory molecule in the processes of bone formation and resorption. Hence, NO may be involved in the pathogenesis of bone loss in diseases associated with cytokine activation such as periodontal disease and rheumatoid arthritis.

Prostaglandin E_2 와 Phorbol Myristate Acetate가 조골세포의 활성에 미치는 영향

김형룡,김장숙 원광대학교 생체재료·매식연구소 1996 원광생체재료·매식 Vol.5 No.2

PGE_2 has both anabolic and catabolic activities. Excess levels of PGE_2 have been implicated in a number of pathological states associated with bone loss such as a number of chronic inflammatory conditions such as periodontal disease and rheumatoid arthritis. PGE_2 and other arachidonic acid metabolites have been shown to be potent stimulators of osteoclastic bone resorption in organ culture. The anabolic effects of PGE_2 were first noticed when an increase in periosteal woven bone formation was seen after the infusion of PGE_2 into infants in order to prevent closure of the ductus arteriosus. The cellular basis for the catabolic actions of PGE_2 has been well characterized. PGE_2 increases osteoclast recruitment in bone marrow cell cultures. PGE_2 also has a direct action on osteoclast serving to inhibit activity and can also indirectly activate osteoclast via other cells in the vicinity, presumably osteoblast. PKC was reported to be involved in the action of osteotropic hormones. PTH primarily affects osteoblasts and increases irrtracellular cAMP level, and PTH-stimulated osteoblasts may produce and release the substances that activate osteoclasts. PKC may mediate the action of PTH in osteoblasts. Moreover, PKC increase the number of receptors for 1,25-(OH)_2D_3 in the osteoblasts. The purpose of this paper is to study the actions of PGE_2 and PMA on osteoblastic clone MC3T3E1 cells. The effect of PMA and PGE_2 on the induction of alkaline phosphatase(ALP) was investigated in osteoblastic clone MC3T3E1 cells clutured in medium containing 04% fetal bovine serum. PMA and PGE_2 stimulated ALP activity and MTT assay in the cells in a dose-dependent manner at concentrations of 10-500ng/ml. Cycloheximide, protein synthesis inhibitor, inhibited the stimulative effect of PGE_2 and PMA on ALP activiy in the cells. PGE_2 also increased the intracellular cAMP content in a dose-dependent fashion with a maximal effect at 500ng/ml. Our present results suggest that PGE_2 stimulate the differentiation of osteooblasts and are involved in bone formation in vivo, as well as in bone resorption.

복수과 진료 환자의 중복 처방에 대한 분석 및 평가

이지은,장혜경,오지영,유윤경,김현지,임숙인,연숙희,강진숙,최귀령 한국병원약사회 2003 병원약사회지 Vol.20 No.1

In an aging society, there is an increasing possibility of the duplication of the drugs given to patients because they take many kinds of drugs. Among the prescriptions given to the patients who was treated at multiple ambulatory clinics in St. Mary's hospital for one month of September, 2002, in which drugs that has identical or similar effects are prescribed, we analysed and evaluated them by patients' characteristics, kinds of medication, severity of side effects on a case by case basis. More, we assessed the potential additional costs. As a result of this study, the duplication rate turned out to be 6.69% and it was shown that the proportion of the elderly patients over 60 was high. The gastro-intestinal medications took up a large part and most of the cases showed that the danger caused by double taking of medicine was slight, but there were some examples in which the serious side effects were predicted. Expected additional costs were the average 11.349 won and it ranges from the minimum of 56 won to the maximum of 135,720 won. In conclusion, the management of drug histories of the patients who need the plural treatments is very important and the necessity of the individual and professional guidance of taking medicines for the elderly patients is emerged, too.

Lidocaine에 의한 경련이 뇌조직에서 c-fos 발현에 미치는 영향

조성범,채한정,강장숙,김형룡 원광대학교 생체재료·매식연구소 1998 원광생체재료·매식 Vol.7 No.1

Recently, a variety of stimuli including convulsion, ischemia and noxious stimuli have been shown to induce the expression of c-fos mRNA in central nervous system (CNS). In this study, c-fos expression in both mRNA and protein (Fos) levels is examined up to 72 hr in brain regions, including hippocampus, piriform cortex, neostriatum, amygdala, dentate gyrus, cerebral cortex, and thalamus during lidocaine-inducced convulsion. Intraperitoneal administration of lidocaine (120 mg/kg) induces generalized convulsion of rats within 10 min and subsequent increase of c-fos expression in both mRNA and Fos protein levels in dentate gyrus, piriform cortex, amygdala, neostriatum, cerebral cortex, hippocampus, and thalamus. A prominent induction of c-fos mRNA and Fos protein in dentate gyrus suggests that dentate gyrus plays an important role in the process of lidocaine-induced convulsion. These results suggest that c-fos may participate in plastic changes of central nervous system associated with stimuli such as seizure activity.

PGE_2와 DBcAMP가 골조직 세포의 생리적 활성에 미치는 영향

이준기,채한정,강장숙,김형룡 원광대학교 생체재료·매식연구소 1998 원광생체재료·매식 Vol.7 No.2

One of the primary functions for which bones have evolved is to act as structural support. To achieve this goal, bones are remodeling throughout life so that their structure remains optimal for the prevailing mechanical environment. Bone remodeling consists of an initial phase of osteoclastic bone resorption followed by a bone formation period. Prostaglandins are potent regulators of bone formation and bone resorption that can have both stimulatory and inhibitory effects. Elevation of intracellular cAMP is an important intracellular signaling mechanism involved in the regulation of the expression of many proteins. In this study, the author examined whether PGE_2 or DBcAMP affected osteoblastic activation or osteoclastic differentiation in mouse bone marrow cells and osteosarcoma ROS 17/2.8 cells. The effect of PGE_2 and DBcAMP on the cell proliferation was measured by the incorporation of [^3H]-thymidine into DNA. From the result, PGE_2( 0.5-1 ㎍/ml ) and DBcAMP(0.1-0.5 mM) inhibited the [^3H]-thymidine incorporation into DNA. The effect of PGE_2 and DBcAMP on the induction of alkaline phosphatase(ALP) was investigated in ROS 17/2.8 cells cultured in medium containing 0.4% fetal bovine serum. PGE_2 and DBcAMP stimulated ALP activity in the cells. PGE_2 also increased the intracellular cAMPs contents with a maximal effect at 0.5 ㎍/ml. ROS 17/2.8 cells released nitric oxide upon stimulation of PGE2 or DBcAMP with interferon-γ. PGE_2 and DBcAMP increase the phosphorylation level of CREB(cAMP response element binding protein) without any change on the amount of CREB protein. Also, PGE_2 (10^-6 M) and DBcAMP (10^-4 M) significantly increase the generation of osteoclast-like cell in mouse bone marrow cell culture system. In conclusion, the results of this study suggested that PGE_2 and cAMP should appear to be an important regulatory molecule in the processes of bone formation and resorption.

Difference in Emotional Evaluation according to the Preference of Coleus Cultivars

Hye Sook Jang(Hye Sook Jang),Jung Nam Suh(Jung Nam Suh),Yun-Im Kang(Yun-Im Kang),Kyung Hye Seo(Kyung Hye Seo),Myung Suk Ahn(Myung Suk Ahn) 인간식물환경학회 2022 인간식물환경학회지 Vol.25 No.5

Background and objective: This study investigated the preferences and repurchase intentions (loyalty) of respondents to 8 coleus (Coleus scutellarioides) cultivars potentially useful for tropical style streetscapes. Methods: A survey was conducted on 148 general respondents, and the responses from 136 respondents were analyzed excluding 12 inappropriate copies. Results: Through demographic analysis on plant gardening experience, plant preference tendency, and plant-related event, we discovered that plant preference tendency was lowest in the 20s and highest in the 60s and above, indicating that plant preference tendency significantly increased with age. Out of 6 factors on perceived importance of plants, environmental and emotional relaxation for improved quality of life were high. As a result of examining the emotional responses felt by looking at the images of 8 coleus cultivars, there was a statistically significant difference among cultivars. Major emotional words were 'calm' and 'comfortable'. There was a positive correlation between loyalty to coleus, preference, Korean version of WHOQOL-BREF, plant gardening activity level, and the importance of plants, and a negative correlation with PSS-K (Korean Perceived Stress Scale). We conducted a multiple regression analysis including dummy variables to examine the effect of plant gardening activity level, PSS-K, and Korean version of WHOQOL-BREF on loyalty of survey respondents. The results showed that the effect was greatest in the order of plant-related event, physical health domain, age (50's), covers, environment domain, male, and age (30's). Conclusion: Our results demonstrated that coleus could mitigate the psychological stress and depression. As 'Lime Delight' with simple green color showed the highest preference among cultivars, we recommend a green cultivar from the psychological point of view rather than combination planting of multi-colored cultivars.

물리치료사의 임파워먼트가 직무몰입, 조직몰입에 미치는 영향

장막숙(Mak-Sook Jang),장효강(Hyo-Kang Jang),정용모(Yong-Mo Jung) 한국콘텐츠학회 2010 한국콘텐츠학회논문지 Vol.10 No.9

본 연구는 재활의학과가 있는 병원에서 직접 재활치료를 제공하는 물리치료사들이 인지하는 임파워먼트가 직무몰입 및 조직몰입에 미치는 영향을 분석하여 효율적인 인력관리방안을 도출하여 병원경영의 효율화를 위한 기초자료를 제공하는데 그 목적이 있다. 연구 결과 첫째, 임파워먼트는 3.37점이었다. 둘째, 연구 대상자의 직무몰입도는 3.39점이었고 조직몰입도는 3.37점이었다. 셋째, 연구 대상자는 심리적 임파워먼트의 의미성과 영향력이 높을수록, 구조적 임파워먼트의 발전기회?자원지원?정보제공의 인지정도가 높을수록 직무몰입도와 조직몰입도가 높은 것을 알 수 있었다. The purpose of this study is to provide some basic materials for the efficient hospital management through administrating manpower, by analyzing the influence of empowerment, which is recognized by the Physical therapist, in the respects of their general characteristics, working at the hospital which provides rehabilitative therapy on Job involvement and organizational commitment. First, the average of overall empowerment was 3.37. Second, the degree of the Job involvement was 3.39 and organizational commitment was 3.37 in average. Third, the study found out that higher the meaning of psychological empowerment and its impact and increased development chance, resources supper and information offer in structural empowerment positively influenced both job involvement and organizational commitment drastically.