뇌졸중 환자의 머리회전 각도가 내.외측 균형에 미치는 영향

이관섭,김중선,Lee, Kwan-Sub,Kim, Chung-Sun 대한물리치료학회 2012 대한물리치료학회지 Vol.24 No.5

Purpose: This study was conducted in order to compare the ability to control postural sway during perturbation when stroke patients received postural sway induced by head rotation. Methods: This study included 15 stroke patients and 15 healthy adults. Each group was measured by 3D motion analysis for determination of the angle of the neck in static position and by balance performance monitor for estimation of swaying angle in both neutral posture and head rotation position. These results were then analyzed in order to compare the healthy control group and the stroke patients group. Results: In both static posture ($60.7{\pm}4.81$) and dynamic posture ($51.46{\pm}6.87$, $70.8{\pm}6.55$), significant decreases were observed in the angle of head rotation of the patient group, compared to the healthy group (p<0.05), and significant decreases were observed in the sway angle of the patient group when in the neutral position ($3.62{\pm}7$, $24{\pm}0.60$) and head rotation ($3.04{\pm}0.80$, $51.46{\pm}6.87$), compared to the healthy group (p<0.05). Conclusion: According to these findings, patients with stroke tend to restrict the ROM of head rotation and swaying angle in dynamic posture and maintain their posture instability using limitation of head movement relative to the trunk and sway angle of area which is larger than that of affected side in unaffected side.

표준전동차 자동/무인운전기술 개발 및 시운전에 관한 연구

한성호(Han Seong-Ho),안태기(An Tae-Ki),이수길(Lee Su-Gil),이관섭(Kwan-Sub Kim),김원경(Kim Won-Kyoung),최규형(Choi Kyu-Hyoung) 한국철도학회 2000 한국철도학회 학술발표대회논문집 Vol.- No.-

The automatic/driverless operation which are great important techniques in metro railway are required to increase higher safety, greater reliability, and transport capacity. To satisfy such demands, we must have the system design and testing technique for the railway system operation. These techniques are related to the onboard train control and communication systems which include TCMS(Train Control and Monitoring System), ATO(Automatic train Operation), ATC(Automatic train Control), and TWC(Train to wayside communication). These sub-systems must be interfacing with not only each others but also the signal system on the ground. We tested the train control system on Test line that has been developed on the basis of the standardized type EMU for korea railway systems. This test line which is located in Sangju, have been constructed for testing 7 & 8 line of Seoul Metro railway.

클러스터링에 기초한 자기부상시스템의 퍼지제어기 모델링

김민수(Kim Min Soo),변윤섭(Byun Yeun Sub),이관섭(Lee Kwan Sup) 한국철도학회 2006 한국철도학회 세미나자료 Vol.- No.-

This paper describes the development of a clustering based fuzzy controller of an electromagnetic suspension vehicle using gain scheduling method and Kalman filter for a simplified single magnet system. Electromagnetic suspension vehicle systems are highly nonlinear and essentially unstable systems. For achieving the levitation control of the DC electromagnetic suspension system, we considered a fuzzy system modeling method based on clustering algorithm which a set of input/output data is collected from the well defined Linear Quadratic Gaussian(LQG) controller. Simulation results show that the proposed clustering based fuzzy controller methodology robustly yields uniform performance with adequate gap response over the mass variation range.

방사선 피폭에 대한 의료진의 인식도 조사: Mobile X-선 접점부서 대상으로

이양섭(Yang-Sub Lee),김성진(Seong-Jin Kim),우봉철(Bong-Cheol Woo),박장흠(Jang-Heum Park),송인욱(In-Wook Song),장동수(Dong-Soo Chang),이관섭(Kwan-Sup Lee),이미화(Mi-Hwa Lee) 대한영상의학기술학회 2012 대한영상의학기술학회 논문지 Vol.2012 No.-

Purpose: The medical staff of the radiation exposure awareness about analyzes the factors that affect for excessive psychological anxiety and just a ploy to get proper recognition for radiation, and produced promotional material for the radiation exposure is also recognized for improvement and training, should we wish to using of as the basis for it. Materials and Methods: Mobile x-ray inspection of contacts at the intensive care unit(ICU), operating room(OR), emergency room(ER), Ward s medical team for 2 occasions questionnaire survey through. Promotional material in order to learn to read before and after the second round of the survey respondents of cognitive maps of the promotional material for only 106 read medical staff. From March until October 2011, Mobile X-ray dose related data collection, questionnaire creation, radiation dose capacity measurement, promotional materials and public relations, said a poll. The questionnaires consisted of six item on the general characteristics, recognition of radiation dose, radiation exposure state and dose management status, to the knowledge of radiation dose, protection and education of radiation dose, radiation safety management situation and status. Some questions were graded on a five point Likert scal. The average and standard deviation were calculated. Results: Primary survey for men and women respectively 27 and 241 persons and in the second survey, males and women respectively 3 and 103 persons. The business-specific distribution Wards(126), OR(115), ICU(103), ER(30). The common attribute is gender, occupations, in career, there was significant difference. Radiation dose awareness also worked to improve the PR later (p<0.05). Radiation exposure and strengthens the dose after promoting the management situation is found (p>0.05). Of protection and education and increased after seeing promotional material (p>0.05). Radiation safety management situation and increase your status after you promote the safety management are strengthened (p>0.05). Business in the operating room by radiation also recognize most, ER>Wards>ICU showed up in the order. Job experience in radiation dose awareness also showed high annual increases and unmarried women. Conclusion: Overall promotional materials because of the perception of radiation bomb and mind in the knowledge that help show the difference, promotional material through the passing of knowledge worked but did not improve the situation. Due to the lack of basic knowledge about radiation, habitual defensive actions, data deficient, the lack of interest, and promote. Therefore, hospital-wide content development and radiation for systemic education for and defense of and publicity needs to be strengthened. 목적: 의료진들의 방사선 피폭에 대한 인지도에 영향을 미치는 요인을 분석하여 방사선 피폭에 대한 과도한 심리적 불안을 해소시키고 방사선에 대한 올바른 인식을 갖도록 하기 위하여 피폭선량에 대한 홍보자료를 제작하여 방사선에 대한 인식도 개선과 교육을 위한 기초 자료로 활용하고자 하였다. 대상 및 방법: Mobile X-선 검사의 접점 부서인 중환자실, 수술실, 응급실, 병동의 의료진을 대상으로 2차에 걸쳐 설문 조사하였다. 홍보자료를 읽기 전과 후에 인식도 변화를 알아 보기 위해 2차 설문지 응답자 중 홍보자료를 읽어본 의료진 106명(42.6%)만을 대상자로 하였다. 2011년 3월부터 10월까지 X-선 피폭 관련 자료수집 및 설문지 제작, 피폭선량 측정, 홍보자료 제작 및 홍보를 하였다. 설문지는 응답자와 관련된 일반적인 특성, 방사선 피폭에 대한 인식도, 방사선의 노출 정도와 피폭관리 실태, 방사선 피폭에 대한 지식, 방사선 피폭의 예방과 교육, 방사선 안전관리 실태 및 현황 등 총 6개 항목으로 구성하였다. 결과: 1차 설문조사 대상자는 남성 27명, 여성 241명, 2차 설문조사에는 남성 3명(2.8%), 여성 103명(97.2%) 이었다. 근무지별 분포는 병동 126명(33.69%), 수술실 115명(30.75%), 중환자실 103명(27.54%), 응급실 30명(8.02%) 순이었다. 대상자의 일반적 특성은 성별, 직종, 연차에서 유의한 차이가 있었다. 방사선 피폭에 대한 인식도는 홍보 후에 개선효과가 있었다(p<0.05). 방사선의 노출 정도와 피폭관리 실태는 홍보 후에 강화하는 것으로 나타났 다(p>0.05). 방사선 피폭에 대한 지식은 홍보자료를 본 후에 증가하였다(p<0.05). 방사선 피폭의 예방과 교육은 홍보자료를 본 후에 증가하였다(p>0.05). 방사선 안전관리 실태 및현황은 홍보 후에 증가하여 안전관리를 강화하는 것으로 나타났다(p>0.05). 근무지에 따른 방사선 인식도는 수술실에서 가장 높았고, 응급실>병동>중환자실 순으로 낮게 나타났다. 업무경력에 따른 방사선 피폭에 대한 인식도는 연차가 증가할수록 높게 나타났다. 방사선 피폭에 대한 전반적인 인식도는 미혼일수록 예민하였다. 결론: 전반적으로 홍보자료로 인하여 방사선 피폭에 대한 인식도와 지식에서 유의한 차이가 있는 것으로 나타났고, 홍보자료를 통한 지식의 전달은 효과가 있었지만 실태는 개선되지 않았다. 원인은 의료진의 방사선에 대한 기본적인 지식과 자료의 부족, 습관적인 방어적 행동, 불충분한 홍보 기간, 관심의 부족으로 사료된다. 결론적으로 방사선 피폭에 대한 막연한 두려움과 공포를 줄이기 위해서는 병원차원에서 콘텐츠를 개발하여 방사선의 위해와 방어에 대한 체계적인 교육을 통한 지식과 정보 제공 및 홍보를 강화해야 한다고 생각한다.

Strapdown Attitude Reference System(SARS) in the Railway and Aviation System using Fuzzy Inference

Min-Soo Kim(김민수),Yeun-Sub Byun(변윤섭),Kwan-Sup Lee(이관섭) 대한전기학회 2006 대한전기학회 학술대회 논문집 Vol.2006 No.7

This paper describes the development of a closed-loop Strapdown Attitude Reference System (SARS) algorithm integrated filtering estimator for determining attitude reference for railway and aviation system using fuzzy inference. The SARS consists of 3 single-axis rate gyros in conjunction with 2 single-axis accelerometers. For optimal values of fuzzy systems, we utilize on-line scheduling method for initial values and then use genetic algorithms for fine tuning. Implementation using experimental test data of unmanned aerial vehicle has been performed in order to verify the estimation. The proposed fuzzy inference based SARS demonstrate that more accurate performance can be achieved in comparison with conventional one. The estimation results were compared with the on-board vertical gyro as the reference standard.

치과방사선검사에서 방사선방어용구 사용 전, 후의 유효선량에 대한 평가

김재인,최원근,이소라,이정화,이관섭,Kim, Jae In,Choi, Won Keun,Lee, So La,Lee, Jung Hwa,Lee, Kwan Sub 대한디지털의료영상학회 2012 대한디지털의료영상학회논문지 Vol.14 No.2

The purpose of this study was to measure the absorbed dose and calculate the effective dose for cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) and panorama units and to estimate usefulness of x-ray protective. Rando phantom and glass dosimeters were used for dosimetry. The absorbed doses were measured at 15 organs and 14 remainder from correspond to ICRP 2007 recommendations. The absorbed dose was highest in salivary glands as measured CBCT 2.420mGy, panorama 0.307mGy. Absorbed dose in another organs were high in order of thyroid, brain, skin, esophagus. The effective dose was CBCT 0.100mSv, panorama 0.011mSv and effective dose of panorama was higher than that of CBCT by 10 times. In case of wearing x-ray protective, reducing effective dose of CBCT by 0.066mSv (66%) and panorama by 0.008mSv (72%). Effective dose were reduced by radiological shielding but it needs further optimization studies, where dosimetric data are analyzed in combination with image quality with keep the patients' exposure as low as possible.

자기부상열차 신호시스템 검토

변윤섭(Byun Yeun Sub),김민수(Kim Min Soo),이영훈(Lee Young Hun),이관섭(Lee Kwan-Sup) 한국철도학회 2006 한국철도학회 세미나자료 Vol.- No.-

Because of many advantages of Maglev(magnetic levitation) trains, the study of Maglev technology has been accelerated rapidly throughout the world. As a results of that, German commercialized the super-speed magnetic train in Shanghai at the world-wide beginning. Japan started the first commercial service for the low speed Maglev train system in Nagoya in the world. For the commercial service of Maglev trains, signal system must be installed on the operation line and be controlled by operation control center, In this paper, Maglev train operation systems of the inside and outside of the country are investigated and what is supplied for domestic Maglev train system is investigated.

흉부 검사 시 임산부의 복부와 골반의 차폐 전과 후의 선량 평가

김성민(Seong-Min Kim),이양섭(Yang-Sub Lee),이관섭(kwan-Sup Lee),하동윤(Dong-Yun Ha) 대한영상의학기술학회 2014 대한영상의학기술학회 논문지 Vol.2014 No.1

목적 : 성인 흉부촬영 조건에서 인체표준모형팬텀을 이용하여 임산부용 방사선방어용납치마의 차폐율과 차폐 후 복부와 골반의 피폭선량을 측정하여 나아가 가임여성이나 태아에게 영향을 줄 수 있는 선량을 평가하였다. 대상 및 방법 : DR system의 장비를 이용하였고, 인체표준모형팬텀을 이용하였다. 관전압은 90, 100, 110, 120 kVp와 관전류-시간곱은 1, 2, 3.2, 4, 5로 설정하여 차폐 전 흉부, 복부, 골반 선량을 측정하였고, 복부와 골반은 차폐 후 방어용납치마 0.35 ㎜Pb, 0.5 ㎜Pb, 0.35+0.5 ㎜Pb(2겹)를 3회 에 걸쳐 선량계를 이용하여 선량을 측정 하였다. 측정된 선량과 방사선방어용납치마의 납 두께에 따른 차폐율의 상관관계를 파악하기 위하여 SPSS Ver. 18.0을 이용하여 피어슨 상관계수 (Pearson s correlation cofficient)를 구하였다. 결과 : 촬영인자의 변화에 따른 흉부의 선량은 120 kVp, 5 mAs에서 221.7 µ㏉로 가장 높게 측정되 었고, 90 kVp, 1 mAs에서 26.32 µ㏉로 가장 낮게 측정되었다. 복부차폐 후 선량은 120 kVp, 5mAs, 0.35 ㎜Pb에서 48.06 µ㏉로 가장 높게 측정 되었고, 90 kVp, 1 mAs, 0.35+0.5 ㎜Pb에서 0.194 µ㏉로 가장 낮게 측정되었다. 골반차폐 후 선량은 120 kVp, 5 mAs, 0.35 ㎜Pb에서 167.5 n ㏉로 가장 높게 측정되었고, 100 kVp, 1 mAs, 0.35+0.5 ㎜Pb에서 5.026 n㏉로 가장 낮게 측정되었 다. 방사선방어용납치마는 0.35 ㎜Pb, 0.5 ㎜Pb, 0.35+0.5 ㎜Pb 순으로 두께가 두꺼울수록 낮은 선 량이 측정되었고 통계분석 결과 음의 상관관계를 보였다(p<0.01). 반대로 차폐율은 0.35 ㎜Pb, 0.5㎜Pb, 0.35+0.5 ㎜Pb 순으로 낮게 나타났으며 통계분석 결과 양의 상관관계를 보였다(p<0.01). 또 한, 관전압이 증가할수록 방사선방어용납치마의 차폐율은 감소하였다. 결론 : 임상에서 흔히 사용하고 있는 방사선방어용납치마 0.5 ㎜Pb에서도 골반(태아)에서 n㏉ 수준의 선량이 측정되어 100% 차폐를 위해선 촬영조건은 가능한 낮게 설정하고, 좀 더 경량화 되고 납 당량이 높은 방사선방어용납치마가 필요할 것으로 사료된다. Purpose : By measuring shielding rate of radiation protection lead apron for pregnant patient and exposed dose of abdomen and pelvis after shield by using Rando phantom under the condition of adult chest examination, radiation dose that may affect fertile women and fetus was evaluated. Materials and Methods : DR system equipment and Rando phantom were used. By setting tube voltage as 90, 100, 110, 120 kVp and tube current-time multiplication as 1, 2, 3.2, 4, 5, dose of chest, abdomen and pelvis before shield was measured and that of abdomen and pelvis after shield with lead apron was measured by using dosimeter for 3 times(0.35 mmPb, 0.5 mmPb, 0.35+0.5 mmPb (twofold)). In order to identify correlation between measured dose and shielding rate by lead thickness of lead apron for radiation protection, Pearson s correlation coefficient was obtained by using SPSS Ver. 18.0. Result : Dose After abdominal shield was measured to be the highest as 48.06µ㏉ in 120kVp, 5mAs, 0.35mmPb and it was measured to be the lowest as 0.194 µ㏉ in 90 kVp, 1 mAs, 0.35+0.5 mmPb. Dose after pelvis shield was measured to the highest as 167.5 n㏉ in 120kVp, 5 mAs, 0.35 mmPb and it was measured to be the lowest as 5.026 n㏉ in 100 kVp, 1mAs, 0.35+0.5 mmPb. As the thickness of lead apron was getting thicker in the order of 0.35mmPb, 0.5mmPb, 0.35+0.5mmPb, low dose was measured and as a result of statistical analysis, it showed a negative correlation (p<0.01). On the contrary, shielding rate was represented to be low in the order of 0.35mmPb, 0.5mmPb, 0.35+0.5mmPb and as a result of statistical analysis, it showed a positive correlation (p<0.01). Conclusion : It is considered that even in lead apron (0.5mmPb) being frequently used in clinical setting, as dose on the level of n㏉ was measured in pelvis(fetus), in order to ensure complete shield and more light-weighted lead apron having high lead equivalent would be required.

엉치뼈와 꼬리뼈 검사에서 노출조절방식에 따른 환자선량 고찰

김영훈(Young-Hun Kim),이양섭(Yang-Sub Lee),박성민(Seong-Min Park),김성진(Seong-Jin Kim),이관섭(Kwan-Sup Lee) 대한영상의학기술학회 2012 대한영상의학기술학회 논문지 Vol.2012 No.-

목적: 방사선 검사에서 엉치뼈와 꼬리뼈는 인체에서 조직의 밀도가 가장 높고 두꺼운 골반 검사와 비슷하기 때문에 높은 선량이 필요하다. 또한 방사선에 민감도가 높은 생식선에 직접적인 영향을 줄 수 있는 검사이다. 따라서 본 저자는 엉치뼈와 꼬리뼈를 자동노출조절방 식과 수동노출조절방식으로 촬영하여 선량을 측정하여 비교분석하였다. 대상 및 방법: X-선 발생장치는 Definium 8000(GE), Rando Phantom (ART-200X)을 사용하였다. 자동노출제어방식과 수동노출제어방식 검사하고, 촬영장치에 표시된 DEI값을 적용하여 적정선량을 산출하여 입사표면선량과 입사 선량 추정치을 측정하였다. 결과: 엉치뼈 검사에서 수동노출제어방식의 75 kVp, 12.5 mAs로 검사했을 시 mAs는 37.5%, 입사표면선량는 39%,입사 선량 추정치는 39%가 감소하였다. 꼬리뼈 검사에서 수동노출제어방식의 75 kVp, 25 mAs를 적용하여 검사하였을 시 mAs와 입사표면선량, 입사 선량 추정치 모두 40% 감소하였다. 결론: 엉치뼈와 꼬리뼈 촬영 시 자동노출조절방식보다 수동노출조절방식으로 검사할 경우더 적은 선량으로 충분히 검사가 가능하여 적절한 영상의 획득과 환자의 피폭선량을 저감화할 수 있었다. 따라서 사용자의 편리성에 따른 노출조절방식보다 장치의 기능에 대한 올바른 이해와 선량에 대한 적극적인 교육이 필요할 것으로 사료된다. Purpose: Coccyx in human tissue has the highest density about radiation. Similar to a pelvic examination is necessary the high radiation dose. Radiation directly affects the gonads. Therefore, Radiation dose and image quality was compared to automatic exposure control mode and manual mode. Materials and methods: We used DR equipment(Definium 8000, GE) and the Rando Phantom(ART-200X). AEC mode and manual mode were examined and mAs, ESD, DAP measured. The image quality was evaluated by five radiological technologists and two doctors. Results: In the manual mode sacrum, mAs and ESD was reduced by 7.5 mAs and 0.895 mGy, DAP was reduced by 2.881 dGy/cm*2. As a result, In the manual mode sacrum, mAs, ESD, DAP were all reduced each 37.5%, 39%, 39%. In the manual mode coccyx examination, mAs was reduced by 16 mAs, ESD has been reduced by 1.795 mGy, DAP was reduced by 3.561 dGy/cm*2. As a result, In the manual mode coccyx, mAs, ESD, DAP were all reduced by 40%. Image quality of sacrum and coccyx was evaluated excellent. Conclusion: If we use manual mode in both sacrum examination and coccyx examination, Exposure dose reduce than AEC mode and Image quality is excellent. So we correctly understand about exposure mode, equipment of function and need to be educated.

경량전철 차량의 기술적 특성비교

김민수(Min Soo Kim),변윤섭(Yeun Sub Byun),이영훈(Young Hoon Lee),이관섭(Kwan Sup Lee) 한국강구조학회 2006 韓國鋼構造學會誌 Vol.18 No.3