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Choi, Ok-Byung,Park, Joo-Hoon,Lee, Ye-Jin,Lee, Chang-Kwon,Won, Kyung-Jong,Kim, Jung-Hwan,Lee, Hwan-Myung,Kim, Bo-Kyung The Korean Society of Pharmacology 2009 The Korean Journal of Physiology & Pharmacology Vol.13 No.2
Olibanum (Boswellia serrata) has been shown to have anti-inflammatory, anti-arthritic and anticancer effects. This study determined the role of a water extract of olibanum in platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF)-stimulated proliferation and migration of rat aortic smooth muscle cells (RASMCs). PDGF-BB induced the migration and proliferation of RASMCs that were inhibited by olibanum extract in a dose-dependent manner. The PDGF-BB-increased phosphorylation of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK); the heat shock protein (Hsp) 27 was significantly inhibited by the olibanum extract. The effects of PDGF-BB-induced extracellular signal-regulated kinase1/2 was not altered by the olibanum extract. Treatment with olibanum extract inhibited PDGF-BB-stimulated sprout out growth of aortic rings. These results suggest that the water extract of olibanum inhibits PDGF-BB-stimulated migration and proliferation in RASMCs as well as sprout out growth, which may be mediated by the inhibition of the p38 MAPK and Hsp27 pathways.
Transoceanic Propagation of 2011 East Japan Earthquake Tsunami
Choi, Byung Ho,Kim, Kyeong Ok,Min, Byung Il,Pelinovsky, Efim Korea Institute of Ocean ScienceTechnology 2014 Ocean and Polar Research Vol.36 No.3
The 2011 Tohoku earthquake triggered extremely destructive tsunami waves which propagated over the Pacific Ocean, Atlantic Ocean through Drake Passage and Indian Ocean respectively. A total of 10 tide-gauge records collected from the UNESCO/IOC site were analyzed through a band-pass digital filtering device to examine the observed tsunami characteristics. The ray tracing method and finite-difference model with GEBCO 30 arc second bathymetry were also applied to compare the travel times of the Tohoku-originated tsunami, particularly at Rodrigues in the Indian Ocean and King Edward Point in the Atlantic Ocean with observation-based estimates. At both locations the finite-difference model produced the shortest arrival times, while the ray method produced the longest arrival times. Values of the travel time difference however appear to be within tolerable ranges, considering the propagation distance of the tsunami waves. The observed tsunami at Rodrigues, Mauritius in the west of the Madagascar was found to take a clockwise travel path around Australia and New Zealand, while the observed tsunami at King Edward Point in the southern Atlantic Ocean was found to traverse the Pacific Ocean and then passed into the Atlantic Ocean through the Drake Strait. The formation of icebergs captured by satellite images in Sulzberger in the Antarctica also supports the long-range propagation of the Tohoku-originated tsunami.
Choi, Eun-Ok,Park, Cheol,Shin, Soon Shik,Cho, Eun-Ju,Kim, Byung Woo,Hwang, Jin Ah,Hwang, Hye-Jin,Choi, Yung Hyun D. A. Spandidos 2015 MOLECULAR MEDICINE REPORTS Vol.12 No.1
<P>Zanthoxylum schinifolium is widely used as a food flavoring in east Asia. Although this plant has also been used in traditional oriental medicine for the treatment of the common cold, toothache, stomach ache, diarrhea and jaundice, its anti-obesity activity remains to be elucidated. The present study investigated the effects of ethanol extract from the leaves of Z. schinifolium (EEZS) on adipocyte differentiation, and its underlying mechanism, in 3T3-L1 pre-adipocytes. The results demonstrated that EEZS effectively suppressed intracellular lipid accumulation at non-toxic concentrations, and was associated with the downregulation of several adipocyte-specific transcription factors, including peroxisome proliferation-activity receptor γ (PPARγ), CCAAT/enhancer binding protein (C/EBP)α and C/EBPβ, in a concentration-dependent manner. Furthermore, it was observed that EEZS markedly inactivated the extracellular signal-regulated protein kinase (ERK) and phosphatidylinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)/Akt pathways, which act upstream of PPARγ and C/EBPs in adipogenesis. These results suggested that EEZS inhibited lipid accumulation by downregulating the major transcription factors involved in the pathway of adipogenesis, including PPARγ, C/EBPα and C/EBPβ, via regulation of the ERK and PI3K/Akt signaling pathways in 3T3-L1 adipocyte differentiation. This indicated the potential use of EEZS as an anti-obesity agent.</P>
Choi, Kwon‐,Young,Jung, Eun‐,Ok,Jung, Da‐,Hye,Pandey, Bishnu Prasad,Lee, Nahum,Yun, Hyungdon,Park, Hyung‐,yun,Kim, Byung‐,Gee Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company 2012 Biotechnology and bioengineering Vol.109 No.3
<P><B>Abstract</B></P><P>CYP51, a sterol 14α‐demethylase, is one of the key enzymes involved in sterol biosynthesis and requires electrons transferred from its redox partners. A unique CYP51 from <I>Nocardia farcinica</I> IFM10152 forms a distinct cluster with iron–sulfur containing NADPH‐P450 reductase (FprD) downstream of CYP51. Previously, sequence alignment of nine reductases from <I>N. farcinica</I> revealed that FprC, FprD, and FprH have an additional sequence at their N‐termini that has very high identity with iron–sulfur clustered ferredoxin G (FdxG). To construct an artificial self‐sufficient cytochrome P450 monooxygenase (CYP) with only FprD, CYP51, and iron–sulfur containing FprD were fused together with designed linker sequences. CYP51–FprD fusion enzymes showed distinct spectral properties of both flavoprotein and CYP. CYP51–FprD F1 and F2 in recombinant <I>Escherichia coli</I> BL21(DE3) catalyzed demethylation of lanosterol more efficiently, with <I>k</I><SUB>cat</SUB>/<I>K</I><SUB>m</SUB> values of 96.91 and 105.79 nmol/min/nmol, respectively, which are about 35‐fold higher compared to those of CYP51 and FprD alone. Biotechnol. Bioeng. 2012; 109:630–636. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.</P>
Choi, Dong-Ok,Yon, Chon-Il,Choi, Myoung-Ae,Park, Byung-Rim,Kim, Min-Sun The Korean Society of Pharmacology 2004 The Korean Journal of Physiology & Pharmacology Vol.8 No.4
Extracellular regulated protein kinase1/2 (pERK1/2) is one of the major regulatory factors for transcription of the c-fos oncogene in neurons. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the expression of phosphorylated ERK1/2 within the vestibular nuclei (VN) of rats following acute arterial hypotension. Following the acute arterial hypotension induced by rapid hemorrhage, a significant number of pERK1/2-immunoreactive neurons appeared bilaterally in the caudal aspect of the medial and inferior VN. No labeling of pERK1/2 was observed in the lateral VN. The peak expression of pERK1/2 in these nuclei occurred within 5 min after hemorrhage. However, in bilaterally labyrinthectomized rats, the appearance of pERK1/2-immunoreactive neurons was eliminated in the VN. Western blot confirmed the effect of bilateral labyrinthectomy on pERK1/2 protein expression in the medial vestibular nucleus 5 min after hemorrhage. These results suggest that, following acute hypotension, afferent signals from the peripheral vestibular receptors are required for activation of ERK 1/2 in the VN.
Natural History and Renal Pathology in Patients with Isolated Microscopic Hematuria
( Byung Soo Kim ),( Yong Kyun Kim ),( Young Shin Shin ),( Young Ok Kim ),( Ho Cheol Song ),( Yong Soo Kim ),( Euy Jin Choi ) 대한내과학회 2009 The Korean Journal of Internal Medicine Vol.24 No.4
Background/Aims: No definite conclusions have been reached about the natural history of patients with isolated microscopic hematuria (IMH). In this study, we observed the natural history of patients with IMH and examined factors related to a pathologic diagnosis and subsequent prognosis. Methods: We retrospectively evaluated 156 subjects with IMH who had a renal biopsy performed. Of the 156 subjects, 33.3% were diagnosed with IgA nephropathy, 23.7% with mesangial proliferative glomerulonephritis, 15.4% with glomerular minor lesion, and 12.8% with thin basement membrane nephropathy; 6.4% had normal biopsies. Results: We followed up with 100 subjects for about 31 months. During this follow-up period, two subjects who had received a pathologic diagnosis of IgA nephropathy developed chronic kidney disease. During the course of the study, one of these subjects presented with proteinuria and hypertension and the other with proteinuria. The overall incidences of proteinuria and hypertension were 6% and 5% respectively. Conclusions: The prognosis for patients with IMH was relatively favorable, but patients developing proteinuria and/or hypertension require careful observation and management during the follow-up period. (Korean J Intern Med 2009;24:356-361)