우리나라 소음 노출기준 초과업종의 특성

피영규,노영만 한국산업위생학회 2003 한국산업보건학회지 Vol.13 No.1

The results of work environment measurement in 22,384 industries in 2001 show that the noise level in 5,785 industries (12,159 operations) exceed Korda Occupational Exposure Limit (KOEL) of 90 dBA. The objective of this study was to prepare the fundamental data for improvement of working environment, and to understand their noise level. industry size and location, and number of process exceeding KOEL. Data of 12,159 operations in 5,785 industries were gathered from the work environment monitoring reports by 46 regional labor offices. The results of this study were as follows; 1. Textiles manufacturing industry were found to be most vulnerable against noise with 20.3%(1,176 industries) of them exceeding noise KOEL followed by fabricated metal products manufacturing industry (8.5%, 490). 2. The percentage of measurements exceeding noise level of 100 dBA and above was found to be 7.4&(1.098 measurements) out of 14,746 measurements in total. Textiles manufacturing industry (57.3%, 629), other non-metallic mineral products manufacturing industry(14.0%, 88),and fabricated metal product manufacturing indusry(11.6%, 73) were also found to be at the top of the list. 3. The industry employing 5 to 29 workers had the highest workers gad the lowest percentage of exceeding noise KOEL with 7.5%(433). 4.Regarding the location of industry exceeding noise KOEL Gyong-sang probince was at the top with 52.3%(3,024 industries) due to many textiles manufacturing, fabricated metal products manufacturing, and motor vehicles, sithin its province. It was followed by Gyong- in provice(28.6& 1,656), choong-chung province(9.35, 540), Jeon-la province(7.2%, 417) Seoul(2.0% 115), and Gang- Won province(0.6%, 330. The most severe noise exposures were found in textiles manufacturing and fabricated metal products manufacturing industrids. especially in Gyong-sang probince. The results also show that the small-sized industries employing less than 50 workers was the most vulnerable against noise exposures and textiles manufacturing and fabricated metal products manufacturing industries had the highest number of exposure operations exceeding noise KOEL.

우리나라 철강주조업의 공정별 유해인자 노출 현황

피영규,김현욱 한국산업위생학회 2003 한국산업보건학회지 Vol.13 No.2

Foundry workers are potentially at risk for occupational disease due to exposure to various hazards. This study was carried out to evaluate current status of environmental hazards in the iron and steel foundry operations in Korea. Data were gathered from the work environment monitoring reports from 46 regional labor offices and 95 work environmental monitoring institutes. A total of 4,947 operations in 229 plants were extracted from the reports and were analyzed with no data modification. But data om non ferrous metals, manufacture of steel products, and steel wire were excluded in this evaluations. The foundries were classified into eight operations; melting, pouring, molding, sand treatment, coremaking, shakeout, finishing, and miscellaneous. The results of this study were as follows; 1. The foundry workers were exposed to noise, mineral dust, heat stress, gas and vapors and metals. Among these hazards, high rates of non-compliance were found in noise(27.6%) and mineral dust(10.3%). 2. Mean levels of noise ranged from 84.8 to 91.0dBA. Statistically significantly gigher noise levels were found in the finishing compared with other operations. The highest mean non compliance of 58.8% was operations. 3. The mean levels of WBGT were 23.1°C in melting and 20.4°C in pouring, with statistical significant difference between two operations. No exposures were determined to be in excess of the Korean occupational exposure limits for WBGT index. 4. The average concentrations of total mineral dust were 1.70, 1.60, 2032. 1.35, 2.35, 3.23 and 0.90mg/㎥ in melting pouring, molding, sand treatment, coremaking, shakeout, finishing, and miscellaneous, respectively. Dust concentrations of finishing were statistically significantly higher than those of other operations. But the non compliance rate of shakeout operations was the highest among operations. 5. Six different kinds of metals were found from melting and pouring operations. The average concentrations of chromium and lead in meting were statistically sinificantly higher than that of pouring operations. But the mean concentrations of iron, zinc, cadmium, copper and manganese measured at two operations showed no statistical significant difference. And the non compliance rates were low in both operations. 6. Found교 workers were exposed to mixtures of phenol. formaldehyde, isopropyl alcohol, and methanol in molding and coremaking operations. The mean concentrations of phenol and methanol were comparable for both operations, but slightly higher values were obtained in molding than coremaking. The non compliance tate of gases and vapors was very low, indicating that the average exposures were below the Korean occupational exposures limit. 7. It was found that worker exposures to noise were highest in large scale foundres and were lowest in small scale foundries. Dust concentrations in small foundries having 30-49 employee were higher than those of foundries with more than 50 workers.

직접필터법을 이용하여 호흡성 분진내 석영을 정량분석할 때 크리스토바라이트가 미치는 영향

피영규,노영만,김현욱 한국산업보건학회 2007 한국산업보건학회지 Vol.17 No.1

To establish the Fourier-transform infra-red spectrophotometry (FTIR) direct-on-filter(DOF) technique as a useful analytical method for quartz in respirable dust samples, influence of the interference should be corrected. This study was designed to compare three methods of correction for cristobalite when quantifying the content of quartz, including the least square, the optimum choice and the spectral subtraction methods. Respirable dust, created in a dust chamber containing the standard material of quartz, cristobalite was collected using a cyclone equipped with a 25 mm, 0.8 ㎛ pore size DM filter as a collection medium. The quartz weights overestimated about 100% when mixed of cristobalite by measure using 799 cm-1 absorption peak of quartz. The quartz weights appeared over estimated by optimum choice, spectral subtraction and least square method in mixtures of 33% cristobalite were 90.3%, 60.1% and about 4.3%, respectively. The least square method have been adopted to correction methods of cristobalite and satisfactory results have been obtained. The results of this study suggest that, when correcting for effect of cristobalite on quantitative analysis of quartz in respirable dust by FTIR direct-on-filter method, the least square method produce the most unbiased results compared with those of other correction methods.

확률모형을 이용한 자궁경부암 조기검진 전략

피영규,이정희,정성화,Phee, Young-Gyu,Lee, Jeong-Hee,Jeong, Seong-Hwa 한국데이터정보과학회 2010 한국데이터정보과학회지 Vol.21 No.1

The purpose of this study was to investigate the most cost-effectiveness screening strategies for cervical cancer in Korea. We calculated the age-specific cervical cancer incidence rate from Korea Central Cancer Registry (2003), and then estimated the schedule sensitivity, detection probability, and screening and confirmative costs of each screening strategy based on the stochastic process (Lee and Zelen, 1998). The efficiency of the screening strategy was evaluated by incremental cost-effectiveness analysis. The most effective strategy was every 3 years pap smear test between the age of 35 and 65 years in the cervical cancer screening. The findings of this study will be helpful to evaluate efficiency of cancer screening strategies, and to provide the theoretical background of development and assessment of early detection of cancer in Korea. 본 논문에서는 우리나라 자궁경부암 조기검진 권고안을 바탕으로 검진주기 및 검진연령 변화에 따른 다양한 검진전략들의 효율성을 검토하고 비용-효과분석을 통하여 비용-효과적인 대안을 찾아 제시하고자 하였다. 한국중앙암등록본부의 2002년 자료와 확률모형을 이용하여 고려된 검진전략을 검진의 민감도와 무증상 상태에 있는 암 환자를 발견할 확률 및 검진비용을 추정하여 비용-효과분석을 시행하였다. 연구결과 비용-효과적인 측면에서 자궁경부세포검사를 이용한 35세부터 65세까지 3년 주기의 검진전략이 상대적으로 높은 효율성을 나타내었다.

화학물질에 대한 직업적 노출기준의 표기 항목 비교

피영규,김승원,하권철 한국산업보건학회 2020 한국산업보건학회지 Vol.30 No.2

Objectives: This study was to investigate the signs and notations of skin absorption, carcinogenicity, germ cell mutagenicity, and reproductive toxicity in the occupational exposure limits of Korea and of other advanced countries. Methods: Information on occupational exposure limits in Korea, the USA, the UK, Germany, and Japan was investigated through the Internet, and items marked as carcinogenicity and skin absorption were compared by country. Results: Legal occupational exposure limits have been greatly simplified. However, in the case of HSE WEL, skin absorption, carcinogenicity classification, sensitization, and in the case of DFG MAK, skin absorption, carcinogenicity, pregnancy risk group, germ cell mutagenicity, airway and skin sensitization, photo contact sensitization, and vapor pressure were provided. Conclusions: It is desirable to indicate the carcinogenicity and skin absorption within permissible limits, and to include information on critical effects in chemical substance exposure limits to uphold the right to know of industrial hygienists and workers in Korea. It is also necessary to clarify the precautions, limitations and protections for skin absorption.

직접필터법을 이용한 석영 분석시 고령석의 영향 및 보정방법 평가

피영규 한국산업보건학회 2009 한국산업보건학회지 Vol.19 No.1

To establish the Fourier-Transform Infra-Red spectrophotometry(FTIR) Direct-On-Filter(DOF) technique as a useful analytical method for quartz in respirable dust samples, an influence of the kaolinite should be corrected. Respirable dust, created in a dust chamber containing the standard material of quartz and kaolinite were collected using a cyclone equipped with a 25 mm, 0.8 ㎛ pore size DM filter as a collection medium. This study was designed to compare three methods of correction for kaolinite when quantifying the content of quartz, including the least square, the optimum choice and the spectral subtraction methods. The content of quartz in the respirable dust samples was overestimated by 6.2% when mixed with kaolinite(35.5% by weight). The content of quartz containing kaolinite(72.8% by weight) were overestimated by 32%. The spectral subtraction method underestimated the quartz content by 1.5%, while the other two correction methods, the optimum choice and the least square method, overestimated the quartz content by 1.9% to 6.4% and 0.04 to 1.1%, respectively. The results of this study are suggested that, when correcting for effects of kaolinite on quantitative analysis of quartz in respirable dust by FTIR direct-on-filter method, the least square method produce the most unbiased results be compared with those of other correction methods. To establish the Fourier-Transform Infra-Red spectrophotometry(FTIR) Direct-On-Filter(DOF) technique as a useful analytical method for quartz in respirable dust samples, an influence of the kaolinite should be corrected. Respirable dust, created in a dust chamber containing the standard material of quartz and kaolinite were collected using a cyclone equipped with a 25 mm, 0.8 ㎛ pore size DM filter as a collection medium. This study was designed to compare three methods of correction for kaolinite when quantifying the content of quartz, including the least square, the optimum choice and the spectral subtraction methods. The content of quartz in the respirable dust samples was overestimated by 6.2% when mixed with kaolinite(35.5% by weight). The content of quartz containing kaolinite(72.8% by weight) were overestimated by 32%. The spectral subtraction method underestimated the quartz content by 1.5%, while the other two correction methods, the optimum choice and the least square method, overestimated the quartz content by 1.9% to 6.4% and 0.04 to 1.1%, respectively. The results of this study are suggested that, when correcting for effects of kaolinite on quantitative analysis of quartz in respirable dust by FTIR direct-on-filter method, the least square method produce the most unbiased results be compared with those of other correction methods.

시료채취방법에 따른 면분진의 공기 중 농도 비교

피영규,김현욱,변상훈,Phee, Young-Gyu,Kim, Hyun-Wook,Byeon, Sang-Hoon 한국환경보건학회 2009 한국환경보건학회지 Vol.35 No.5

This study was undertaken to compare the performance of three dust samplers for collecting cotton dust fibers. For this study, three dust samplers including Vertical Elutriator (VE), Total Dust Method (TDM) using 37 mm cassette, and the Institute of Occupational Medicine (IOM) sampler were selected. A total of 6 cotton mills and 4 towel factories were investigated. When measured by VE, the GM for cotton dust was 0.19 $mg/m^3$ which was less than the current occupational exposure limit (OEL) 0.2 $mg/m^3$. But when measured by TDM and IOM at the same locations, the GMs were 0.37 and 0.63 $mg/m^3$, respectively. In Korea, most industrial hygienists have used the TDM for cotton dust measurements and the results were compared with either the TLV for cotton dust or the PNOC (particulates not otherwise classified) of 10 $mg/m^3$ for making decisions. The results of this study clearly showed that past cotton dust measurements and decisions made with such results were not correct. It needs to be noticed the related contents by using VE if it applies to the exposure limit, 0.2 $mg/m^3$, and needs to be revised the exposure limit by IOM. Also, if TDM is used, it requires to be studied and suggested to the new OEL.

망간흄에 노출된 용접근로자의 뇌자기공명영상과 신경학적 소견의 관련성

장혜숙,박정일,구정완,임현우,김지홍,이정욱,한시령,이강숙,피영규 大韓産業醫學會 1998 대한직업환경의학회지 Vol.10 No.2

This study was carried out to investigate the relationship between brain magnetic resonance imaging(MRI) and neurological findings in welders exposed to manganese fume. Thirty five welders from a bus manufacturing factory who were occupationally exposed to low dose manganese fume were examined. We collected the information on the demographic factors and welding careers. Laboratory investigations included blood and urine manganese concentration and blood chemistry. Brain MRI was checked, and high signal intensity of the globus pallidus was graded from 0 to 3 compared to the white matter of the frontal lobe. Neurologic examination was carried out. The results were as follows; 1. The mean age of workers 48.3±5.7 years, mean duration of welding was 21.4±5.6 years. 2. On brain MRI, high signal intensity in the globus pallidus was observed in 27 workers(77.1%). Among them, 18 cases(66.7%) showed remarkedly high signal intensity(grade 2). Mean concentration of blood manganese was higher in those with high signal intensity and correlated to the grade of high signal intensity(p=0.02). 3. On neurologic examination, no workers showed the finding of typical parkinsonism. But 11 workers(31.4%) showed subtle neurological abnormalities such as gait without associated arm movement, postural instability, intention tremor, and so on. Blood manganese concentration of neurologically abnormal group was 2.4±0.7 μg/dL, which was significantly higher, compared to 1.8±0.7μg/dL of neurologically normal group(p=0.03). 4. Among 27 workers who showed high signal intensity on brain MRI, 10 workers(37%) were neurologically abnormal. Higher grade of signal intensity on globus pallidus showed higher rate of neorologic abnormality(p<0.05). Especially postural instability and gait without associated arm movement were prominent findings. These findings suggest that high signal intensity on brain MRI might be associated with a prodromal sign of manganese intoxication. Careful neurologic examination should be followed up on welders showing high signal intensity in the golbus pallidus of brain MRI.

우리나라 산업위생 인력의 현황

피영규 ( Young Gyu Phee ),황호순 ( Ho Soon Hwang ) 한국산업위생학회 2003 한국산업보건학회지 Vol.13 No.3

This is study was carried out from June to December, 2002 to improve industrial hygiene service one step further by analyzing current industrial hygiene manpower in Korea. Questionnaires were collected from Ministry of Labor (headquarter, 36 regional & area offices), Korea Occupational Safety and Health Agency(head office, 24 branch offices & affiliated organizations), designated working environment monitoring institutions(111), health management specializing agencies(82), special health diagnosis institutions(105), private enterprises` health managers(355), and civic organizations(1). The questionnaire was composed of six main parts including duty & assignment, license hold, service area, age, and educational background including major and years at current work. The results of this study were as follows: 1. A total of 1,607 persons work in the industrial hygiene area in Korea. 40.1 %(643 persons) of them carried out working environment monitoring, followed by 35.7 %(574) serving in health management area and 8.0 %(128) working in technical support area. 2. The license hold by persons serving in industrial hygiene area can be classified into third different categories. 49.4 %(793 persons) had engineer followed by the industrial engineer with 17.7 %(285), and professional engineer with 6.0 %(97). 3. Regarding the location of service area, Gyonggi province was at the top with 25.0 %(410) of manpower due to many manufacturing industries within its province. It was followed by Gyongnam province(17.7 %, 285), and Seoul(10.5 %, 168). 4. The mean age for people serving in industrial hygiene area was 34.5±6.2 years, and the number of years at current work was 7.4±4.7 years. The distribution of industrial hygiene manpower by sex were 81.7 %(1,023 persons) in male, and 18.3 %(229) in female. 5. Industrial hygienists with 4-year bachelor`s degree had the highest percentage with 53.6 %(671) followed by master`s degree holding industrial hygienists with 26.0 %(326). Industrial hygienists with Ph.D is 2.8 %(35). 6. Regarding educational background of people serving in industrial hygiene area, industrial health & hygiene was at the top with 40.1 %(502) followed by the environmental science with 23.9 %(298).

우리나라 산업보건 주요기관의 인력 현황

피영규 ( Young Gyu Phee ),김승원 ( Seung Won Kim ),이사우 ( Sa Woo Lee ),이광용 ( Gwangyong Yi ) 한국산업보건학회 2023 한국산업보건학회지 Vol.33 No.1

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to identify information on the workers at major industrial health institutions. Methods: The subjects were employees at work environment measurement institutions, specialized health management institutions, special health examination institutions, and health checkup institutions. Data on these employees was identified by age, career, region, and qualification. Results: The sample totaled 6,449 workers at major industrial health institutions. The number of doctors, nurses, and industrial hygienists was identified at 4,609. For their age groups, 34.1% were in their 30s, and 56.3% had less than five years of work experience. The distribution by region was 24.3% in Gyeonggi-do Province, 12.7% in Seoul, and 8.7% in Gyeongsangnam-do Province. Conclusions: Information on occupational health human resources has been published irregularly and is limited by specialty. Therefore, it is necessary to systematize information on human resources and disclose it regularly so that supply and demand conditions can be predicted when establishing industrial accident prevention policies.