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      • KCI등재

        황금(黃芩)과 구성 화합물의 약리작용에 대한 고찰

        이건석,박민희,천목은,홍진우,조수인,Lee, Keon-Suk,Park, Min-Hee,Cheon, Mog-Eun,Hong, Jin-Woo,Cho, Su-In 대한예방한의학회 2011 대한예방한의학회지 Vol.15 No.2

        Objective : Scutellaria baicalensis is one of the most popular and multi-purpose herb in traditional medicine. It is also useful for its practicability to cultivate in Korea. The purpose of this study is to contribute to researches and applications of scutellaria baicalensis by analyzing and reviewing international researches on the compositions and the effects of scutellaria baicalensis. Methods : This study analyzed 146 articles from PubMed by searching with the keyword "Scutellaria baicalensis", "Huang quin", "Baical Skullcap", "Huang qin", "baical skullcap root", "ogon", "Hwanggeum" and "Hwangkeum", published within the last 10 years(from 2000 to 2009). We reviewed the 146 articles on Scutellaria baicalensis and its active constituents in terms of 'Active constituents', 'Experimental studies', 'Clinical studies', 'Drug interaction', 'Side Effects/Toxicity' and 'Pharmacokinetics'. Results : The active constituents of Scutellaria baicalensis are flavonoids such as baicalein, baicalin, wogonin and oroxylin-A. It is reported that scutellaria baicalensis and its active compounds have antiinflammatory activity, antitumor activity, antioxidant activity, antiviral and antibiotic activity, neuroprotective effects, hepatoprotective effects and cardiovascular effect. Conclusions : This study is aimed to summarize the results obtained within the last 10 years and to contribute to following researches and applications of Scutellaria baicalensis.

      • KCI등재

        대학생의 자살위험도와 MMPI-2의 관계

        이건석,이혜경,김석현,장은영,김대호,Lee, Kounseok,Lee, Hye Kyung,Kim, Seok Hyeon,Jang, Eun-Young,Kim, Daeho 대한불안의학회 2015 대한불안의학회지 Vol.11 No.2

        Objectives : The Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI) is a commonly used psychological test measuring personality and psychopathology in both clinical and non-clinical population. This study was to evaluate characteristic MMPI-2 profile associated with the risk of suicide among college students. Methods : We analyzed the survey response of 2,964 college students who participated in a health survey from a school health center at a national university in 2011. Those who endorsed any of six items on the suicidaity module of MINI were classified as a suicide risk group and remaining students who did not as a control group. Then we compared the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) score, the MMPI-2 Clinical scales and Restructured Clinical (RC) scales. To evaluate the correlation RC scales with suicidality score, Pearson correlation analysis was performed. Results : The suicide risk group was 464 students, and the control group was 2,500. The classification result of suicidality, 255 (8.6%) students were low-risk group, 149 (4.8%) students were moderate-risk group and 60 (2.0%) students were high-risk group. In the suicide risk group, VRIN, F scale, Clinical scale and RC scales were significantly higher. In the control group L, K and S scales were significantly higher. Suicidality score has significant correlation with all RC scales. Conclusion : In the suicide risk group, overall psychopathology was higher than the control group. Taken together, features of depressive symptom, antisocial behavior, aggressiveness, introversion may indicate the risk of suicide in college students. These results display both clinical and public health implications for clinicians and school health professionals.

      • KCI등재

        Exploratory Factor Analysis of the Beck Anxiety Inventory and the Beck Depression Inventory-II in a Psychiatric Outpatient Population

        이건석,김대호,조용래 대한의학회 2018 Journal of Korean medical science Vol.33 No.16

        Background: To further understand the relationship between anxiety and depression, this study examined the factor structure of the combined items from two validated measures for anxiety and depression. Methods: The participants were 406 patients with mixed psychiatric diagnoses including anxiety and depressive disorders from a psychiatric outpatient unit at a university-affiliated medical center. Responses of the Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI), Beck Depression Inventory (BDI)-II, and Symptom Checklist-90-Revised (SCL-90-R) were analyzed. We conducted an exploratory factor analysis of 42 items from the BAI and BDI-II. Correlational analyses were performed between subscale scores of the SCL-90-R and factors derived from the factor analysis. Scores of individual items of the BAI and BDI-II were also compared between groups of anxiety disorder (n = 185) and depressive disorder (n = 123). Results: Exploratory factor analysis revealed the following five factors explaining 56.2% of the total variance: somatic anxiety (factor 1), cognitive depression (factor 2), somatic depression (factor 3), subjective anxiety (factor 4), and autonomic anxiety (factor 5). The depression group had significantly higher scores for 12 items on the BDI while the anxiety group demonstrated higher scores for six items on the BAI. Conclusion: Our results suggest that anxiety and depressive symptoms as measured by the BAI and BDI-II can be empirically differentiated and that particularly items of the cognitive domain in depression and those of physical domain in anxiety are noteworthy.

      • KCI등재

        Reliability and Validity of the Korean Version of the Internet Addiction Test among College Students

        이건석,이혜경,경현수,유병관,송열매,김대호 대한의학회 2013 Journal of Korean medical science Vol.28 No.5

        We developed a Korean translation of the Internet Addiction Test (KIAT), widely used selfreport for internet addiction and tested its reliability and validity in a sample of college students. Two hundred seventy-nine college students at a national university completed the KIAT. Internal consistency and two week test-retest reliability were calculated from the data, and principal component factor analysis was conducted. Participants also completed the Internet Addiction Diagnostic Questionnaire (IADQ), the Korea Internet addiction scale (K-scale), and the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 for the criterion validity. Cronbach’s alpha of the whole scale was 0.91, and test-retest reliability was also good (r = 0.73). The IADQ, the K-scale, and depressive symptoms were significantly correlated with the KIAT scores, demonstrating concurrent and convergent validity. The factor analysis extracted four factors (Excessive use, Dependence, Withdrawal, and Avoidance of reality) that accounted for 59% of total variance. The KIAT has outstanding internal consistency and high test-retest reliability. Also, the factor structure and validity data show that the KIAT is comparable to the original version. Thus, the KIAT is a psychometrically sound tool for assessing internet addiction in the Korean-speaking population.

      • KCI등재

        Spontaneous Resolution of a Large Chronic Subdural Hematoma Which Required Surgical Decompression

        이건석,박영석,민경수,이무섭 대한신경외과학회 2015 Journal of Korean neurosurgical society Vol.58 No.3

        We report on a case of an 87-year-old woman who showed spontaneous resolution of a large chronic subdural hematoma which required surgical decompression. She had suffered from confused mentality and right side weakness of motor grade II for 10 days. The initial brain CT scan showed a 22 mm thick low density lesion located in the left fronto-temporo-parietal region with midline shift (12 mm) which required emergency decompression. However, because she and her family did not want surgery, she was followed up in the outpatient clinic. Five months later, follow up brain CT showed that the CSDH had disappeared and the patient became neurologically normal. The reasons for spontaneous resolution of CSDH remain unclear. We discuss the possible relation between mechanisms of physio-pathogenesis and spontaneous resolution of a large chronic subdural hematoma (CSH) in an elderly patient.

      • KCI등재

        Prognostic Factors and Clinical Outcomes of Urological Soft Tissue Sarcomas

        이건석,이소연,서성일,전성수,이현무,최한용,정병창 대한비뇨의학회 2011 Investigative and Clinical Urology Vol.52 No.10

        Purpose: The purpose of this study was to elucidate prognostic factors for survival and clinical outcomes of urological soft tissue sarcomas (STSs). Materials and Methods: This was a retrospective review of the medical records of 48 patients with urological STS treated from January 1982 to July 2009. Demographic and pathological characteristics were compared. Patients' demographics, clinico-pathological parameters, overall survival, and the factors expected to predict survival, such as sex, age at diagnosis, primary organ, surgical resection, metastasis, and mass size, were analyzed. We evaluated differences in survival on the basis of histological subtype by Kaplan-Meier analysis and multivariate Cox proportional hazards regression. Results: The study included 34 males (70.8%) and 14 females (29.1%). The mean age at diagnosis was 47.1 years (range, 3 to 80). The most common site was the retroperitoneum (n=16), followed by the kidney (n=12), prostate (n=10), bladder (n=7), ureter (n=1), and paratesticular region (n=1). Nineteen patients (39.5%) had other organ metastases at diagnosis. The most common subtypes of sarcoma were leiomyosarcoma (50%), rhabdomyosarcoma (18.7%), and liposarcoma (8%). The remaining 11 cases had other histological subtypes (22.9%). Mean tumor size was 9.5 cm (range, 2.2 to 24). Thirty-three patients (68.7%) underwent surgical resection. The overall survival rate at 5 years was 51.4%. In the univariate and multivariate analysis, surgical resection, primary tumor site, and metastasis at diagnosis remained significant predictors of prognosis. Patients with retroperitoneal sarcoma had a higher overall survival rate by 5 years compared with patients with other organ sarcoma. Conclusions: The overall survival rate at 5 years was 51.4%. Surgical resection, primary tumor site, and metastasis at diagnosis remained significant predictors of prognosis.

      • KCI등재

        자·타해 위험: 위험성의 정의와 평가

        이건석 대한조현병학회 2023 대한조현병학회지 Vol.26 No.1

        The Mental Health Act of 1995 was fully revised on May 29, 2016, and implemented on May 30, 2017, under the name of the Mental Health Promotion and Mental Health Service Support Act (Mental Health Welfare Act). The act newly defined mentally ill people as those with significant limitations in independent daily life and reduced their classification based on severity. Before the revision, patients could be admitted to the hospital if satisfied with the risk of self-injury or harm to others or the need for treatment. The self-injury and harm to others risk criteria for involuntary admission is based on the idea of respecting patients’ right to self-determination. However, predicting future risks can be challenging, and the situation at the time of judgment should be considered. This study aims to examine the administrative and legal interpretation of the self-injury or harm to others risk for involuntary admission, review definitions and evaluations of the risk of self-harm in various areas, and suggest improvements for mental health policies or guidelines.

      • Contribution of photothermal to Catalytic performance of PES/Au Polymer Nanocomposite membranes

        이건석,유성일,송창현 한국공업화학회 2019 한국공업화학회 연구논문 초록집 Vol.2019 No.1

        금속 나노입자는 국부적 표면 플라즈몬 공명(Localized surface plasmon resonance, LSPR) 현상에 의해 특정 파장을 같은 입사광을 흡수시켜, 나노입자 주위에 열을 발생하는 광열전환 특성을 가지고 있다. 일반적으로 화학반응의 속도 및 평형은 온도에 지수함수로 비례하기 때문에 금속 입자의 광열전환 특성을 활용하면 다양한 화학반응을 외부 광원으로 제어할 수 있는 장점이 있다. 이에, 본 연구에서는 산란특성의 고분자 나노구조체와 플라즈몬 특성의 금속 나노입자를 조합하여 보다 우수한 광열전환 특성의 고분자-나노입자 복합체를 제조하고자 하였다. 이를 위해, 다공성 polyethersulfone (PES) 멤브레인에 Layer-by-layer (LBL)기법을 사용하여 금 나노입자를 균일하게 흡착시킨 후, 외부 광원 조사 유무에 따른 멤브레인의 국소적 온도 상승과 그에 의해 향상된 촉매 성능을 4-nitrophenol의 환원 반응 속도를 통해 확인하였다.

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