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임연택,서정범,유재근 ( Yeon Taek Rim,Jeong Beom Seo,Jae Keun Ryu ) 한국물환경학회 1998 한국물환경학회지 Vol.14 No.1
Treatability and pressure difference in ultrafiltration was investigated in sequential anaerobic/aerobic activated sludge wastewater treatment system. Ultrafiltration had advantages for sludge separation than secondary sludge settling tank in biological wastewater treatment system. Clean and steady water quality in effluent was achieved but the flux was decreased with the lapse of time. Accordingly, the influence of control parameters of backwashing intervals and various loading rate to treatment efficiency and pressure difference to sustain steady flux were studied for the combination process of activated sludge and ultrafiltration membrane. The effluent BOD concentration showed less than 2㎎/l and T-N resulted in 11.5∼21.2㎎/l in this system. When organic loading rate was 0.5㎏BOD/㎥·d with less than 0.04㎏/c㎡ pressure difference the system could be controlled to sustain 0.2㎥/㎡·d flux. Specifically, hydrophilic membrane showed less than 0.02㎏/c㎡ pressure difference. Flux of 0.2㎥/㎡·d required 0.04㎏/c㎡ pressure difference but higher pressure difference was required to raise flux. Outside pressure infiltration and suction infiltration were compared. 0.25∼0.35㎏/c㎡ pressure difference was required to earn 0.2㎥/㎡·d of flux for outside pressure infiltration but only 0.04㎏/c㎡ pressure difference was required for the same flux of in the case of suction infiltration. In conclusion, there were no difference in effluent water quality between filtration by hydrophobic membrane and hydrophilic membrane but lower pressure difference was required by hydrophilic membrane to earn steady flux rate. When flux and organic loading rate in the reactor was raised, the required pressure difference was dramatically increased. In the case of longer backwashing intervals pressure difference tends to build up.
임연택,윤조희,서정범,유순주,류덕희,홍정선,서윤수 한국물환경학회 1992 한국물환경학회지 Vol.8 No.3
For a practical application of technologies for treating the polluted stream water, the Changneung Stream water at Koyang-Kun, Kyungki province was treated by using the Gravel Contact Oxidation Processes with the aerated and the non-aerated types as on-site facilities for one year. The results are as follows: 1. In the BOD concentration of the influent into facilities, annual average was 36.3㎎/ℓ. And monthly averages were the lowest as 6.6㎎/ℓ in Aug. and the highest as 40.2㎎/ℓ in Aug. In case of TKN, monthly concentrations were 3.2 ㎎/ℓ in Aug. and 13.3㎎/ℓ in Jun., which was caused by the difference of outflowing amount from paddy fields. 2. Annual BOD concentrations of effluents from the aerated and the non-aerated types were 15.6㎎/ℓ and 25.6㎎/ℓ, respectively and treatment efficiency was increased by the aeration. In the non-aerated type, average influent BOD concentration from Nov. to Feb. higher than 30㎎/ℓ was 61.1㎎/ℓ and effluent was 46.3㎎/ℓ but average influent BOD from Mar. to Oct. lower than 30㎎/ℓ was 18.5㎎/ℓ and effluent was 10.7㎎/ℓ. So it was essential to be aerated in the facility by judging from these efficiencies when the stream water over 30㎎BOD/ℓ was treated. 3. Annual influent suspended solid(SS) was 24.1㎎/ℓ and effluents were 6.4㎎/ℓ in the aerated type and 9.2㎎/ℓ in the non-aerated. It was essential to establish the facility for eliminating sludge which was generated in the gravel layer and inflowed from the stream, to upkeep the treatment efficiency of this facility. 4. In the case of TKN and T P, influent was 8.48㎎/ℓ and 1.10㎎/ℓ and effluent from the aerated and the non-aerated was 6.85㎎/ℓ, 0.86㎎/ℓ and 8.79㎎/ℓ, 0.99㎎/ℓ, respectively.