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Synthesis of p-phenylenediamine (PPD) from p-Diiodobenezene using Copper(1) catalyst
이상용,김정석,서휘민,강나영,박선영,최원춘,박용기,구기갑 한국공업화학회 2015 한국공업화학회 연구논문 초록집 Vol.2015 No.0
Aramid fiber is well known to have excellent physical properties such as high thermal resistance and durability. In this work, for the production of p-Phenylenediamine(PPD), which is used as a precursor of para aramid fiber, the reaction of p-Diiodobenzene (PDIB) with a copper iodide catalyst was investigated. In general, as an amine donor for the copper-catalyzed amination of aryl halide, ammonia surrogates are used and results in additional process cost. However, in the present work, to avoid an unnecessary process and the production of undesirable compounds, ammonia was directly applied and found to work successfully. For the improvement of the reactivity, the reduction of the copper catalyst was achieved by using ascorbic acid and dihydroxyfumaric acid.
이상용,이효 한국지방재정학회 2007 한국지방재정논집 Vol.12 No.1
The ageing of population by low fertility and increase of average length of life is a common trend in almost all the industrialized countries. In Korea the total number of the elderly over age 65 exceeded 484.9million(9.5%) in 2006. Korea is faced with the increasing welfare needs by a rapid evolution of population ageing like this and it is also expected to sharply expand the expenditure of elderly welfare services such as pension, medical expense, care payment. so local governments will financially suffers a difficult conditions in the near future. The purpose of this study is to suggest policy directions and alternatives on welfare finance management in response to aged society.Policy alternatives for improving welfare finance System are pursued in terms of institutional improvements such as establishment of financial share principle among governments, enlargement of local share tax' role in social welfare service, introduction of block grant regarding welfare finance in local government.
Zr-Sn-Fe-Cr 및 Zr-Nb-Sn-Fe 합금 피복관의 기계적 특성 및 Creep 거동
이상용,고산,최영철,김규태,최재하,홍순익,Lee, Sang-Yong,Ko, San,Choi, Young-Chul,Kim, Kyu-Tae,Choi, Jae-Ha,Hong, Sun-Ig 한국재료학회 2008 한국재료학회지 Vol.18 No.6
Since the 1990s, the second generation of Zirconium alloys containing main alloy compositions of Nb, Sn and Fe have been used as a replacement of Zircaloy-4 (Zr-Sn-Fe-Cr), a first-generation Zirconium alloy, to meet severe and rigorous reactor operating conditions characterized by high-burn-up, high-power and high-pH operations. In this study, the mechanical properties and creep behaviors of Zr-Sn-Fe-Cr and Zr-Nb-Sn-Fe alloys were investigated in a temperature range of $450{\sim}500^{\circ}C$ and in a stress range of $80{\sim}150\;MPa$. The mechanical testing results indicate that the yield and tensile strengths of the Zr-Nb-Sn-Fe alloy are slightly higher compared to those of Zr-Sn-Fe-Cr. This can be explained by the second phase strengthening of the $\beta$-Nb precipitates. The creep test results indicate that the stress exponent for the steady-state creep rate decreases with the increase in the applied stress. However, the stress exponent of the Zr-Sn-Fe-Cr alloy is lower than that of the Zr-Nb-Sn-Fe alloy in a relatively high stress range, whereas the creep activation energy of the former is slightly higher than that of the latter. This can be explained by the dynamic deformation aging effect caused by the interaction of dislocations with Sn substitutional atoms. A higher Sn content leads to a lower stress exponent value and higher creep activation energy.
이상용,장중순 한국경영과학회 2001 한국경영과학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.- No.1(3)
It is a characteristic of web log files that their sizes have heavy tailed distributions. This paper proposes a TTT plot method of identifying such properties, which is used in reliability analysis. Simulated comparison study of their performances is performed and log files in Korean Edunet and NASA servers are analyzed using proposed methods.
이상용,정헌영 대한교통학회 2008 大韓交通學會誌 Vol.26 No.2
Loading zone is necessary to central business district(CBD) due to freight trucks coming into inner city. Currently truck drivers in metropolitan area are forced to illegally park their freight trucks on the roads close to the business facilities because there is no or few loading zones available in the CBD. This situation would bring into traffic congestion and even might block local roads in the CBD. This study reviews the existing improvement plans in city logistics, and examines delivery characteristics related to freight trucks and drivers in Seomyeon, the central downtown of Busan. Also it conducts a location planning for on-street loading/unloading bay using a technical method for arranging loading space. This research estimated the number of parking and stop bays for truck's operation using queueing theory based on truck-service rate and arrival rate, and found locations with the minimum resistance function values for freight movement in arranging on-street loading/unloading bays. 도시내부에서 발생하는 화물자동차의 이동에 따라 도심상업지역에서는 노상 하역공간(loading zone)이 반드시 필요하다. 그렇지만, 현재 대도시의 도심상업지역의 경우는 하역공간의 설치미비로 인하여 화물자동차들은 마땅한 조업공간이 없어 노상에서 불법주정차 행위를 하고 있는 실정이다. 이로 인하여 도심교통의 장애를 야기하는 하나의 원이 되었으며, 그로 인한 혼잡은 심각한 수준에 도달해 있는 실정이다. 따라서, 본 연구에서는 이러한 문제점을 다소나마 해결할 수 있도록 노상하역공간의 정비방안을 살펴보고, 부산의 도심상업지역인 서면지역 일대를 대상으로 하여 노상하역주차 특성을 면밀히 고찰함으로써 그 적용가능성도 확인할 수 있었다. 본 연구에서 노상 하역공간의 정비는 규모 즉, 조업을 행할 수 있는 주・정차 베이(bay)의 개수 추계와 함께 이들의 적절한 배치장소를 모색하는 것이다. 규모적 측면에서의 주・정차 베이 수는 조업차량의 도착율 및 서비스율에 기초한 대기행렬의 적용을 통하여 산출 할 수 있었으며, 배치장소의 결정은 화물운반에 대한 저항함수를 정식화함으로써 최소 저항이 되는 위치를 산정할 수 있었다.