CERAMIC-BASED NANOCOMPOSITES FOR FUNCTIONAL APPLICATIONS

BALÁZS FÉNYI,ORSOLYA KOSZOR,CSABA BALÁZSI 성균관대학교(자연과학캠퍼스) 성균나노과학기술원 2008 NANO Vol.3 No.5

Silicon-nitride-based composites with 3 wt% of multi-wall and single-wall carbon nanotubes and graphene have been prepared. A manufacturing process has been worked out to avoid the damage of nanotubes and graphene during sintering. This method provides their preservation even in severe circumstances at temperature 1700°C and gas pressure 2 MPa. In this work, the conductivity according to the type and concentration of the carbon additives was observed by applying four-point DC resistance measurements. Insulator and conductor composites can be produced depending on the type of additives.

Revision of the Palaearctic and Oriental species of Naarda Walker (Lepidoptera: Erebidae, Hypeninae). Part 4. Description of nine new species

Balázs Tóth,László Ronkay 한국응용곤충학회 2015 Journal of Asia-Pacific Entomology Vol.18 No.2

Description of nine new Naarda species, N. melistigma, N. nymphoida, N. sonibacsi, N. penicula, N. variegata, N. picata, N. lingualis, N. costicorna, and N. tetramacula spp. n. are given.With 26 figures on 3 plates.

Notes on the species of Naarda Walker, 1866 (Lepidoptera: Erebidae, Hypeninae) from mainland China, with the description of a new species and establishment of a new synonymy

Balázs Tóth 한국응용곤충학회 2019 Journal of Asia-Pacific Entomology Vol.22 No.2

The species Naarda postpallida de Joannis, 1929 is reported for the first time from mainland China. Naarda pectinata Sugi, 1982 is synonymised with N. postpallida on the basis of material from Vietnam. This species can immediately be recognised by its dark grey forewing, white hindwing and several genital characters. The female genitalia of N. postpallida, together with those of N. lingualis Tóth and Ronkay, 2015 are presented for the first time. Naarda macrostigma sp. n. is described. The hitherto known nine Chinese Naarda species are listed. With nineteen figures.

A Critical Rereading of North Korea’s Dominant Narratives: Representation and Reality of Labor and Femininity in the DPRK

Balázs Szalontai 고려대학교 민족문화연구원 2019 Cross-Currents Vol.0 No.33

Written by scholars closely acquainted with each other’s work, the two monographs under review show remarkable similarities in both selection of sources and approach to North Korean society. First, both authors have developed their theses mainly through the close reading and critical reassessment of a wide range of published North Korean materials. For Heroes and Toilers: Work as Life in Postwar North Korea, 1953–1961, Cheehyung Harrison Kim examines statistical and economic handbooks, newspaper and journal articles, documentaries, and a few literary works. For Rewriting Revolution: Women, Sexuality, and Memory in North Korean Fiction, Immanuel Kim analyzes novels, short stories, newspaper articles, almanacs, and the relevant speeches of Kim Il Sung and Kim Jong Il. To contextualize and verify these sources, the authors extensively consult South Korean academic works and monitor the North Korean scene through the lenses of such theories as Marxian notions of work, literary studies on socialist realism, and feminist concepts of gender inequality. Still, they generally adopt the position that North Korea’s own dominant narratives should not be dismissed as mere propaganda but rather should be examined in depth. In the same vein, they express a profound aversion toward those external counter-narratives (like the memoirs of North Korean refugees) that directly challenge the regime’s dominant narratives on the basis of human rights.

Courting the “Traitor to the Arab Cause”: Egyptian-North Korean Relations in the Sadat Era, 1970-1981

Balázs Szalontai 건국대학교 인문학연구원 2019 통일인문학 Vol.5 No.1

This article analyzes the diplomatic aspects of Egyptian-North Korean relations, with a brief overview of the era of Gamal Abdel Nasser and with a focus on Anwar el-Sadat’s presidency. On the basis of Hungarian, U.S., and Romanian archival documents, it investigates why the post-1973 reorientation of Egyptian foreign policy toward a pro-American position did not lead to a breakdown of the Egyptian-North Korean partnership. The article describes such episodes as North Korea’s military contribution to the 1973 Arab-Israeli War, Egyptian-North Korean cooperation in the Non-Aligned Movement, Kim Il Sung’s equivocal reactions to the Egyptian-Israeli peace process, and the militant Arab states’ dissatisfaction with Pyongyang’s unwillingness to condemn the “treacherous” Camp David Accords. It concludes that the main pillars of the Sadat-Kim Il Sung partnership were their simultaneous cooperation with China, their shared enmity for the USSR, and their fear of diplomatic isolation. Still, the North Korean leaders, anxious as they were to prevent an Egyptian-South Korean rapprochement, were more often compelled to adapt to Egypt’s diplomatic preferences than vice versa. The ambivalence, vacillation, prevarication, and opportunism that characterized Pyongyang’s interactions with Cairo belied the common image of North Korea as an iron-willed, militant state cooperating with other revolutionary regimes on the basis of equality, mutual trust, and anti-imperialist solidarity.

Silicon Nitride Composites with Different Nanocarbon Additives

Csaba Balázsi 한국세라믹학회 2012 한국세라믹학회지 Vol.49 No.4

This paper explores the use of a variety of carbon nanoparticles to impart electrical, thermal conductivity, good frictional properties to silicon nitride matrices. We used the highly promising types of carbon as carbon nanotubes, exfoliated graphene and carbon black nanograins. A high-efficiency attritor mill has also been used for proper dispersion of second phases in the matrix. The sintered silicon nitride composites retained the mechanical robustness of the original systems. Bending strength as high as 700 MPa was maintained and an electrical conductivity of 10 S/m was achieved in the case of 3 wt% multiwall carbon nanotube addition. Electrically conductive silicon nitride ceramics were realized by using carbon nanophases. Examples of these systems, methods of fabrication, electrical percolation, mechanical, thermal and tribological properties are discussed.

[국제리뷰] 젠더기반폭력(Gender-based violence) 근절 및 예방에 관한 UNDP 서울정책센터의 개발경험 공유 파트너십 -2017년 서울 담화(Seoul Debates)의 논의 내용을 중심으로-

발라즈 호르바트(Balàzs Horvàth) 한국여성정책연구원 2017 젠더리뷰 Vol.45 No.-

社會福祉立法에 있어서 立法形成의 自由와 그 限界 : 미연방대법원의 판례를 중심으로 Focus on the U.S Supreme Court Cases

이발래 건국대학교 1998 학술논문집 : 건국대 대학원 Vol.46 No.1

The declaration of war against poverty was a major event of the 1960's. The federal government loudly and publicly announced its intent to end poverty and discrimination, and to equalize opportunity for white and black, rich and poor, in the United States. This public extort-and the forces that underlay it-has stimulated scholars in many fields to do research on problems of poverty and social welfare. Law and political Science have felt this influence too. Among other things, interest in social welfare legislation has been growing. This interest is rotatively new; there is not yet much general agreement on what social welfare legislation is, and whether the study of social welfare legislation does or does not constitute a legitimate "field." The purpose of this Article is to clarify the concept of social legislation and to classify? existing programs. As we shall see, two basic types emerge-"middle class" and "charity" programs-with hybrids between. We shall discuss their characteristics, the forces that predispose a program to be of one or the other type, and suggest areas fur further study and research. Essentially, this Article has attempted to define and classify? programs of welfare legislation. The central distinction has been between "middle-class" and "charity" programs. In the "middle-class" programs, benefits tend to be a matter of right; eligibility is earned , benefits are restitutionary , the means test is avoided. Characteristics of "charity" laws are flatly the reverse. These differences correspond to the social and political origins of the programs. Today the welfare system is in crisis. The crisis is dangerous and real even though the poor are probably better off here than in most other countries, and probably better off now than in the American past. A crisis arises when a situation is sensed as intolerable by some important social group ; crisis is a matter of feeling, not of precise and measurable fact. There is an amazing amount of agreement, both by the administrators and the administered, that welfare policy must change. The crisis, practically speaking, is confined to the non-middle-class programs, such as AFDC and public housing. Many of the proposed solutions-such as the negative income tax-call for reworking the welfare system on the model of what we have here called "middle-class" programs. Other suggestions call for more flexibility, but with the power to govern handed over to the poor themselves, who will decide what kind of housing, schools, and benefits they get. In any event, a basic reform of American welfare demands a clear understanding of the forms and types of welfare, their political and social antecedents, and their probable consequences.

制度的 保障論

이발래 건국대학교 1994 대학원 학술논문집 Vol.39 No.-

In dieser Abhandlung setze ich mich mit den Problemen auseinander, die die Lehre von den Einrichtungsgarantien (Institutionelle Garantien und Institutsgarantien) unter dem Blickpunkt des Bonner Grundgesetzes undunseres Verfassungsrechtes aufwirkt. Die Legre (von den institutionellenGarantien der Verfassung) wurde-nach Ans tzen bei anderen der WeimarerRepublik und insbesondere Martin Wolff-systematisch zun chst von Carl Schmitt entwickelt und gelangte in den folgenden Jahren zufastuneingeschrankter Anerkennung. Mit dem zurucktretenden extremen Liberalimus und unter dem immer zunehmenden Einflu des Sozialistischen Gedankens erschienen in der Weimar Republik die Verfassungsnormen, die Friheit und Dasein gleichzeitigsichern solten. Damit wurden auch die Einrichtungsgarantien als technisches Hilfsinstrumentum zur Auslegung des Grundrechtsteils heraus gearbeitet. Die sogenannte Einrichtungsgarantien beinhalten die verfassungsrecht-liche Sicherung des Bestands bestimmter Einrichtungen mit deren unversehrten Wesensgehalt besonders gegen der Gesetzgebung, auf jeden Fall gegen die Staatsgewalt von Verwaltung und Justiz Carl Schmitt spricht von der Sicherung eines Komplexes ffentlich-rechtlicher Einrichtungen mit den dazugeh rigen Konnex-undKomplementargarantien und Normierungen und von Gewhrleistungen von Rechtsinstituten im Sinne von typischen, traditionell feststehenden Normenkomplexen und Rechtsbeziehungen. Grunds tzlich schutzteninstitutionelle Garantien und Institutsgarantien nur das, was man als typischen Grundz ge der bischerigen gesetzlichen Regelung. Dabeiunterscheidet Carl Schmitt noch zwischen den institutionellen Garantien, welche ffentlich-rechtliche Normenkomplexe abdecken, und Instituts-garantieen, welche sich auf privatrechtliche Institutionen beziehen. Die Lehre Carl Schmitts von den Einrichtungsgarantien ist in der Weimarer Republik und unter dem Grundgesetz mit wenigen Ausnahmen von der Lehre fast einstimming akzeptiert worden. Die Entwicklung ist ber dentheoretischen Stand Carl Schmitts weit hinausgegangen, imdem man manche neuere Deutungen und Systematisierungsversuche unternommen hat. Zun chst die Einteilung in Institutsgarantien und institutionelle Garantien wird durch dem Oberbegriff Einrichtungsgarantie aufgehoben. Ferner z hlt man zu den neueren Versuche. F.klein versucht die Garantien nach den wesensm ige Inhaltgesellschaftlichen Sachverhalt in die vier verschiedenen Arten und nach ihrer Zuordnung zu den Grundrechten einzuteilen. Nach B. Dennewitz sind Institutionen Lebensbereiche, die sich zum Gantzen der Verfassung zusammemschlie en. Die Grundrechte sein durchwegs einer institutionellen Deutung zug nglich und bed rftig.Die Grundrechteerscheinen von den Grundrechtsberechtigen her gesehen als subjective ffentliche Rechte, von den Lebensverh ltnissen aus als Institute. Dasjeweiling Grundrecht in der gesetzgeberischen Ausgestaltung in der Lebenswirklichkeit vollzogen wird. E.R. Huber zeigh da die Grundrechte haben nicht prim r den Charakter staatsbezogener Abwehrrechte des Individuumszur Sicherung eines Bereichs individueller Freiheit, in dem einzelnen, rechtlich gesehen, subjecktivem Belieben handeln k nnen, sondern den Charakter objecktiverOrdnungsprinzipien fr die von ihren gesch tzten Lebensbereiche. N mlich kann, wenn zur Erforschung der institutionellen Garantie aufderen Zweck abgegoben wird, nicht mehr nur die bisherige Regelung verbindlich sein, Das Institut kann der Entwicklung angepa t werden und verliert dadurch seinen bisherigen alleinigen Bezug auf die Verangenheit.

立法者의 豫測에 대한 裁判的 統制 : 1970년대 獨逸에 있어서의 學說ㆍ判例의 검토 Ein u¨berblick u¨ber die Auseinandersetzungen in den siebziger Jahren

이발래 건국대학교 1995 대학원 학술논문집 Vol.40 No.-

Die Einzelergebnisse der voliegerden Untersuchung lassen sich nunmehr wie fole zusammerlfassen. Der Ausstieg eines Gesetgebers aus der friedlichen Nutzung der kernenergie versto¨βt in mehrfacher Hinsicht gegen das Grundgesetz. Auf Bundesebene ergibt sick die Verfassu¨ngswidrigkeit eines Ausstiegs bereits aus eienem Verstoβ gegen Grungesetz. Sowohl grammatische, als auch historischteleologische Aspekte verdeu¨tlichen daβder einache Gesetzgeber durch Grumdgesetz im Sinne eines "Verfassungsauftrages" an eine eindeutig positive Regelu¨ng zugunsten der friedlichen Nutzung der Kernenergie gebuden ist. Danach kommt ein Ausstieg aus kompetenzrechtlicher Sicht erst in Betracht, wenn Grundgesetz mit der fur eine Grundsetza¨nderung erforderlichen Mehrheit durch eine ausreichende Liquidationskompetenz ersetzt worden ist. Schliβlich versto¨βt twin Ausstieg aus der friedlichen Nutzung der Kemergie auch gegen den Vertrag. Zwaf sind die Mitgliedsstaaten des Vertra¨gs zu einer Betatigung nicht ausdru¨ccklich angehalten. Ein Ausstieg der Bundesrepublik Deutschland wu¨rde jedoch einen gravierenden Verstoβgegen den Sinn und Zweck des Verfassu¨ngsauftrages darstellen.