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From Dirgisme to Neoliberalism
C.P. CHANDRASEKHAR(C.P.찬드라세카르) 서울대학교 사회발전연구소 2010 Journal of Asian Sociology Vol.39 No.1
This paper argues that internal contradictions arising from the inability of the post- Independence Indian state to introduce the institutional changes and adopt the interventions needed for successful import-substituting industrialisation, had resulted in a crisis in that growth strategy by the mid-1960s. Yet the transition to neoliberalism occurred only after a decade-and a half, and in accelerated fashion only after two decades. The paper would trace this lag to the timing of changes in the international financial system that was a prerequisite for liberalization. It would argue that once the transition occurred and gained momentum India emerged as a successful instance of neoliberal growth because of the foundations created in the import substituting years, her fortuitous ability to avoid severe balance of payments and financial crises, and the human face which governments were forced to adopt given the compulsions of democracy in a populous country with significant poverty.
( C. Ganesh Kumar ),( Poornima Mongolla ),( Cheemalamarri Chandrasekhar ),( Yedla Poornachandra ),( Bandi Siva ),( K. Suresh Babu ),( Kallaganti Venkata Siva Ramakrishna ) 한국미생물생명공학회(구 한국산업미생물학회) 2017 한국미생물·생명공학회지 Vol.45 No.3
Actinobacteria are prolific producers of a large number of natural products with diverse biological activities. In the present study, an actinobacterium isolated from sunflower rhizosphere soil sample collected from Medak, Andhra Pradesh, South India was identified as Amycolatopsis thermoflava strain SFMA-103. A pigmented secondary metabolite in culture broth was extracted by using methanol and it was further purified by silica gel column chromatography with methanol-chloroform solvent system. Structural elucidation studies based on UV-visible, 1D and 2D-NMR, FT-IR, and mass spectroscopic analyses confirmed the structure as 1-methoxy-3-methyl-8-hydroxy-anthraquinone. It showed significant in vitro anticancer activity against lung cancer and lymphoblastic leukemia cells with IC<sub>50</sub> values of 10.3 and 16.98 μM, respectively. In addition, 1-methoxy-3-methyl-8-hydroxy-anthraquinone showed good free radical scavenging activity by DPPH method with an EC<sub>50</sub> of 18.2 μg/ml. It also showed other promising superoxide radical scavenging, nitric oxide radical scavenging and inhibition of lipid peroxidation activities. This is a first report of antiproliferative and antioxidant activities of 1-methoxy-3-methyl-8-hydroxy-anthraquinone isolated from A. thermoflava strain SFMA-103 which may find potential application in biotechnological and pharmaceutical fields.
Wavelength-selective switch with direct few mode fiber integration.
Marom, D M,Dunayevsky, J,Sinefeld, D,Blau, M,Ryf, R,Fontaine, N K,Montoliu, M,Randel, S,Liu, C,Ercan, B,Esmaeelpour, M,Chandrasekhar, S,Gnauck, A H,Leon-Saval, S G,Bland-Hawthorn, J,Salazar-Gil, J R,S Optical Society of America 2015 Optics express Vol.23 No.5
<P>The first realization of a wavelength-selective switch (WSS) with direct integration of few mode fibers (FMF) is fully described. The free-space optics FMF-WSS dynamically steers spectral information-bearing beams containing three spatial modes from an input port to one of nine output ports using a phase spatial light modulator. Sources of mode dependent losses (MDL) are identified, analytically analyzed and experimentally confirmed on account of different modal sensitivities to fiber coupling in imperfect imaging and at spectral channel edges due to mode clipping. These performance impacting effects can be reduced by adhering to provided design guidelines, which scale in support of higher spatial mode counts. The effect on data transmission of cascaded passband filtering and MDL build-up is experimentally investigated in detail.</P>