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이재봉(Lee, Jae-Bong) 부산대학교 인문학연구소 2018 코기토 Vol.- No.84
중일전쟁과 태평양전쟁으로 이어지던 식민지 말기, 김사량은 치열한 작가적 고민을 보여 준다. 이 시기는 동아신질서론, 신체제론 등 제국의 논리가 억압적으로 작용하는 시기였고 따라서 조선의 작가들이 선택할 수 있는 길은 지극히 제한적이었다. 이 상황에서 김사량은 제국의 논리에 함몰되지 않으면서도 조선을 형상화할 수 있는 길을 모색하고 있었다. 이를 위해서 그는 스스로를 조선과 일본 사이에 위치시켰고 다른 작가들에게서는 쉽게 찾아보기 어려운 서사적 전략들을 선택하게 된다. 1941년 발표한 「유치장에서 만난 사나이」는 김사량의 이와 같은 위치와 서사적 전략들을 잘 보여주고 있다. 이 작품에서 김사량은 표면적으로는 제국에 동조하는 듯한 지식인을 등장시키고 있지만 ‘왕백작’이라는 비정상적 인물은 납득할 수 없는 기행으로 그 논리를 비틀어버린다. 뿐만 아니라 화자의 진술을 때때로 믿을 수 없게 하는 서사적 장치들을 곳곳에 숨겨 두어 소설의 의미를 복잡하게 만들어 버린다. 그리고 서로 다른 두 명의 화자를 끊임없이 교차시켜 시공간을 뒤섞어 버림으로써 모호함을 증폭시키기도 한다. 무엇보다 ‘왕백작’이라는 비정상적이고 모호한 인물의 행위를 통해 정상적이고 일반적인 사람들의 양심을 자극하기도 한다. 더욱이 ‘왕백작’은 언제 어디서 어떠한 모습으로 나타날지 모르는 모습으로 남겨둠으로써, 그를 단순히 서사적 과거의 인물이 아니라 편재성을 지닌 존재로 형상화한다. 식민지 말기라는 모순되고 곤란한 상황을 그는 이와 같은 서사적 전략으로 대응했던 것이다. Kim Saryang represented the agony of a keen writer in the last period of colony from Sino-Japanese to War the Pacific War. At that time, imperial logics such as New order theory over East Asia, Theory of a new structure etc. oppressively applied, so that the choices Chosun writers could get were extremely limited. In this situation, Kim Saryang tried to find a way to embody Chosun without sinking into imperial logics. For this purpose, he placed himself between Chosun and Japan and chose a narrative strategy that is hard to find in other writers. 「A man I met in lockup」 published in 1941 is a good demonstration of his position and narrative strategies. In this work, Kim Saryanag introduces intellectuals who seem to go along with the Empire but ‘Wang Counter’ an abnormal character twists on the logic with strange behaviors of unacceptability. Additionally, he made the meaning of a novel complicated by hiding narrative devices in places to make the speaker’s statement unreliable. And he increases ambiguity by crossing two different speakers constantly. Above all he stimulates conscience of the normal and general public through the conduct of abnormal and equivocal character ‘Wang Counter’. Furthermore by leaving ‘Wang Counter’ in the dark about to show up, he embodies ‘Wang Counter’ as a being of ubiquity not just an epic past figure. In the contradictory and awkward circumstances of the colonial end, he responded with these narrative strategies.
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이재봉(Jae-Bong Lee),김성렬(Sung-Ryeol Kim),안성진(Sung-Gin An) 한국철도학회 2011 한국철도학회 학술발표대회논문집 Vol.2011 No.10
With the development of the technology the usage of the car has been increased to the allowed limit of the road and has caused global warming and air pollution. Subway is good transit system with punctuality safety and eco-friendliness but it needs relatively much money for construction considering the needs of transit. So it is hard to balance the finance. Many developed countries have adopted advanced transit system including tram for the linking small and medium sized cities after 1980s due to the relatively low construction cost. This paper reviews the way to increase the role of tram which is planed to be introduced to the local governments as a kind of Advanced transit system.
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이재봉(Lee, Jae-Bong) 한국문학회 2008 韓國文學論叢 Vol.50 No.-
근대문학은 사적 공간을 고려하지 않고는 설명하기 어렵다. 서구의 경우 19세기 부르주아 계층의 발달로 가족, 부부관계, 어린이 등의 개념과 함께 주거공간이 분화․재배치되면서 사적 공간이 등장했지만 부르주아 계층의 발달을 기대하기 어려웠던 근대 초기 조선은 사정이 달랐다. 근대 초기 조선에서는 ‘근대’, ‘문명’ 등과 ‘학교’라는 제도적 변화가 생활조건을 변화시켰고 근대문학에서 중요한 사적 공간도 이와 관련하여 등장하게 된다. 기숙사, 특히 하숙방이 그것이다. 기숙사의 경우 때때로 사적 공간으로 기능하기도 했지만 그것은 기본적으로 공동생활을 위한 것이었기 때문에 규칙과 규율로 통제되는 공간이라는 점에서 한계를 지닐 수밖에 없었다. 반면 기숙사는 일정한 계약 조건 아래 획득되며 물리적․심리적 거리를 유지함으로써 사적 공간의 특성을 상당히 지니면서 근대문학에 간여하게 된다. 하숙방은 집 안의 다른 공간과 분리되어 있는, 유학생의 개성을 나타내는 독립적 공간이었다. 하숙방에서는 고독한 유학생의 내면이 탐색되고 지적․정서적으로 친밀한 사람들과 내밀성이 교환된다. 그리고 유학생들은 톨스토이, 도스토예프스키, 투르게네프, 고리키 등의 시선 아래 하숙방에서 근대의 문학 작품을 읽고 일기나 편지, 소설 등을 쓰고 있었다. 따라서 하숙방은 당시 유학생들의 내면과 문학을 형성하는 핵심적인 공간이었고 이와 같은 공간을 소유했던 유학생들은 다시 고향에 가지 못하는 상황에 놓이게 되었다. 하숙방과 같은 공간을 분할해 내지 못한 고향은 더 이상 낯익고 친숙한 공간이 아니라 과거의 공간이고 돌아가기 힘든 곳으로 변해버렸다. 태어나고, 가족이 있는 공간이 모두의 시선 아래 노출된 공간이며 따라서 정서적으로 이미 절연된 공간으로 변해버린 까닭이다. In explaining the modern Korean literature, the personal space should be considered. In the western literature, the personal space appeared while the living space was divided and relocated with the concepts of family, the relations between husband and wife, and the child, which was formed by the development of the bourgeoisie in 19 century. In Choseon Dynasty of the early modern era, however, the situations were different. In Choseon Dynasty, the concepts of ‘modern’ and ‘culture’ and the change of educational system caused the change of living conditions, resulting the appearance of personal space in the modern Korean literature. The main space was the dormitory, especially the boarding house. The dormitory functioned as the personal space, but it had some limitations in that it was the controlled space with regulations and rules as it was basically the common living space. In the other hand, the boarding room, which was obtained under certain conditions of contract, was related to the modern literature as the personal space retaining some physical and psychological distance. The rented room, which was differentiated from other space of the boarding house, was the independent space meaning the resident's personality. In the boarding room, the lonely student away from home was introspected and the intimacy with the intimate was exchanged intellectually and emotionally. The students were reading Tolstoy, Dostoevsky, Turgenev, or Gorky etc. or writing diary, letter, or novel. And thus the boarding room was the main space where the spirit and literature of the students were formed. The students living in this space were under the situations that they could not go back to their hometown. The hometown, where it was impossible to obtain the independent space like the boarding room, was not familiar and acquainted space any more. It was the space of past and the place where they could not go back. Because the space in which they were born and their family was living was exposed under the eyes of everybody and it was changed into the space emotionally unfamiliar with them.
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전기화학적 방법을 이용한 스테인리스강의 공식 및 틈부식 저항성 측정
이재봉 ( Jae Bong Lee ),민심근 ( Sim Kun Min ) 대한금속재료학회 ( 구 대한금속학회 ) 2007 대한금속·재료학회지 Vol.45 No.5
The resistance to pitting and crevice corrosion of various stainless steels was evaluated by measuring critical pitting temperature (CPT), critical crevice temperature (CCT) and critical crevice potential (CCP). CPT values obtained from immersion test were compared with those done by electrochemical test methods. The relationship between CPT and CCT was investigated in terms of PREN (pitting resistance equivalent index). The effect of types of crevice formers on CCT was examined. CCP values for different stainless steels were measured and compared with their CCT values. The properties of passive film obtained by capacitance and abrading electrode measurements were compared with the resistance to corrosion. Results show that CCP and CCT increased with increasing PREN, indicating the linear relationship between CPT and CCT values. Independent of types of crevice former such as block or washer, CCT showed the same values in both cases. The correlation between CCT and CCP showed that CCT linearly increased with increasing PREN while CCP increased up to 40 of PREN, approached the constant values above 40. The higher PREN values resulted in the lower donor density and the closer repassivation rate parameter to 1.
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근대적 욕망의 추구와 서사화 방식-1910년대 소설의 고학생 모티프와 '자본'의 논리-
이재봉(Lee Jae-bong) 어문연구학회 2003 어문연구 Vol.41 No.-
Although it is not a complete form. the novels in 1910s have the logic of modernity. In 1910s, bourgeois intelligentsias make a form of a literary group with a modern meaning, and thus their experience of modernity through studying abroad stands out as an important source of novels. The economic adversity that they experienced through getting the modern knowledge is accepted in novels as a motif of 'a student under adversity' and shaped as a figure overcoming great poverty and difficulty. It is also to accomplish the modern desire of liberty and equality. Of course the liberty and the equality are the products of bourgeois idea, and the intelligentsia at that time thought it as means of survival in the struggle for existence. Therefore the desire for capital in the novels is extended to the nationality and has the characteristic of enlightenment. To spread the modern discourse like this, the authoritative narrative is chosen in the novels. And the narration is advanced with the method of summary and advocated the absoluteness of modern novels without severe conflicts. Thus the novels of a student under adversity motif in 1910s don't give rise to popular interest, but have the purpose for spreading of the modern discourse of liberty and equality. As a result, in the novels of the time. the inborn priority of previous novels is excluded, and the poor and common students are appeared in the front line. And their adversity is intensified and announced at last and then chosen the narrative strategy for extending the meaning of modern desire. However the logic like this is too idealistic and may have the risk of falling into a poor logic in the real world.
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