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Eder Uzziel Pulido Barragán,Carlos Fernando Castro Guerrero,Ana María Zamudio,Ana Beatriz Morales Cepeda,Thomas Heinze,Andreas Koschella 한국섬유공학회 2019 Fibers and polymers Vol.20 No.6
Cellulose nanocrystals (CNC) were obtained from Typha domingensis (an invasive macrophyte) collected fromlagoons and wetlands in Altamira, Mexico. Cellulose extraction was carried out by a treatment with aqueous NaOH in a batchreactor followed by NaClO-bleaching and subsequent hydrolysis with sulfuric acid. The fibers were characterized by FourierTransform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), scanning electronmicroscopy (SEM), and atomic force microscopy (AFM). The crystallinity of the cellulose fibers isolated from Typhadomingensis increased from 29 % (not treated fibers) to 73 % and the beginning of thermal degradation increased from 246 oCto 312 oC before and after the bleaching. The CNCs isolated from this plant show average values of 20 nm in diameter and 190 nmin length. Micrographs of the Typha domingensis fibers and the cellulose isolated therefrom as well as bleached celluloseindicate the removal of hemicellulose, lignin, and waxes from the fibers, which corroborates the XRD and FTIR results.
WeTrace: a Privacy-preserving Tracing Approach
Muriel Franco,Bruno Rodrigues,Christian Killer,Eder John Scheid,Alessandro De Carli,Andreas Gassmann,David Schönbächler,Burkhard Stiller 한국통신학회 2021 Journal of communications and networks Vol.23 No.5
For the protection of people and society against harmand health threats—especially in case of the COVID-19 pandemic— a variety of different disciplines needs to be involved. The datacollection of basic and health-related data of individuals in today’shighly mobile society does help to plan, protect, and identify nextsteps health authorities and governments can, shall, or need to planfor or even implement. Thus, every individual, human, and inhabitantof the world is the key player—very different from many pastcrises’. And since all individuals are involved his/her (a) health and(b) privacy shall be considered in a very carefully crafted balance,not overruling one aspect with another one. Privacy remains key. The solution of the current pandemic’s data collection can bebased on a fully privacy-preserving application, which can be usedby individuals on their mobile devices, such as smartphones, whilemaintaining at the same time their privacy. Additionally, respectivedata collected in such a fully distributed setting does help to confinethe pandemic and can be achieved in a democratic and very open,but still and especially privacy-protecting manner. Therefore, the WeTrace approach and application designed utilizesthe Bluetooth low energy (BLE) communication channel,many modern mobile devices offer, where public-key cryptographyis being applied to allow for deciphering of messages for that destinationit had been intended for. Since literally every other potentialparticipant only listens to random data, even a brute force attackwill not succeed. WeTrace and its Open Source implementation ensurethat any receiver of a message knows that this is for him/her,without being able to identify the original sender.
Karl Heinrich Schneider,Benjamin J. Goldberg,Onur Hasturk,Xuan Mu,Marvin Dötzlhofer,Gabriela Eder,Sophia Theodossiou,Luis Pichelkastner,Peter Riess,Sabrina Rohringer,Herbert Kiss,Andreas H. Teuschl‑Wo 한국생체재료학회 2023 생체재료학회지 Vol.27 No.00
Background There is a great clinical need and it remains a challenge to develop artificial soft tissue constructs that can mimic the biomechanical properties and bioactivity of natural tissue. This is partly due to the lack of suitable biomaterials. Hydrogels made from human placenta offer high bioactivity and represent a potential solution to create animal-free 3D bioprinting systems that are both sustainable and acceptable, as placenta is widely considered medical waste. A combination with silk and gelatin polymers can bridge the biomechanical limitations of human placenta chorion extracellular matrix hydrogels (hpcECM) while maintaining their excellent bioactivity. Method In this study, silk fibroin (SF) and tyramine-substituted gelatin (G-TA) were enzymatically crosslinked with human placental extracellular matrix (hpcECM) to produce silk-gelatin-ECM composite hydrogels (SGE) with tunable mechanical properties, preserved elasticity, and bioactive functions. The SGE composite hydrogels were characterized in terms of gelation kinetics, protein folding, and bioactivity. The cyto- and biocompatibility of the SGE composite was determined by in vitro cell culture and subcutaneous implantation in a rat model, respectively. The most cell-supportive SGE formulation was then used for 3-dimensional (3D) bioprinting that induced chemical crosslinking during extrusion. Conclusion Addition of G-TA improved the mechanical properties of the SGE composite hydrogels and inhibited crystallization and subsequent stiffening of SF for up to one month. SGE hydrogels exhibit improved and tunable biomechanical properties and high bioactivity for encapsulated cells. In addition, its use as a bioink for 3D bioprinting with free reversible embedding of suspended hydrogels (FRESH) has been validated, opening the possibility to fabricate highly complex scaffolds for artificial soft tissue constructs with natural biomechanics in future.