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이만식(Man Sig Lee),정충택(Chung-Taeg Cheong),이광호(Gwang-Ho Lee),김준호(Jun-Ho kim),이근대(Gun-Dae Lee),홍성수(Seong-Soo Hong) 한국표면공학회 2002 한국표면공학회지 Vol.36 No.1
Zinc phosphating for cold forming of steel was studied with emphasis on decreasing phosphating temperature. To lower phosphating temperature, some techniques, such as adding Cu ion into bath, using activator in the form of pre-dip, and aeration in bath, instead of using conventional accelerator, namely oxidizing agent, have been tried. It was revealed that phosphating, leading to coatings of improved uniformity and fine crystal size, can be carried out using above techniques at lower temperature (55℃) compared to conventional phosphating temperature (80~90℃). Under present condition, it was seen that optimum concentrations of Cu ion in phosphating bath and activator in pre-dip are 0.015% (w/w) and 2.0 g/l, respectively. The coating weight was within the range of 15~20 g/㎡. When lubricant was applied into phosphating coatings, the amount of lubricating component (total soap) was found to be 6~10 g/㎡ and the lubricated panel revealed excellent lubricating properties.
가스 하이드레이트 형성 원리를 이용한 SF<sub>6</sub> 처리 기술에 관한 연구
이보람(Lee, Bo-Ram),이현주(Lee, Hyun-Ju),김양도(Kim, Yang-Do),류영복(Ryu, Young-Bok),이만식(Lee, Man-Sik),김영석(Kim, Young-Seok),이주동(Lee, Ju-Dong) 한국신재생에너지학회 2007 한국신재생에너지학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2007 No.06
SF<sub>6</sub>(sulfur hexafluoride)는 뛰어난 단열 및 아크방지능력(arc-extinguishingproperty)으로 인해, 전력용 변압기의 절연가스와 반도체{cdot}액정용 플라즈마 CVD로의 cleaning gas, 주물공장 covering gas 등으로 사용되고 있다. 하지만, SF<sub>6</sub>의 지구온난화지수(global warming potential)는 CO₂대비 23,900배가 높아 기후변화에 미치는 영향이 CO₂보다 훨씬 크고, 대기 중 분해되지 않고 잔존하는 기간이 CH₄ 10년, CO₂ 및 CFCs는 100년으로 추정되는데 반해, SF<sub>6</sub>는 3,200년으로 연간방출양이 작더라도 오랜 기간 누적되면 그 파장이 클 것으로 사료된다. 대부분의 가스 하이드레이트(고상결정상태)는 고압, 저온에서 형성가능 하지만, 불화가스에 대해서는 쉽게 결정화가 일어난다. SF<sub>6</sub>는 3?C, 2기압에서 고밀도 고상화가 되기 때문에 여러 기체와 흔합되어 있는 경우 SF<sub>6</sub>만을 압축된 고상 결정상태를 형성, SF<sub>6</sub>를 회수, 정제할 수 있으므로 불화가스 분리{cdot}회수에 기술적, 경제적 효과를 기대할 수 있다. 본 연구에서는 하이드레이트 촉진제로서 계면활성제(promoter) 첨가에 따른 SF<sub>6</sub> 하이드레이트 형성 및 해리과정 실험을 통해 효율적인 SF<sub>6</sub> 저감에 관한 적용기술을 연구해 보았다.
Her Posthumous Hope in George Eliot`s The Mill on the Floss and Edith Wharton`s The House of Mirth
이만식 ( Man Sik Lee ) 21세기영어영문학회 2012 영어영문학21 Vol.25 No.4
This study is to understand some literary solutions to feminist questions with two English novels, Geroge Eliot`s The Mill on the Floss and Edith Wharton`s The House of Mirth, which was published in 1905, some forty years later than The Mill on the Floss, in order to study the differences made on women`s position in society and also to find out any progress or development has been accomplished in this area through the so-called brilliant industrialization achieved for the mankind during this period. In spite of several differences such as agricultural landscape in St. Ogg`s, and industrialzed metropolitan area of New York, The Mill on the Floss and The House of Mirth are not quite different in their feminist statement. Even though the message of Edith Wharton is clearer, we cannot tell whether there is any progress between The Mill on the Floss and The House of Mirth.
이만식(Lee, Man Sik) 한국동서비교문학학회 2008 동서 비교문학저널 Vol.0 No.19
Most Buddhist monks and scholars talk about the insufficient efforts to communicate Dharma Talk[法語] in terms of modern languages. However, the problem of communication in Buddhism has not been caused only by the lack of communication methods but by the discourse itself. The state of not to rely on letters[不立文字] is meagerly explained by our common language in this postmodern age when the language itself is no longer a reliable device for meaningful communication. The first philosophical transformation of Indian sources was distinctively Chinese innovation. Concern with inherent Buddha-nature[佛性] gained prominence in China partly due to the indigenous Chinese preoccupation with the inherent nature of human being. The philosophical transformation that occurred in the Buddhist doctrine in East Asia by the Chinese reinterpretation of Buddhism was highly beneficial to deeply bind the philosophical dimension of Buddhism with the practical aspect. The second significant philosophical transformation is needed now to face the current communication problems of Buddhism. Western thought, including Jacques Derrida’s deconstruction, has been suggested as a candidate to provoke a second philosophical transformation to revive the tradition of Buddhism. The cultural translation of Buddhism is explicated here in this paper as one of the practical programs to elucidate Buddhism in terms of Western thought as well as to solve its communication problems.
졸-겔법에 의한 나노크기의 티탄-콜로이드 합성 및 인산염 피막 특성
이만식(Man Sig Lee),이선도(Sun-Do Lee) 한국표면공학회 2005 한국표면공학회지 Vol.38 No.1
Nanosized titanium-colloid particles were prepared by sol-gel method. The physical properties, such as thermal stability, crystallite size and crystallinity according to synthesis condition have been investigated by TEM, XRD, SEM, TGA and DTA. In addition, Zinc phosphating has been studied in order to compare the phosphating characterization of prepared nanosized titanium-colloid particles. The major phase of all the prepared titanium-colloid particles was an amorphous structure regardless of synthesis temperature and the structure was composed of phoshate complex and titanium. The micrographs of HR-TEM showed that nanosized titanium-colloid particles possessed a spherical morphology with a narrow size distribution. The crystallite size of the titanium-colloid particles synthesized at 80℃ was 4-5 ㎚ and increased to 8-10 ㎚ with an increase of synthesis temperature (150℃). In addition, the coating weight increased with an increase of temperature of phosphating solution and when the concentration of titanium-colloid was 2.0 g/l, the coating weight was 1.0 g/㎡.