Public Interest in Psychiatric Treatments During COVID-19 Pandemic: An Analysis of Changes Between 2020 and 2021

Becerra-García Juan Antonio,Barbeito Sara,Sánchez-Gutiérrez Teresa,Calvo Ana 대한신경정신의학회 2023 PSYCHIATRY INVESTIGATION Vol.20 No.2

Final report on CCM.M-K4: Key comparison of 1 kg stainless steel mass standards

Becerra, Luis Omar,orys, Michael,Chung, Jin Wan,Davidson, Stuart,Fuchs, Peter,Jacques, Claude,Jian, Wang,Kubarych, Zeina J,Kumar, Anil,Malengo, Andrea,Fen, Kitty,Medina, Nieves,Meury, Paul-André BUREAU INTERNATIONAL DES POIDS ET MESURES 2014 METROLOGIA -BERLIN- Vol.51 No.-

<P>This report describes a key comparison of 1 kg stainless steel mass standards, CCM.M-K4, undertaken by the Consultative Committee for Mass and Related Quantities (CCM) Working Group on the Dissemination of the kilogram (WGD-kg). The CCM.M-K4 comparison was launched during the 12th meeting of the CCM (2010). The aim of the present comparison is to verify the consistency of 1 kg stainless steel mass standards among members of the CCM.</P><P>The previous CCM 1 kg stainless steel mass standards comparison was carried out in 1995–1997 as the CCM.M-K1 comparison. The Bureau International des Poids et Mesures (BIPM) was the pilot laboratory for this key comparison. There were sixteen participants in the CCM.M-K4 comparison, all are CCM members. The comparison was structured into four petals with two stainless steel travelling mass standards per petal. The measurements and the reported results were completed in between one month and five months depending on the participants. One laboratory's results were found to be inconsistent with the other laboratories' results and one other laboratory gave a significant deviation from the key comparison reference value (KCRV). Both laboratories were contacted before preparation of the draft A report, without disclosing the details of the deviations, to allow them to check and revise their values. The fourteen other participants were in agreement with each other and degrees of equivalence have been established.</P><P>Finally, the mass values of the eight stainless steel travelling standards were determined in air by the NMIs with claimed standard uncertainties ranging from 0.007 mg to 0.021 mg. Degrees of equivalence have been established by using the generalized linear least-squares estimation (GLS) method. The result demonstrates the high quality of this comparison and that some participants are able to provide, for their mass calibration services, standard uncertainties of around ten micrograms. The good uniformity of worldwide mass dissemination since the last periodic mass verification carried out in 1992 is demonstrated by the agreement among the NMIs' results. In addition, the observed weighted mean of the NMI deviations against the BIPM is −0.0098 mg (σ = 0.0036 mg). Despite the good result obtained in this particular comparison we should, in order to have a more accurate calibration system, improve the knowledge of the ageing effects of the mass references and increase the BIPM calibration frequency of the national prototypes.</P><P>Main text.To reach the main text of this paper, click on Final Report. Note that this text is that which appears in Appendix B of the BIPM key comparison database kcdb.bipm.org/.</P><P>The final report has been peer-reviewed and approved for publication by the CCM, according to the provisions of the CIPM Mutual Recognition Arrangement (CIPM MRA).</P>

Las ciudades de La ficcion, La ficcion de Las ciudades -Galicia en La obra de Gonzalo Torrente Ballester-

( Carmen Becerra ) 한국스페인어문학회 2005 스페인어문학 Vol.0 No.37

Las ciudades de la ficci?n, la ficci?n de las ciudades — Galicia en la obra de Gonzalo Torrente Ballester —

Carmen Becerra 한국스페인어문학회 2005 스페인어문학 Vol.0 No.37

El artículo examina la presencia de Galicia, y en particular de algunas de sus villas y ciuadades (Ferrol y el valle de Serantes, Bueu, Santiago de Compostela, Pontevedra y Ourense), en la obra narrativa del escritor gallego Gonzalo Torrente Ballester. Se trata de comprobar cómo el espacio novelesco es el resultado de la transformación de lugares reales extratextuales; concretamente en las novelas de Torrente Ballester, los espacios de sus ficciones son una traslación, metamorfoseada por la imaginación y la fantasía, de los lugares en los que vivió, o con los que sostuvo alguna relación vital; por ello, del tratamiento de las ciudades de la ficción, resulta la ficción de las ciudades.

Multicriteria-Based Computer-Aided Pronunciation Quality Evaluation of Sentences

Néstor Becerra Yoma,Leopoldo Benavides Berrios,Jorge Wuth Sepúlveda,Hiram Vivanco Torres 한국전자통신연구원 2013 ETRI Journal Vol.35 No.1

The problem of the sentence-based pronunciation evaluation task is defined in the context of subjective criteria. Three subjective criteria (that is, the minimum subjective word score, the mean subjective word score, and first impression) are proposed and modeled with the combination of word-based assessment. Then, the subjective criteria are approximated with objective sentence pronunciation scores obtained with the combination of word-based metrics. No a priori studies of common mistakes are required, and class-based language models are used to incorporate incorrect and correct pronunciations. Incorrect pronunciations are automatically incorporated by making use of a competitive lexicon and the phonetic rules of students’ mother and target languages. This procedure is applicable to any second language learning context, and subjective-objective sentence score correlations greater than or equal to 0.5 can be achieved when the proposed sentence-based pronunciation criteria are approximated with combinations of word-based scores. Finally, the subjective-objective sentence score correlations reported here are very comparable with those published elsewhere resulting from methods that require a priori studies of pronunciation errors.

Ramberg–Osgood Stress–Strain Analysis of the Effects of Aging Treatment and Welding on IN600 with a Three-Stage Strain Hardening Behavior

Heriberto Granados‑Becerra,Víctor H. López‑Morelos,Alberto Ruiz,Rafael García‑Hernández,Francisco F. Curiel‑López,Martin R. Barajas‑Alvarez 대한금속·재료학회 2022 METALS AND MATERIALS International Vol.28 No.6

The Ramberg–Osgood equation was applied to model the stress–strain behavior of heat-treated and welded specimens ofInconel 600 up to 0.2 and 0.175 mm/mm of strain, respectively. As-received and aged plates of Inconel 600 were gas metalarc welded to simulate repair of a component in operation. Dog bone shape specimens were tensile tested at a cross headspeed of 0.005 s−1 and the deformation was measured with an extensometer with a gage length of 20 mm. Microstructuralobservations were made in the optical and scanning electron microscope. Fitting the experimental data in the plastic regionof stress–strain curves to a novel three slopes Ramberg–Osgood model enabled estimation of the hardening coefficient, n. The value of n varied from 0.07 to 0.3 depending on the metallurgical condition of the specimen. A notorious increase wasobserved in the value of n for samples heat-treated beyond 25 h and in as-welded samples. The results of this work showeda very good correlation between the model and the experimental curves.

Territorial distribution of the European objective for 2020 of reducing early school leaving

A. Tolón-Becerra,X. Lastra-Bravo,S. Fernández-Montero 한국교육개발원 2011 KEDI Journal of Educational Policy Vol.8 No.1

This paper proposes a nonlinear distribution method based on dynamic targets for reducing the early school leaving (ESL) population. The aim of this proposal is to provide policymakers with a new view in terms of transferring the EU-wide headline target to national targets. This methodology was applied to the 2010-2020 EU education target at two territorial levels. Weighting was based on the ESL rate, for the total population, by sex, and unemployment rate (for those 15-24 years of age). In addition, the proposed method was applied to the Lisbon Agenda goal. The results found underlining the need for decentralised weighted decisions to be made at different territorial levels, and a view to converging toward the common aim throughout the geographical area over time.

Effect of sterilization on 3-point dynamic response to in vitro bending of an Mg implant

Luis Humberto Campos Becerra,Marco Antonio Loudovic Hernández Rodríguez,Raúl Lesso Arroyo,Hugo Esquivel Solís,Alejandro Torres Castro 한국생체재료학회 2021 생체재료학회지 Vol.25 No.2

Background: The aim of the study is to characterize a biomedical magnesium alloy and highlighting the loss of mechanical integrity due to the sterilization method. Ideally, when using these alloys is to delay the onset of degradation so that the implant can support body loads and avoid toxicological effects due to the release of metal ions into the body. Methods: Standardized procedures according to ASTM F-1264 and ISO-10993-5 were used, respecting detailed methodological controls to ensure accuracy and reproducibility of the results, this testing methodology is carried out in accordance with the monographs of the Pharmacopoeia for the approval of medical devices and obtaining a health registration. An intramedullary implant (IIM) manufactured in magnesium (Mg) WE43 can support loads of the body in the initial period of bone consolidation without compromising the integrity of the fractured area. A system with these characteristics would improve morbidity and health costs by avoiding secondary surgical interventions. Results: As a property, the fatigue resistance of Mg in aggressive environments such as the body environment undergoes progressive degradation, however, the autoclave sterilization method drastically affects fatigue resistance, as demonstrated in tests carried out under in vitro conditions. Coupled with this phenomenon, the relatively poor biocompatibility of Mg WE43 alloys has limited applications where they can be used due to low acceptance rates from agencies such as the FDA. However, Mg alloy with elements such as yttrium and rare earth elements (REEs) have been shown to delay biodegradation depending on the method of sterilization and the physiological solution used. With different sterilization techniques, it may be possible to keep toxicological effects to a minimum while still ensuring a balance between the integrity of fractured bone and implant degradation time. Therefore, the evaluation of fatigue resistance of WE43 specimens sterilized and tested in immersion conditions (enriched Hank’s solution) and according to ASTM F-1264, along with the morphological, crystallinity, and biocompatibility characterization of the WE43 alloy allows for a comprehensive evaluation of the mechanical and biological properties of WE43. Conclusions: These results will support decision-making to generate a change in the current perspective of biomaterials utilized in medical devices (MDs), to be considered by manufacturers and health regulatory agencies. An implant manufactured in WE43 alloy can be used as an intramedullary implant, considering keeping elements such as yttrium-REEs below as specified in its designation and with the help of a coating that allows increasing the life of the implant in vivo.

CCM key comparison CCM.D-K4 'Hydrometer'

Lorefice, S,Becerra, L O,Lenard, E,Lee, Y J,Lee, W G,Madec, T,Meury, P A,Caceres, J,Santos, C,Vamossy, C,Man, J,Fen, K,Toda, K,Wright, J,Bettin, H,Toth, H BUREAU INTERNATIONAL DES POIDS ET MESURES 2016 METROLOGIA -BERLIN- Vol.53 No.-

<P></P> <P>This report presents the comparison philosophy, methodology, analysis and the results of the designed CCM.D-K4 key comparison that covered the calibration of high resolution hydrometers for liquid and alcoholometers in the density range 600 kg/m<SUP>3</SUP> to 2000 kg/m<SUP>3</SUP> at the temperature of 20°C. The main purpose of this comparison was not only to evaluate the degree of equivalence in the calibration of high accuracy hydrometers between NMI participants, but also to link, were it is possible, the results of previous comparisons to Key Comparison Reference Values (KCRVs) of CCM.D-K4. Eleven NMI laboratories took part in the CCM.D-K4 divided in two groups (petals).</P> <P>With the CCM.D-K4 purpose, two similar sets consisting of three hydrometers for liquid density determinations and an alcoholometer were circulated to the NMI participants as a travelling standard in the time interval from January 2011 to April 2012.</P> <P>Twelve Key Comparison Reference Values (KCRVs) for each petal have been obtained at the density values related to the tested density marks of the transfer standards by the results of participants. The KCRVs and corresponding uncertainties were calculated by the weighted mean in the case of consistent results, otherwise the median was used.</P> <P>The degree of equivalence (DoE) with respect to the corresponding KCRV was determined for each participant and, in this particular comparison, the Weighted Least Squares (WLS) method was used to link the individual DoE of each participant by a continuous function.</P> <P>Significant drift of the transfer standards was not detected.</P> <P>This report also gives instructions on calculating pair-wise degrees of equivalence, with the addition of any information on correlations that may be necessary to estimate more accurately as well as the procedure for linking international comparisons to the CCM.D-K4. Finally an example of linkage to the CCM.D-K4 is given by dealing with the results of the bilateral comparison between INRiM and NMIA, which was added to this comparison so that all participants were engaged after the breakage of the 9340171 artefact.</P> <P>A particularly good agreement was found among the results provided by most of the participants, even if some systematic differences and either underestimated or overestimated uncertainties of the submitted results can be identified with respect to the KCRVs. In general the deviations of the laboratory results to the KCRVs are within of 1/3rd to 1/4th of a scale division and the uncertainty at 95% is usually within half a division. During the analysis of the submitted results, a systematic difference between the first and last immersed mark was also noted, possibly due to a temperature gradient along the stem and/or wetting of the stem around the tested mark, and therefore a corrected claimed uncertainty from each laboratory is expected. However this comparison may help the laboratories to solve some residual or marginal problems as well as to better understand the uncertainty components.</P> <P>The comparison fully supports the calibration measurement capabilities table in the BIPM key comparison database (KCDB). The results can be used to link regional comparisons to this CCM key comparison</P> <H2>Main text</H2> <P> To reach the main text of this paper, click on <A HREF='http://www.bipm.org/utils/common/pdf/final_reports/M/D-K4/CCM.D-K4_Final_Report.pdf'>Final Report</A>. Note that this text is that which appears in Appendix B of the BIPM key comparison database <A HREF='http://kcdb.bipm.org/'>kcdb.bipm.org/</A>.</P> <P>The final report has been peer-reviewed and approved for publication by the CCM, according to the provisions of the CIPM Mutual Recognition Arrangement (CIPM MRA).</P>

UNDERSTANDING NEGATIVITY TOWARD BRANDS: A FRAMEWORK OF ANTECEDENTS OF ONLINE BRAND DERISION

Vishag Badrinarayanan,Enrique Becerra 글로벌지식마케팅경영학회 2018 Global Marketing Conference Vol.2018 No.07

Brands motivate consumers to engage in positive, supportive as well as negative, oppositional actions (e.g., Gregoire, Tripp, and Legoux 2009; Lovett, Peres, and Shachar 2013; Wolter 2015). However, although extensive research has been afforded to positive and negative brand-related communication by consumers of a brand (e.g., Baker, Donthu, and Kumar 2016; Berger 2014; Hollebeek, Glynn, and Brodie 2014; King, Racherla, and Bush 2014), attention on negative brand-related communication by non-consumers is lacking. Yet, brands are constantly subjected to negativity, slander, avoidance, and hate (e.g., Zarantonello et al. 2016) from consumers who are psychologically, behaviorally, and ideologically disconnected from them (Hegner, Fetscherin, and van Delzen 2017). Accordingly, researchers have expounded that it is imperative to investigate – in addition to positive brand outcomes and brand development strategies – negative brand outcomes and brand defense strategies (Veloutsou and Guzman 2017). Responding to such calls, this study focuses on the construct of online brand derision. Online brand derision is conceptualized as the volitional act of avoiding, openly ridiculing, discrediting, or denigrating a brand in the online environment. Correspondingly, drawing from diverse literature streams such as brand-related communication, social identity theory, and social dominance theory, this study develops and tests a framework of the antecedents of brand derision in the online environment. Results from analysis of data gathered from 320 respondents reveal that some consumers are likely to perceive a discord between themselves and the users of a brand, which along with an oppositional self-categorization of the self and the brand, influences hostile cognitive judgments and attitudinal evaluations regarding the brand. Consequently, animosity toward the brand influences online brand derision. The results further indicate support for the moderating effects of consumers’ social dominance orientation and extraversion on brand animosity’s influence on brand derision. Based on the findings, several theoretical and managerial implications as well as directions for future research are offered.